Administration And Supervision In Criminal Justice – Chapter 9

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Required Textbook: Managing Criminal Justice Organizations: An Introduction to Theory and Practice, by Richard R.E. Kania and Richards P. Davis.

Chapter 9 Questions to be answered in APA format. No plagiarism.

1. Discuss the rising standards for education and criminal justice training in each of the major areas of criminal justice employment.

2. Debate the question of the competitive merits of a technical-professional versus a liberal arts preservice education for new criminal justice employees.

3. Discuss the relative merits and disadvantages of the three means of providing in-service training: OJT, in-house, and contracted-out training.

4. Explain Chris Argyris’s immaturity–maturity theory in terms of criminal justice employee socialization.

5. Explain the three stages in criminal justice employee socialization: anticipatory, formal, and informal.

6. Discuss a criminal justice manager’s socialization strategy options.

7. Know the meanings of the following commonly used abbreviations: AA, AAS, BA, BS, FTO, GED, LEAA, LEEP, MPA, MSW, OJT, and PERF

What psychological factors can explain the juvenile’s delinquent acts?

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Assignment: 1000 words total Juvenile Justice

1. Examine the data presented in Figure 3.2 on page 57. What trends in juvenile offending do you see as most pronounced? What is causing the current decrease in violent juvenile offenses? Why are the figures for property offenses relatively stable? Do you think the trend in violent offenses will change in the next few years? Why or why not?

2. You have been asked by your teacher friend to analyze how much crime exists in his/her school. What method(s) of measuring crime would you use to determine the level of crime in the school? What characteristics of the method(s) you choose make it/them better than the others? If you believe that the method(s) you have used show the most accurate level of crime in the school, what are your reasons for holding this position?

3. You work in the assessment unit of a juvenile institution for violent juvenile offenders. A juvenile is brought to the assessment unit who has been adjudicated delinquent for robbery and sexual assault. It is your job to find out what caused this individual to commit these acts and then develop a treatment plan for the juvenile. You evaluate the individual and find the following:

a. The juvenile is a well-muscled youth who has an aggressive personality.

b. The juvenile reports that his diet has been primarily comprised of “junk food,” especially foods that are high in sugar content.

c. The juvenile reports that his mother is currently in prison for dealing drugs. Upon further questioning, you discover that the mother has been abusing drugs for the past 20 years.

d. The juvenile does not appear to feel anxiety when faced with negative stimuli.

e. During the assessment, the juvenile is inattentive and has had a prior history of hyperactivity and impulsivity.

What factors can explain the juvenile’s delinquent acts? What treatment would you prescribe for this juvenile in order to overcome his biological problems? Which of the biological factors cannot be treated inside the institution?

4. You are employed at a facility that provides psychological treatment to juvenile delinquents. A juvenile is in your office who has committed several burglaries and auto thefts. Upon assessing the juvenile, you discover the following:

a. The juvenile does not feel remorse for his actions and argues that he committed the acts because it satisfied his need for money to repair his car so he could find a job. In addition, he states that committing delinquent acts really is not wrong unless the criminal is caught.

b. The juvenile also says that within the past six months he has been involved in several fights with strangers and acquaintances, and has set two cats on fire by pouring gasoline on them.

c. The juvenile has not been attending school on a regular basis since he was 12 years old.

d. The juvenile says that his friends also commit delinquent acts and they approve of his actions.

What psychological factors can explain the juvenile’s delinquent acts? What treatment would you prescribe for this juvenile?

Assignment -2 Criminal Law 1000 words

1. Sometimes people mistakenly say that the body of a murder victim provides the corpus delicti of the crime of murder. What actually constitutes the corpus delicti of murder?

2. What is the historical basis of the ex post facto and bill of attainder provisions, and why would they have application in today’s legal system?

3. Should vicarious criminal liability exist? What are the implications of holding a corporation liable for the actions of its employees? What about holding parents responsible for the actions of their children? Who benefits from such liability, and who can be harmed by it?

