What challenges do women face upon reentry into society after prison?

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Discussion 4

Each of the following scenarios involves conduct/words that may, or may not be constitutionally objectionable.  Choose any one of the two following scenarios.  In 250-words or more, discuss/describe when “fighting words” and the advocacy of illegal conduct may be constitutionally prescribed. You must reply to at least one classmate’s posting in a minimum 150-word reply.Points will be deducted for failing to meet the requirements!

To get full credit you will need to:  Provide an example of researched, recent case law.

Scenarios:

  • Dick calls Harry a “damned fascist” and a “damned racketeer” in the presence of several people, while attending a crowded party. Is Dick’s expressive activity protected by the First Amendment?
  • Tom walks into a public park, sees two police officers, and exhorts 20 people who happen to be in the vicinity to: “Get your guns and come out shooting. That’s the only way to protect our liberties from big government.” Is Tom’s expressive activity protected by the First Amendment?

Chapter 11: Discussion

What challenges do women face upon reentry into society after prison?  How are thechallenges different for women and men?  What type of specific programs would you suggest we need to put in place to help meet some of these challenges?

Remember that your post must be at least 300 words and you are required to respond to a classmate with at least a 150 word response. You must put your word count BOTH at the end of your discussion and at the end of your reply.

You need to use one additional outside source besides your textbook to discuss the question. The source must be cited APA style at the end of the discussion. The outside source cannot be a dictionary like source (ie wikipedia, etc.). Here is a link for APA style to assist making your references correct.  Your source needs to be included at the end of your original discussion.  It will not count if it is posted in a separate posting after your discussion. 

5

The supervision

of women: COMMUNITY CORRECTIONS, REHABILITATION, AND REENTRY

SECTION XI

Mallicoat, Women and Crime: A Text/Reader 2e

© 2015 SAGE Publications, Inc.

Mallicoat, Women and Crime: A Text/Reader 2e  © 2015 SAGE Publications, Inc.

Gender-Responsive Programming

  • Cases challenging practices in women’s prisons focused on disparity between male and female inmates
  • Barefield v. Leach (1974)
  • Glover v. Johnson (1979)
  • Cooper v. Martin (1980)
  • Canterino v. Wilson (1982)

Mallicoat, Women and Crime: A Text/Reader 2e

© 2015 SAGE Publications, Inc.

Mallicoat, Women and Crime: A Text/Reader 2e  © 2015 SAGE Publications, Inc.

Gender-Responsive Programming

  • Recognition of the need for gender-responsive programming
  • OJJDP
  • Six key principles provide guidance for the effective management of female offenders (See Table 11.3)
  • Gender
  • Environment
  • Relationships
  • Services and supervision
  • Socioeconomic status
  • Community

Mallicoat, Women and Crime: A Text/Reader 2e

© 2015 SAGE Publications, Inc.

Mallicoat, Women and Crime: A Text/Reader 2e  © 2015 SAGE Publications, Inc.

The Supervision of Women in the Community

  • Probation allows offenders to remain in the community as long as they follow certain directives by the court
  • Community based services also struggle with being gender-responsive
  • Alternative to Incarceration programs
  • Focus on rehabilitation and restoration
  • Substance abuse treatment
  • Barriers to accessing services must be considered

Mallicoat, Women and Crime: A Text/Reader 2e

© 2015 SAGE Publications, Inc.

Mallicoat, Women and Crime: A Text/Reader 2e  © 2015 SAGE Publications, Inc.

The Supervision of Women in the Community

  • Need for assessment tools that are appropriate for use among female offenders
  • LSI-R and its limitations

Can lead to over-classification

Context of risk is not available

Failure to capture needs

  • Moving On, an effective community-based program
  • Found to reduce recidivism rates
  • New instruments
  • Highlight needs and interrelated issues
  • Wraparound services

Mallicoat, Women and Crime: A Text/Reader 2e

© 2015 SAGE Publications, Inc.

Mallicoat, Women and Crime: A Text/Reader 2e  © 2015 SAGE Publications, Inc.

