Essay #1 Instructions For Essay #1 you will need to choose ONE of the two options listed below, related to Chapter 4 and Chapter 6 (respectively), and write an essay addressing the topic. Option 1: Over the last decade, there has been an increasing awareness of opioid dependence among the general public. Prescription drug abuse is sometimes called an epidemic. Why are opioid analgesics so widely abused? Option 2: Vision is a complex process involving multiple brain areas. To which areas could changes cause a loss of vision? How would those changes of vision affect your daily life? Your essay should be based primarily on information from the class textbook and other assigned materials. Other sources may be used sparingly. All sources (including the textbook and assigned class materials) should be cited using correct APA style and you should include an APA style reference page following your essay (even if it only has one reference). Submit your assignment as a Word (.doc or .docx) file; other formats are not acceptable. Your response should be about 500 words (450-550, not counting citations), typed using Time New Roman 12 point font, with 1-inch margins. The text should be left aligned with a right ragged edge and double spaced throughout. NO direct quotes are permitted; all information should be correctly paraphrased. Use the automatic numbering feature of Word to add right aligned page numbers in the header of your document. Do not include a title page. On the first line of the first page, type your name (no other information required; not included in the word count). On the next line, type the topic you’ve chosen (option 1 or option 2; not included in the word count). Begin your response on the next line and type your response. The last page of your document should include your APA-style reference section (not included in word count). A submission that fails to include citations and reference(s) constitutes plagiarism; see below. Save your as LastnameF_3106_Essay1.docx (where you substitute your last name and the first initial of your first name. Upload the file in Revel before 10AM on Monday, March 2, 2020. Plagiarism
Plagiarism is presenting someone else’s work as your own. Many students are not aware that there are different types of plagiarism. You are responsible for being familiar with the following information regarding plagiarism as it relates to your work in this class.
Intentional plagiarism involves knowingly and deliberately presenting someone else’s work or ideas
as your own. Copying work from a website is an example of intentional plagiarism. Copying work from the textbook is an example of intentional plagiarism. Copying work from another student is an example of intentional plagiarism. Engaging in plagiarism is a violation of the Savannah State University Code of Conduct instances of intentional plagiarism in this class will be handled as academic dishonesty.
Unintentional plagiarism occurs when you fail to give proper credit for someone else’s ideas or
work even if you did not intend to present them as your own. Writers sometimes do this without being aware of it, when they fail to follow proper scholarly procedures for citation. To avoid unintentional plagiarism, it is important to remember that you must give credit to all of the original sources of information that influence your work, including direct quotes as well as paraphrased material.
• Generally, direct quotations should be used sparingly; typically, only in cases where the exact
phrasing of the original material is crucial to your point. When including direct quotes of fewer than
40 words, use quotation marks around the words you are borrowing directly and provide an appropriate citation in APA style. Direct quotations that are 40 words or longer should be placed in a free-standing block of typewritten lines without quotation marks and be accompanied by an appropriate citation in APA style. NOTE: You may not include direct quotations in your work for this class.
• Paraphrasing means restating information from original sources in your own words using your own syntactical structure. When paraphrasing, it is important to make sure that you are doing so appropriately. Inappropriate paraphrasing probably is the most common type of unintentional plagiarism. It occurs when an author only makes cosmetic changes to the source text, such as using synonyms to replace one or two words, rearranging the order of the original text, using passive instead of active voice, or changing the verb tense. You should work hard to make sure you are paraphrasing appropriately in all of the work submitted for this class. As you have been instructed to include citations and references, the content of essays that do not
include both APA style citations and APA style references will not be scored and a score of 0 will be assigned. Including direct quotes and instances of unintentional plagiarism will result in reduced scores for the submitted work. More than two instances will result in a maximum of 50% earned credit on the assignment. The scoring rubrics for the two options appear on the pages that follow.
Option 1: Opioid Essay Rubric
Vision Essay Exemplary Average Fair Poor Missing/Unacceptable Development of Ideas 50% How clear and focused is the essay? How well does the writer know the topic? Is there a clear main idea?
