Completing A Qualitative Study

Directions:

1. Code the data.

2. Present the results in a table similar to Table 1 in Tables for Assignment document.

3. Create a codebook in a table similar to Table 2 in Tables for Assignment document.

Words or Phrases That Appear Frequently

4. Create a table for each theme similar to Table 3 in Tables for Assignment document.

Inductively Developed Themes

5. Write a report of the results. Include an introduction, discussion of your sample and instruments, data analysis, results, recommendations, and references.

6. See complete directions in “Assignments Document.”

Interview 2

 

1. Describe some student behaviors that you observe in your undergraduate classes that are problematic. What made them problematic? Give me an example from last week.

 

Some problematic behaviors are texting or surfing the Internet with cell phones during class, and talking to peers while I am trying to teach. Some students sit at the back of the classroom and state that they cannot hear. When asked to move up, they do not want to. Students sometimes do not prepare for class in terms of reading and/or pre-work. Then, the class does not progress as intended due to the fact that I have to direct teach the background information. This puts us behind schedule and does not let the students process information at the level needed. Other times I have an activity scheduled and students balk at the hands-on approach, preferring to “sit and get.” Last week, I had assigned a case study for students to read and be prepared to interact with others in their group to develop a solution. Not all of the students in two of the groups had done their part of the assignment or weren’t properly prepared, so this left the entire group without the ability to complete the classroom activity.

 

2.  Based on teaching experiences, how would you define incivility?

 

Incivility includes student or faculty behaviors that impact the culture and community of the class. Incivility can also include actions taken by students and/or faculty that interfere with teaching and learning.

 

3. What are some behaviors you would describe as uncivil? When was the last time this occurred? What happened?

 

· Students will text during class when I am trying to lecture or teach.

· Students will forget to set their cell phones to silent or will take a phone call during class time, starting the conversation even before they get out of the room.

· Students will come to class late and then disrupt class by asking the instructor to get them caught up.

· Students will “surf” the Internet rather than work on the class assignment.

· This happens on a regular basis in class. I think sometimes students feel that since they are paying for the classes, they can do what they want during class time.

 

4. Can you share one or two examples of student incivility that you have experienced in classes?

 

· I had one student in an online class who disagreed with the content on learning styles. He took one source that disputed the validity of learning styles as the sole word on the topic. Then, he was combative in the discussion forums, challenging others to the point that two students e-mailed me with concerns and refused to interact with him.

· Sometimes students challenge a grade. When I ask them to highlight where they feel they have addressed the part of the grade they challenged, they can’t do so and then still believe their grade should be changed.

 

5. How do you feel when students are uncivil?

 

Primarily, I feel disrespected and hurt. I go to great lengths to prepare for classes and don’t understand why students don’t want to engage and learn. When students are uncivil to each other, I feel the need to step in and focus the conversation and learning.

 

6.  What factors or situations contribute to student incivility in your classes?

 

· Students can actively contribute to incivility by interrupting class with ringing cell phones, talking above the lecture, coming in late, and leaving early. Not being prepared for class contributes to negative feelings among and between peers, especially during active learning. One unprepared student can impact the entire group.

· Students can passively demonstrate incivility by surfing the Internet, playing games on the cell phone, texting, etc.

 

 

7.  What strategies do you use to handle incidents of student incivility in your classes?

 

· I post a detailed syllabus and classroom policies that include a schedule and assignments so students can work ahead.

· In the beginning stages of a class I ask the students to create a set of norms that we can all follow to establish expectations for how we will treat each other.

· I am present and active in classroom discussions and in the discussion forum to redirect students if needed.

· Most importantly, I model the behaviors that I would like to see in students.

© 2016. Grand Canyon University. All Rights Reserved.

Probability And Statistical Analysis Worksheet

This worksheet provides you with experience in calculating (by hand or using Microsoft® Excel®) the formulas from the weekly readings.  Using these formulas and performing these calculations will provide you with an understanding of how and why statistical formulas work and what they mean. This worksheet also provides you the opportunity to interpret results in the context of specific problems, which will assist you in critically evaluating current research in your field.

  •   Title

    ABC/123 Version X

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      Probability and Statistical Analysis Worksheet

    PSYCH/625 Version 5

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    University of Phoenix Material

     

    Probability and Statistical Analysis Worksheet

     

    Complete Parts A, B, and C below.

     

    Part A

     

    1. Why is a z score a standard score? Why can standard scores be used to compare scores from different distributions? Why is it useful to compare different distributions?

     

    2. For the following set of scores, fill in the cells. The mean is 74.13 and the standard deviation is 9.98.

     

    Raw score Z score
    68.0 ?
    ? –1.6
    82.0 ?
    ? 1.8
    69.0 ?
    ? –0.5
    85.0 ?
    ? 1.7
    72.0 ?