Women on Parole

  • Parole has different meanings
  • Parole is a correctional strategy applied following offender’s release from prison
  • In 2011, 853, 900 people who were supervised, 1% of the parole population were women
  • The role of parole officers has shifted
  • High caseloads: ability to provide individualized cases to offenders are limited
  • Majority of time is spent waiting to respond if an when an offender violate the conditions of their release

Mallicoat, Women and Crime: A Text/Reader 2e

© 2015 SAGE Publications, Inc.

Mallicoat, Women and Crime: A Text/Reader 2e  © 2015 SAGE Publications, Inc.

Reentry Issues

  • Transitioning offenders back into their communities
  • May face the same issues as before
  • Needs and obligations
  • Need coping skills to deal with the stress of reentry
  • Effect of the “ex-offender”/“ex-con” label
  • Ban the Box campaign
  • Minnesota

Mallicoat, Women and Crime: A Text/Reader 2e

© 2015 SAGE Publications, Inc.

Mallicoat, Women and Crime: A Text/Reader 2e  © 2015 SAGE Publications, Inc.

Reentry Issues

  • Ongoing issues such as drug addiction
  • Primary factor for women who reoffend
  • Need for community-based resources
  • Health care
  • Need therapeutic support, not just medication
  • Public assistance limited
  • Welfare Reform Act
  • Impact of ban on drug offenders

Disproportionately affects women of color and their children

  • 39 states have rescinded the ban

Mallicoat, Women and Crime: A Text/Reader 2e

© 2015 SAGE Publications, Inc.

Mallicoat, Women and Crime: A Text/Reader 2e  © 2015 SAGE Publications, Inc.

Reentry Issues

  • Federal welfare law prohibits assistance in cases of probation or parole violations
  • Women who are eligible face delays in receiving services
  • Women in one study see welfare benefits as progress toward successful recovery and independence
  • Women have difficulty accessing services
  • Limited availability, inability to pay, family considerations

Mallicoat, Women and Crime: A Text/Reader 2e

© 2015 SAGE Publications, Inc.

Mallicoat, Women and Crime: A Text/Reader 2e  © 2015 SAGE Publications, Inc.

Reentry Issues

  • Stability is important to success
  • Positive mentors can provide significant support
  • Initiatives providing valuable resources during the reentry process
  • Ready4Work (2003)
  • Prisoner Reentry Initiative (2005)
  • Second Chance Act (2007)

Mallicoat, Women and Crime: A Text/Reader 2e

© 2015 SAGE Publications, Inc.

Mallicoat, Women and Crime: A Text/Reader 2e  © 2015 SAGE Publications, Inc.

Recidivism and Female Offenders

  • What counts as recidivism?
  • It can be hard to measure
  • Protective factors serve to inhibit recidivism for women
  • The most punitive punishment may be the least effective in terms of rehab and reentry efforts
  • Building resiliency for women in prison
  • Relationships can serve as buffers against criminal behavior
  • Positive family relationships
  • Pro-social relationships
  • Supportive significant others
  • Motherhood

Mallicoat, Women and Crime: A Text/Reader 2e

© 2015 SAGE Publications, Inc.

Mallicoat, Women and Crime: A Text/Reader 2e  © 2015 SAGE Publications, Inc.

Reading 21

  • Introduction
  • Contesting Stigma with Identity Talk
  • Erving Goffman
  • Stigmatizing characteristics
  • Epilepsy
  • HIV
  • Homelessness
  • The Stigma of a Criminal Record
  • Struggle to meet basic needs
  • The Parolee Identity
  • Method

Mallicoat, Women and Crime: A Text/Reader 2e

© 2015 SAGE Publications, Inc.

Mallicoat, Women and Crime: A Text/Reader 2e  © 2015 SAGE Publications, Inc.

Reading 21

    • Becoming US: Recrafting Personal Identity by Resisting Stigma
    • Building a Post-Drug Using Self
    • Reclaiming Motherhood: Connecting to a culturally Coveted Social Identity
    • Conclusions

 

Mallicoat, Women and Crime: A Text/Reader 2e

© 2015 SAGE Publications, Inc.

Mallicoat, Women and Crime: A Text/Reader 2e  © 2015 SAGE Publications, Inc.

Reading 22

  • Prison population rates
  • Four times as large as it was 25 years ago
  • Welcome Home Ministries
  • Peer-drive, faith-based organization
  • Located in Oceanside, CA
  • Developing Outcome Objectives
  • Mental illness, breast exams, hepatitis, tuberculosis, HIV, hypertension, eye health, medications, dental hygiene

Mallicoat, Women and Crime: A Text/Reader 2e

© 2015 SAGE Publications, Inc.