Response correctly describes brain areas involved in multiple aspects of vision. • Damage to the eyes would affect all areas of vision. • Damage to the thalamus would affect conscious perception of vision. • Damage to visual cortex would have multiple effects depending on location. • Damage to superior colliculus would impair orienting behaviors. • Suprachiasmatic nucleus is involved in entrainment of circadian rhythms based on light- dark cycles.
Response correctly describes some brain areas involved in multiple aspects of vision. • Damage to the eyes would affect all areas of vision. • Damage to the thalamus would affect conscious perception of vision. • Damage to visual cortex would have multiple effects depending on location. • Damage to superior colliculus would impair orienting behaviors. • Suprachiasmatic nucleus is involved in entrainment of circadian rhythms based on light- dark cycles.
Response correctly describes some brain areas involved in some aspects of vision. • Damage to the eyes would affect all areas of vision. • Damage to the thalamus would affect conscious perception of vision. • Damage to visual cortex would have multiple effects depending on location. • Damage to superior colliculus would impair orienting behaviors. • Suprachiasmatic nucleus is involved in entrainment of circadian rhythms based on light- dark cycles.
Response fails to describe brain areas involved in aspects of vision. • Fails to consider damage to the eyes. • Fails to consider damage to the thalamus. • Fails to consider damage to visual cortex. • Fails to consider involvement of superior colliculus or hypothalamus.
Unrelated to the topic
or missing
Organization 10% Is the essay well structured? Does the organization enhance understanding? How well are transitions used? Are the introduction and conclusion clear?
Organization is effective and
supports the logical flow of
the response. • Transitions
effectively connect concepts.
• May contain an effective
introduction and/or
conclusion.
Organization is clear and
appropriate. • Transitions
appropriately connect
concepts. • May contain an
appropriate introduction
and/or conclusion.
Organization is skeletal or
otherwise limited, which may
detract from the reader’s
ability to follow the response.
• Some simple or basic
transitions are used, but they
do not necessarily support the
response. • May contain a
minimal introduction and/or
conclusion.
Response lacks a clear
sense of direction. •
Transitions are lacking
or do not help the
reader follow the essay.
• Both the introduction
and conclusion are
minimal and/or absent.
Incomprehensible or
missing
Conventions 10% Is the essay well- edited? Does the writer use a wide variety of conventions that enhance the text? How much do errors interfere with meaning?
Demonstrates sophistication
and skill with a wide variety
of conventions. • Response
may contain minor editing
errors in grammar, spelling,
punctuation, or sentence
construction. • Errors do not
interfere with the reader’s
understanding.
Demonstrates adequate
control over a variety of
conventions. • Response may
contain some errors in
grammar, spelling,
punctuation, and/or sentence
construction. • Most errors
do not interfere with the
reader’s understanding.
Although basic conventions
may be mostly controlled,
overall the response
demonstrates inconsistent
control over conventions.
Response may not use a
variety of conventions (or
only basic conventions may
be used.) • Response may
contain a substantial number
of errors in grammar, spelling,
punctuation, and/or sentence
construction. • Some errors
interfere with the reader’s
understanding.
Demonstrates a lack of
control over basic
conventions. •
Response may contain
a large number of errors
in grammar, spelling,
punctuation, and/or
sentence structure OR
the errors are severe. •
Errors interfere with the
reader’s understanding
OR the response is
minimal with a density
of errors.
Complete disregard for
conventions or missing
Option 1: Opioid Essay Rubric continued
Opioid Essay Exemplary Average Fair Poor Missing/Unacceptable Voice 10% Is the writer’s voice distinctive? Does the voice enhance the essay? Does the essay beg to be read aloud? Is the voice appropriate for the audience (not too formal or informal)?
Voice is appropriately
authoritative indicating a
high level of comfort with
the material. • Words used
are precise and well-
chosen. • Sentences are
varied and have a natural
fluidity.