     

     

    3. Questions 3a through 3d are based on a distribution of scores with and the standard deviation = 6.38. Draw a small picture to help you see what is required.

     

    a. What is the probability of a score falling between a raw score of 70 and 80?

    b. What is the probability of a score falling above a raw score of 80?

    c. What is the probability of a score falling between a raw score of 81 and 83?

    d. What is the probability of a score falling below a raw score of 63?

     

    4. Jake needs to score in the top 10% in order to earn a physical fitness certificate. The class mean is 78 and the standard deviation is 5.5. What raw score does he need?

     

     

    Part B

    The questions in Part B require that you access data from the Pulse Rate Dataset.

     

    The data is based on the following research problem:

    Ann conducted a study on the things that may affect pulse rate after exercising. She wants to describe the demographic characteristics of a sample of 55 individuals who completed a large-scale survey. She has demographic data on the participants’ gender (two categories), their age (open ended), their level of exercise (three categories), their height (open ended), and their weight (open ended).

     

    5. Using Microsoft® Excel® software, run descriptive statistics on the gender and level of exercise variables. From the output, identify the following:

     

    a. Percent of men

    b. Mode for exercise frequency

    c. Frequency of high level exercisers (exercise level 1) in the sample

     

    6. Using Microsoft® Excel® software, run descriptive statistics to summarize the data on the age variable, noting the mean and standard deviation. Copy and paste the output from Microsoft® Excel® into this worksheet.

     

     

    Part C

     

    Answer the questions below in at least 90 words. Be specific and provide examples when relevant.

     

    Cite any sources consistent with APA guidelines.

     

    Question Answer
    How does understanding probability help you understand inferential statistics?  
    When have you used probability in everyday life? How did you use it?  
    Which do you think would be a more serious violation: a Type I or Type II error? And why?  
    What are the characteristics that separate parametric and nonparametric tests?  
    What does statistical significance mean? How do you know if something is statistically significant? What is the difference between statistical significance and practical significance?  

     

     

     

    Copyright © XXXX by University of Phoenix. All rights reserved.

    Copyright © 2018 by University of Phoenix. All rights reserved.

Enemies And Spies Essay

The instruction is in highlight please no plagiarism

You are required to write an essay of at least 500 words in response to a provided prompt. You must support your assertions with at least 3 citations in current APA format. You may use the course textbooks, scholarly articles and the Bible as sources.  Please include a title page and reference page.

The book is

Integrative Approaches to Psychology and Christianity, 3rd Edition

An Introduction to Worldview Issues, Philosophical Foundations, and Models of Integration 2015 not 2010

by David N. Entwistle

Chapter 9,  Antagonistic Models of Disciplinary Relationship: Enemies

PSYC 420

Essay Topics

 

Essay 1 – Module/Week 2:

Topic: Epistemology Define epistemology and describe the 3 models of how certain we are that our perceptions mirror reality. Which position do you hold, and why? What are the different methods of knowing (see Entwistle chapter 5)? What are the limitations of these (or any) methods of knowing? What methods of knowing are appropriate for Christians, and why?

 

Essay 2 – Module/Week 3:

Topic: Philosophical Anthropology Define philosophical anthropology and compare the psychological and theological understandings of philosophical anthropology. Identify several distinct contributions offered by psychology that are absent (not offered in detail) from Christian theology. Identify several distinct contributions offered by Christian theology that are absent (or not offered in detail) from psychology. Are psychological and theological perspectives on philosophical anthropology ultimately opposed to and irreconcilable with each other, or can they be reconciled? Defend your answer.

 

Essay 3 – Module/Week 4:

Topic: Enemies and Spies

 

Choose 1 of the 2 prompts below on which to comment.

 

1. Entwistle asserts: “those with whom we disagree often have things to teach us… [we must] ask ourselves what is to be learned and appreciated” from those with whom we disagree. Identify at least 3 things that you appreciate/can learn from those who hold the secular combatants’ or Christian combatants’ versions of the Enemies model.

2. After reading chapter 9 and watching the Antagonism video, what concerns, if any, do you have about the influence of secular assumptions on the field of psychology? What concerns, if any, do you have about the claims and counsel of the nouthetic counseling movement?

 

Essay 4 – Module/ Week 5:

Topic: Colonialism and Neutral Parties

 

Choose 1 of the 2 prompts below on which to comment.

 

1. The Colonialist model ostensibly recognizes the value of psychology, but it does not typically result in deep engagement with the findings or methods of psychology. How might this be applied to a topic such as eating disorders or depression? What would be some of the advantages and disadvantages of this approach?