Mallicoat, Women and Crime: A Text/Reader 2e  © 2015 SAGE Publications, Inc.

Reading 22

  • Implications for Community and Public Health Nurses
  • Conclusion

Mallicoat, Women and Crime: A Text/Reader 2e

© 2015 SAGE Publications, Inc.

Mallicoat, Women and Crime: A Text/Reader 2e  © 2015 SAGE Publications, Inc.

Are Sexual Predators Genetically Programmed

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The following hypothetical is based on an actual case and court proceeding although some of the details have been changed.

A federal district court judge recently allowed an individual convicted of child sexual assault and possessing child pornography to spend the holidays with his family before beginning to serve a prison term.
Prosecutors had argued that the offender was a danger to the children of the community and asked for his immediate confinement. The offender told the judge he had been sexually abused as a child, and that this was the reason for his transgressions. He also indicated that he had been receiving treatment for his sexual behavior and now understood why he had behaved as he did.

The judge told the offender that the past victimization was not the explanation for his crimes; rather, he was “genetically programmed” to prefer children. The judge also indicated that he had “no faith in psychiatrists and their theories”.

Respond to the comments made by the judge, basing your responses on concepts and research covered in this chapter.

Using the Model Penal Code

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Mary ran a watch repair shop.  A customer brought her a very unusual and costly watch to repair.  Mary knew that she could not fix the watch, but out of curiosity she wanted to inspect it.  Therefore, she told the customer that she could do the job and took the watch.

Michael rented the shop and also an apartment above the shop to Mary.  That night as Michael happened by, he saw a light on in the shop and finding the door unlocked, decided to investigate.  While looking around the shop, Michael spotted the watch.  Supposing that the watch belonged to Mary, and recalling that she was much behind in her rent, Michael decided to take the watch and keep it until Mary paid.

Just as Michael was leaving the shop, Mary entered.  Afraid of an altercation, Michael tossed her the watch and ran out.  He was already well beyond throwing distance when Mary, by now enraged, picked up a heavy pendulum weight and hurled it at Michael.  The weight fell harmlessly to the ground.

Using the Model Penal Code- Answer the following:

Did Mary commit Embezzlement, Theft, Larceny or Robbery with respects to the watch? Discuss why. Remember to support your position.

Did Mary commit an Assault, a Battery or an “Assault and Battery” against Michael? Discuss why. Remember to support your position

Policy Solution Research Paper

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You will write a 12–15-page research-oriented paper. The paper must focus on policy analysis in corrections. The paper must also be in current APA format. The APA headers, as a minimum, must be APA Level 1 headings for Problem, Significance, and Solution.

The subthemes of the solution section must contain APA Level 2 headings or beyond. The paper must include a minimum of 12 references in addition to the class textbooks and the Bible. All references must be academic/peer reviewed sources. A minimum of 8 references must be recent peer reviewed sources published within the last five years.

You must choose a major criminal justice policy issue (excluding death penalty, legalization of marijuana, gun control, and any other topic deemed not acceptable by your instructor). The approach outlined below can be used for minor policy issues, major policy issues, minor budget issues, major budget issues, equipment implementation, and any issue dealing with a policy proposal.

  • Identify an issue that needs to be addressed.
  • Discuss the problem in a few brief paragraphs.
  • Discuss the significance of the problem (the significance discussion must contain the majority of your references). The significance section of the paper must contain why the issue is significant, what is being done by other departments or agencies, what law is applicable, and any other issues that can be identified as significant. This significance section of the paper must be thorough and leave no additional questions.
  • Propose a solution in the form of policy or guidance toward a policy. The solution must involve a minimum of 3 choices: do nothing, incremental approach, and full implementation. The solution section of the paper must have enough of an explanation of the solution so that an executive would be able to make an informed decision from your explanation. The solution must also have sub-themes. Some subthemes are: impact to department, impact to external stakeholders, and impact to budget. There may be other sub-themes in addition to or in replacement of those listed above.
  • Must have a section relating how a Christian worldview does or may change potential proposed solutions. This must be a section and not merely a sentence or two.