Voice is appropriate and
clear. • Word choice is
appropriate to the subject
matter and functional. •
Sentences are appropriate
and varied, making the
response easy to read.
Voice may be artificial or
uneven. • Word choice may be
correct for the subject matter,
but original material be
limited or may demonstrate a
limited vocabulary range. •
Sentences may be choppy,
rambling, or repetitive in a
way that limits fluency.
Voice may be lacking or
inappropriate. • Original
word choices may be
simplistic, vague,
inappropriate, or
incorrect. • Sentences
may be limited in variety
or be comprised of
awkward fragments or
run-ons which produce a
halting voice.
Complete disregard for
appropriate voice or
missing
Focus and Coherence 15% The extent to which the document establishes and maintains a controlling idea or bottom line, and an understanding of purpose and audience, and completes all parts of the task.
Response persuasively
justifies its conclusions
through logic, examples,
and illustrative language.
References to concepts,
theories, etc. effectively
demonstrate a strong
command of
psychopharmacology.
Response justifies its
conclusions through some
combination of logic,
examples, and illustrative
language. References to
concepts, theories, etc.
effectively demonstrate a
good command of
psychopharmacology.
Response provides some
justification for its
conclusions.
Some combination of logic,
examples, and illustrative
language are present but are
inconsistent or somewhat
ineffective. References to
concepts, theories, etc.
effectively demonstrate a
partial command of
psychopharmacology.
Response provides no
significant justification
for its conclusions.
Logic, examples, and
illustrative language are
absent, inconsistent,
and/or ineffective.
References to concepts,
theories, etc. effectively
demonstrate a weak
grasp of
psychopharmacology.
Complete lack of focus
and coherence or missing
Following Instructions 5%
Follows all instructions Failed to follow 1-2
instructions
Failed to follow 3-4
instructions
Failed to follow 5-6
instructions
Fails to follow more than
6 instructions.
Option 2: Vision Essay Rubric
Vision Essay Exemplary Average Fair Poor Missing/Unacceptable Development of Ideas 50% How clear and focused is the essay? How well does the writer know the topic? Is there a clear main idea?
Response correctly describes brain areas involved in multiple aspects of vision. • Damage to the eyes would affect all areas of vision. • Damage to the thalamus would affect conscious perception of vision. • Damage to visual cortex would have multiple effects depending on location. • Damage to superior colliculus would impair orienting behaviors. • Suprachiasmatic nucleus is involved in entrainment of circadian rhythms based on light- dark cycles.
Response correctly describes some brain areas involved in multiple aspects of vision. • Damage to the eyes would affect all areas of vision. • Damage to the thalamus would affect conscious perception of vision. • Damage to visual cortex would have multiple effects depending on location. • Damage to superior colliculus would impair orienting behaviors. • Suprachiasmatic nucleus is involved in entrainment of circadian rhythms based on light- dark cycles.
Response correctly describes some brain areas involved in some aspects of vision. • Damage to the eyes would affect all areas of vision. • Damage to the thalamus would affect conscious perception of vision. • Damage to visual cortex would have multiple effects depending on location. • Damage to superior colliculus would impair orienting behaviors. • Suprachiasmatic nucleus is involved in entrainment of circadian rhythms based on light- dark cycles.
Response fails to describe brain areas involved in aspects of vision. • Fails to consider damage to the eyes. • Fails to consider damage to the thalamus. • Fails to consider damage to visual cortex. • Fails to consider involvement of superior colliculus or hypothalamus.
Unrelated to the topic
or missing
Organization 10% Is the essay well structured? Does the organization enhance understanding? How well are transitions used? Are the introduction and conclusion clear?
Organization is effective and
supports the logical flow of
the response. • Transitions
effectively connect concepts.
• May contain an effective
introduction and/or
conclusion.
Organization is clear and
appropriate. • Transitions
appropriately connect
concepts. • May contain an
appropriate introduction
and/or conclusion.