 

2. Entwistle distinguishes between scriptural authority and theological interpretation. Do you agree? Why might this distinction be important? Support your view with an example.

 

Essay 5 Module/Week 6:

 

Topic: Allies and Transformational Psychology

 

Choose 1 of the 2 prompts below on which to comment.

 

1. Entwistle noted that “theological reflection typically focuses more on God’s workings in the world,” while “psychological reflection typically focuses more on the workings of God’s world.” What implications does this have for the relationship between psychology and Christianity?

2. Kepler saw astronomers as “priests of Almighty God” who have “the honour of standing guard…at the door of the shrine at whose high altar Copernicus performs divine service.” How might this sentiment apply to all of us who study the book of God’s Works? How can we heed Kepler’s warning to “not consider the glory of our intellects, but the glory of God” in our academic and disciplinary pursuits?

 

Page 3 of 3

Article Interrogation

In  500-600 words for each article (1,000-1,200-words total), interrogate  each of your articles from Topic 4, using the four big validities. For  each article, work through the four big validities in turn, indicating  whether the article does a good or bad job on each front. As you write,  keep in mind that you are demonstrating your mastery of this material!  Show that you know how to ask questions about each of the four validities, show that you know what the answers to these questions mean.  Finally, show that you understand what it means to prioritize validities as you interrogate a study.

Please see the attached document (Article Interrogation) under the assignment tab for the detailed information on this assignment.

PSY-260 Introduction to Psychological Research and Ethics

Article Interrogation

 

Examine each of your articles using the four big validities. For each article, work through the four big validities in turn, indicating whether the article does a good or bad job on each front. As you write, keep in mind that you are demonstrating your mastery of this material! Demonstrate that you know how to ask questions about each of the four validities and that you know what the answers to these questions mean. Finally, demonstrate that you understand what it means to prioritize validities as you interrogate a study.

 

Details:

Construct validity: Evaluate the measures and manipulations

Restate each variable and how it was operationalized. (“They operationalized ___ by doing _____”). After you describe each measure or manipulation, indicate any reliability and validity information provided in the article (take a look at Figure 5.7). Do they give Cronbach’s alphas; if so, what are they? Are they good or bad? Do they give interrater reliabilities; if so, what are they? Do they give any evidence for predictive or concurrent validity, perhaps to referring to how the measure has been used in past research? Using this information, give your assessment—is each measure reliable and valid? If such information is not included, then evaluate that—what would you like to see?

For manipulated variables, are the manipulations construct valid, in your opinion? (See Chapter 10). If it’s a manipulated variable, do they do any manipulation checks to show you that their manipulation did what they intended it to do? Does the manipulation have face validity?

 

Statistical validity: Evaluate how strongly the results support their argument.

For each major result, evaluate its effect size to the best of your ability. State the effect size if it’s given in terms you understand (e.g., r or d). If it’s a beta in a regression table, how big is the beta for the main variable of interest, compared to the others on the table? Are the major effects statistically significant? What does this mean?

As you evaluate statistical validity, discuss how strongly and how well the results pattern supported the authors’ hypotheses. See if you can evaluate how strong the result is in some “real world” terms, like an increase in IQ points or a weight loss of some number of pounds, or a reaction time in seconds.

 

Internal validity: Can the study support a causal claim? Does it intend to?

First, state what specific causal claim the researchers wish to make (if it’s an experiment) or might wish to make (if it’s a correlational study).

If it’s an experiment, apply the causal rules, including the internal validity threats in Table 11.1. Do any apply to your article? If not, what is your overall evaluation? Can they make a causal statement?

 

 

 

If it’s a multiple regression design, apply the causal rules, and for internal validity, review what variables were controlled for in the design. Can you think of any other third variables? What is your overall evaluation? Can they make a causal statement?

Before criticizing for third variables, remember that a confound is a problem with systematic variance (a true confound) and not unsystematic variance (an obscuring factor).

Thus, if you think that some people in the study might have been in a bad mood, that will not be a confound unless people in only one group were in a bad mood, and the others were not.

 

External validity: To whom or to what other contexts can the results be generalized?

External validity addresses two issues: to whom (if anyone) can the results be generalized, and to what other situations or settings? Remember that it’s how a sample is drawn, not how many people are in it, that determines external validity. Consult Figure 7.5 for a reminder. Also, remember that in many studies, external validity is not the first priority. Your evaluation should acknowledge this and explain why.

 

Each article should be 500-600-words each for a total of 1,000-1,200-words.

Prepare this assignment according to the guidelines found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center.

This assignment uses a rubric. Please review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the expectations for successful completion.

You are required to submit this assignment to Turnitin. Please refer to the directions in the Student Success Center.

 

Research Methods in Psychology, 2e © W. W. Norton & Company, Inc.

By Beth Morling