4. Narcissa, Carolyn, and Henry are drinking in a bar. All three were laid off from their jobs as bank tellers at 4EverSafe Bank three months earlier. They remain unemployed in spite of serious efforts by all three to find employment. Unhappy, broke, and drunk, the discussion turns to quick ways to make money. Narcissa comments, “We should rob 4EverSafe. We know how to do it.” Carolyn responds, “Really. 4 o’clock is the right time, right before the money is moved into the vault and the guards are transitioning.” Henry nods and says, “That is the right time,” and waves to the server to bring him another beer. The conversation about this subject continued for 15 minutes. During that time, they discussed the timing, point of entry, how they would disguise themselves, and where they would hide the stolen money. An hour later they all went their separate ways. The next day Narcissa called Carolyn and asked her to go with her to the store to purchase the disguises they had discussed in the bar, which they did.

While at the store, they decided that they would also need weapons for the robbery, so they each applied for a handgun license. They picked up the handguns together two days later after the background checks were completed. That evening, they met at Narcissa’s home to further discuss the plans and texted the following message to Henry from Carolyn’s phone: 2moro is the day in re money plan. B @ location at 3: 50. Nrssa & Crlyn. On her way home after leaving Narcissa’s, Carolyn was stopped by a police officer for speeding. He observed the mask, the new handgun, and a bag in the back seat of her car. He arrested her for the traffic violation and obtained a search warrant to seize the items in the back seat and to search through her phone. After reading the text sent to Henry, the officer concluded that she was a member of a conspiracy to commit a robbery.

After consulting with an attorney, Carolyn agreed to confess in exchange for a reduced charge. The next day, Narcissa arrived at the bank at the appointed time. Undeterred by the absence of Henry and Carolyn, she donned her mask, put the gun in her purse, and entered the bank, only to be surprised by the police. She was arrested, and all three— Narcissa, Carolyn, and Henry— were charged with attempted bank robbery and conspiracy to commit a robbery.

a. Applying the mere-preparation test for attempt, has Narcissa committed attempted robbery/conspiracy to rob? Has Carolyn? Has Henry? Explain.

b. Applying the overt-act test for attempt, has Narcissa committed attempted robbery/ conspiracy to rob? Has Carolyn? Has Henry? Explain.

c. Applying the substantial test for attempt, has Narcissa committed attempted robbery/conspiracy to rob? Has Carolyn? Has Henry? Explain.

Strain Theory

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Answer all questions.

  1. Define strain theory? Why is it a structural issue? Hint: So, people are taught to want things via culture/mass media, yes!  But, how do they get things (materialism)? What happens to people who want things but there is no ladder to reach things.  What do they do? They want the goals, the cars, money, etc., they accept the goals, but they have to “innovate” that is, go around the ladder because there is no ladder, to reach the goals.  And, others have many advantages to get things, so for them, not as much structural strain? The ladder is already there for them.  Money, social class, inheritance, is there so, no need to go around the ladder.
  2. Again, the strain comes from the culture putting it out there to want things, but, no way to get there for many. Except go around the system
  3. In what ways does do strain theories explain the behavior of street gangs?
  4. Which version of strain theories would best explain the over representation of of homicides in inner-city areas?
  5. According to general strain theory , what factors would likely lead to criminal behavior?
  6. According to Robert K. Merton there are 5 individual modes of adaptation to structural stress, not all of them deviant. People respond to this structural stress in different ways.  Explain in detail each of these 5 individual modes of adaptation. DO NOT merely list these modes, but EXPLAIN  EACH ONE.
  7. Thinking about your own life, what sorts of negative strains have you experiences? How did you deal with them? (negative strain=negative relationships one cannot escape from. Such as when adolescents cannot leave a relationship if they experiences them as “noxious.” And, if they try to escape from a bad situation they may then be arrested for truancy or running away)

Below are some ideas to think about concerning strain theory……for example:

