Synopsis Of Supreme Court Rulings On Law And Morality – Essay Instructions

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Synopsis of Supreme Court Rulings on Law and Morality – Essay Instructions

Instructions

1) Write a 800 to 1,000 word essay,

2) Provide a synopsis of the Supreme Court Rulings in Bowers v. Hardwick and Lawrence v. Texas,

3) Explain the ruling in Bowers, with particular attention to what the majority held regarding morality and law. Use Hart’s arguments on the relationship between morality and the law to support your explanation (Content 1),

4) Analyze the arguments in Lawrence that essentially overturned Bowers (Content 2),

5) Critique Justice Scalia’s dissent in Lawrence, with particular emphasis on Scalia’s claim that Lawrence essentially spells the end of all law based on morality (Content 3),

6) Given the shift in social influences that are used to determine the validity of laws, how do you see this shift impacting society (Content 4) DO NOT ADDRESS THIS PROMPT,

7) Use the following REQUIRED sub-headings: The Ruling in Bowers& Hart on Law and Morals, An Analysis of the Majority Opinion of Lawrence, Scalia’s Dissent in Lawrence,

8) DO NOT WRITE AN INTRODUCTION OR CONCLUSION,

9) Locate two to three credible sources in support of your content,

10) Prepare this assignment according to the APA guidelines found in the APA Style Guide. An abstract is not required.

Rubric

• Content 1: 15%

• Content 2: 20%

• Content 3: 25%

• Content 4: 15% (DO NOT WRITE ABOUT THIS PROMPT – YOU ARE RECEIVING THE POINTS WITHOUT ADDRESSING IT)

• Thesis: 7% (DO NOT WRITE AN INTRODUCTION OR CONCLUSION)

• Argument Logic/Construction: 8%

• Mechanics: 5%

• Paper Formatting: 5%

• Citations: 5%

Required Sub-Headings

The Ruling in Bowers& Hart on Law and Morals

An Analysis of the Majority Opinion of Lawrence

Scalia’s Dissent in Lawrence

[Recommended} Potential Citations

Ben-Asher, N. (2014). Conferring Dignity: The Metamorphosis of the Legal Homosexual. Harvard Journal Of Law & Gender, 37243-284.

Bowers v. Hardwick, 478 U.S. 186 (1986)

Hart, H. L. A., & Hart, H. L. A. (1963). Law, liberty, and morality. Stanford University Press.

Lamparello, A. (2007). A New Method to Guide Constitutional Interpretation: Introduction “Negative Originalism”. University Of Florida Journal Of Law & Public Policy, 18(3), 383-414.

Lawrence v. Texas, 539 U.S. 558 (2003)

Rains, R. E. (2015). The Future of Justice Scalia’s Predictions of Family Law Doom. BYU Journal Of Public Law, 29353.

Sager, R. H. (2003). In Nino Veritas. American Spectator, 36(4), 20-21.

Starr, W. C. (1983). Law and Morality in HLA Hart’s Legal Philosophy. Marq. L. Rev., 67, 673.

Media And Victimization

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This week’s required readings discuss crime victims’ participation in the criminal justice system and the impact that it has on the victim. Contemporary victimization is multifaceted. On the one hand, advancements in technology and knowledge acquisition have allowed investigators and law enforcement officials to effectively and efficiently address instances of victimization. On the other hand, residual effects of advancements have also presented negative costs to society and to individual victims and their families.

Address the following in your initial post:

  • Analyze the evolution of the media’s role in assisting and hindering investigation of victimization.
  • Critique the criminal justice system’s response to victimization and to media coverage of crime.

Scenarios: Bad Behavior and The Difficult Employee

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Scenarios: Bad Behavior and The Difficult Employee

Read each of the scenarios below and write a 2-page response (for each scenario) that evaluates the role the supervisor played in the maintenance of good order within the organization.

Scenario 1: Bad Behavior?