Organization is skeletal or
otherwise limited, which may
detract from the reader’s
ability to follow the response.
• Some simple or basic
transitions are used, but they
do not necessarily support the
response. • May contain a
minimal introduction and/or
conclusion.
Response lacks a clear
sense of direction. •
Transitions are lacking
or do not help the
reader follow the essay.
• Both the introduction
and conclusion are
minimal and/or absent.
Incomprehensible or
missing
Conventions 10% Is the essay well- edited? Does the writer use a wide variety of conventions that enhance the text? How much do errors interfere with meaning?
Demonstrates sophistication
and skill with a wide variety
of conventions. • Response
may contain minor editing
errors in grammar, spelling,
punctuation, or sentence
construction. • Errors do not
interfere with the reader’s
understanding.
Demonstrates adequate
control over a variety of
conventions. • Response may
contain some errors in
grammar, spelling,
punctuation, and/or sentence
construction. • Most errors
do not interfere with the
reader’s understanding.
Although basic conventions
may be mostly controlled,
overall the response
demonstrates inconsistent
control over conventions.
Response may not use a
variety of conventions (or
only basic conventions may
be used.) • Response may
contain a substantial number
of errors in grammar, spelling,
punctuation, and/or sentence
construction. • Some errors
interfere with the reader’s
understanding.
Demonstrates a lack of
control over basic
conventions. •
Response may contain
a large number of errors
in grammar, spelling,
punctuation, and/or
sentence structure OR
the errors are severe. •
Errors interfere with the
reader’s understanding
OR the response is
minimal with a density
of errors.
Complete disregard for
conventions or missing
Option 2: Vision Essay Rubric continued
Vision Essay Exemplary Average Fair Poor Missing/Unacceptable Voice 10% Is the writer’s voice distinctive? Does the voice enhance the essay? Does the essay beg to be read aloud? Is the voice appropriate for the audience (not too formal or informal)?
Voice is appropriately
authoritative indicating a
high level of comfort with
the material. • Words used
are precise and well-
chosen. • Sentences are
varied and have a natural
fluidity.
Voice is appropriate and
clear. • Word choice is
appropriate to the subject
matter and functional. •
Sentences are appropriate
and varied, making the
response easy to read.
Voice may be artificial or
uneven. • Word choice may be
correct for the subject matter,
but original material be
limited or may demonstrate a
limited vocabulary range. •
Sentences may be choppy,
rambling, or repetitive in a
way that limits fluency.
Voice may be lacking or
inappropriate. • Original
word choices may be
simplistic, vague,
inappropriate, or
incorrect. • Sentences
may be limited in variety
or be comprised of
awkward fragments or
run-ons which produce a
halting voice.
Complete disregard for
appropriate voice or
missing
Focus and Coherence 15% The extent to which the document establishes and maintains a controlling idea or bottom line, and an understanding of purpose and audience, and completes all parts of the task.
Response persuasively
justifies its conclusions
through logic, examples,
and illustrative language.
References to concepts,
theories, etc. effectively
demonstrate a strong
command of vision
anatomy and physiology.
Response justifies its
conclusions through some
combination of logic,
examples, and illustrative
language. References to
concepts, theories, etc.
effectively demonstrate a
good command of vision
anatomy and physiology.
Response provides some
justification for its
conclusions.
Some combination of logic,
examples, and illustrative
language are present but are
inconsistent or somewhat
ineffective. References to
concepts, theories, etc.
effectively demonstrate a
partial command of vision
anatomy and physiology.
Response provides no
significant justification
for its conclusions.
Logic, examples, and
illustrative language are
absent, inconsistent,
and/or ineffective.
References to concepts,
theories, etc. effectively
demonstrate a weak
grasp of vision anatomy
and physiology.
Complete lack of focus
and coherence or missing
Following Instructions 5%
Follows all instructions Failed to follow 1-2
instructions
Failed to follow 3-4
instructions
Failed to follow 5-6
instructions
Fails to follow more than
6 instructions.