  1. K. Cohen

1 Lower class Americans embrace the middle class ethic

2 Socialization of the lower class hinders their ability to compete

3 Decreased ability to compete produces strain

4 Increased strain produces identification with delinquent subculture

5 The delinquent subculture

Identification with delinquent subculture produces delinquent behavior

  1. Cloward and Ohlin
  2. Success ethic is a prized possession of all Americans
  3. Opportunities for success are not distributed equally through the class structure
  4. Blocked opportunities produce strain
  5. Strain produces delinquent subcultures

1) criminal subculture

2) conflict subculture

3) retreatist subculture

  1. Delinquent subcultures produce delinquent behavior?
  2. Impact on social policy?

1) Mobilization for Youth

2) War on Poverty (heroic theme)

  1. Adequacy of Strain Theory- conceptually
  2. determinism
  3. class
  4. American dream
  5. school failure
  6. sense of strain
  7. delinquent subculture

Do you believe that a victims’ rights amendment to the U. S. Constitution is needed to balance the rights of crime victims with those of suspects?

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ASSIGNMENT DUE 09/10/18 @1200 NOON. ALL WORK MUST BE ORIGINAL IN APA FORMAT. WORK WILL BE SUBMITTED TO TURN-IN IT. MINIMUM WORD COUNT IS 1500 WORDS EXCLUDING THE TITLE AND REFERENCE PAGE.

ASSIGNMENT:

1. If you were a sentencing judge, what kinds of information would you like a victim impact statement to contain?

2. Do you believe that a victims’ rights amendment to the U. S. Constitution is needed to balance the rights of crime victims with those of suspects? Why or why not?

3. How did the status of crime victims during the historical Golden Age of the Victim differ from the status of victims today? Discuss how a changed view of the nature of crime has affected the status of victims.

4. You work for a state legislator, Amy Vicrites. I. M. Swindler was convicted of defrauding thousands of people of hundreds of millions of dollars in retirement funds. He was convicted, sentenced to 40 years in prison, and fined $ 500,000, and is currently serving his prison sentence in one of your state’s prisons. As a consequence of the fine, successful lawsuits by the victims, and legal fees, Swindler is now broke. Indeed, over $200 million in losses to the victims have been lost. Swindler is charismatic and his case was a cause célèbre. As a result, he is still popular. To make money he posted the following items for sale on eBay:

A. Worked Rich, Retired Broke. He wrote a book detailing his crimes, the investigation of his crimes, his trial, and his incarceration. Price: $ 75.

B. Book with Autograph: A copy of Worked Rich, Retired Broke with his autograph. Price: $ 125.

Your state has a victims’ rights statute. The State Victim Support Agency sued Swindler under the law, seeking all of the revenues from his sales, which are estimated to be about $200,000. Swindler defended against the lawsuit by alleging that the law violated his First Amendment free speech rights by targeting his writings. The trial court, appellate court, and state supreme court all found for Swindler, dismissing the suit. Your boss, Vicrites, is furious, as are many people in the state. She has asked you to review the law and to revise the language to bring it into conformity with the First Amendment. She wants to retain the authority to prevent criminals from making money on their crimes in the future. She accepts that nothing can be done with Swindler.

Your Assignment: Revise the following statute in a way that retains the authority of the state to take the revenues earned from crimes by the perpetrators of crimes, to be distributed to the victims of the crimes or to the state if the victims have been fully compensated.  Explain why you added specific elements to the new statute.

Criminal Anti-Profit and Revenue Redistribution Law

Any person, organization, or entity that earns a profit from the writing, publishing, creating, distributing, or posting of a book, video, or other media about a crime for which there has been a conviction in a court of the state shall withhold 100% of the royalties and other revenues due to the person convicted of the crime(s) that is the subject of the writing, if any. The monies withheld under this provision shall be sent to the State Victim Support Agency and it shall distribute those funds to the victims of the crime or deposit them into the state’s victim support fund, as provided for elsewhere in these laws.