Sergeant Officer Stevens, the sergeant on the evening shift, reported to you (the shift lieutenant) that after roll call he heard two male officers telling sexually explicit jokes in the hallway. As the sergeant exited the roll call room, he noticed one of the female dispatchers standing within a few feet of the two officers. The sergeant chose to ignore the immediate situation and just made a report to you.

Scenario 2: The Difficult Employee

Officer Smith has become very difficult to deal with. During roll call, he is sarcastic about any new policy changes, orders, or directives given to him or the group. He is also one of the most productive officers you have, and other officers respect his leadership abilities. Recently, his sergeant brought disciplinary charges against Officer Smith. This resulted in a suspension and Officer Smith has now become far less productive.

Address the following issues in your paper:

  • Evaluate the sergeants’ responses to the scenarios.
  • How did the sergeants respond in both scenarios?
  • How do the sergeants’ actions ensure the maintenance of good order? If they do not maintain good order, what specifically about the sergeants’ actions disrupt that order?
  • In each scenario, how could the sergeants have done better?
  • What should the sergeants do in each case to ensure good order?
  • Write a 2-page response for each scenario.

Forensic Identification: Science Or Pseudoscience?

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Crime scene management and investigation refers to the activity that goes on at an actual crime scene rather than in a forensics laboratory. However, the physical and trace evidence gathered in the field at a crime scene will eventually be analyzed in a forensics laboratory and the analyses conducted govern the types of evidence collected at a scene. Many individuals tend to accept as absolute truth that forensic laboratory testing and results are scientific in nature. However, much criticism has been leveled in recent years that many of the techniques used have never been validated and no known error rates have been established. Without this information, we cannot be sure how often forensic examiners make errors in judgment or to what extent these errors are influenced by what the examiner already knows about the case. This has broad implications in criminal investigation.

For this week’s assignment, you will step out of the crime scene and into the forensics laboratory for a look at some known issues and criticisms in forensic laboratory testing as well as in credentialing someone to be classified as an “expert” forensic examiner. It is beneficial to understand what happens with the evidence collected at the crime scene once it goes to the laboratory. Your research for this paper may cause you to question the reliability and validity of commonly relied upon forensic evidence in criminal trials. However, your job as a scholar (and criminal investigator) is to evaluate objectively what you are learning and arrive at a conclusion that is based on information from credible sources.

First, watch the Frontline documentary The Real CSI (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site. and then discuss the following in your paper using the National Academy of Sciences 2009 report (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site. (Chapters 2, 4, and 5) as a credible resource to support your assertions:

  • Summarize the Brandon Mayfield case, focusing on the idea that no two fingerprints are alike despite the fact that this has never been tested. Identify what type of testing would need to be done to ensure that the assertion that “no two fingerprints are alike” is true? Examine whether or not this type of testing is feasible and why or why not.
  • Analyze what role cognitive bias might play in influencing the forensic lab results of tests in areas such as fingerprint identification, firearms identification, bite mark identification, or the “smell of death” technique described in the Frontline film.
  • There is much criticism that techniques used in fingerprint identification and other types of forensic identification described in the NAS report (Chapter 5) are inherently unscientific because there have been no validation studies. Without validation studies that establish known error rates, these methods cannot be said to be scientifically sound. Recommend whether or not to use commonly accepted scientific techniques that have not been scientifically validated and supports these recommendations with research materials.
  • Suggest at least one intervention to overcome the effects of cognitive bias that may influence a forensic examiner’s identification decision.
  • Analyze the type of training and credentials forensic examiners should have in order to work in a forensics lab. Provide recommendations for training and credentialing forensic examiners to ensure that they are adequately trained.

The Forensic Identification: Science or Pseudoscience? Paper:

  • Must be three  double-spaced pages in length (not including title and references pages)
  • Must include a separate title page with the following
  • In Text Citing
  • Please include, in APA style, at least three credible and/or scholarly resources sources in including the NAS report
  • Must document all sources in APA style
  • Must include a separate references page that is formatted according to APA style