Assignment:  Detecting Plagiarism

The following questions present a passage from a book chapter for APA and a student’s attempt to paraphrase or summarize the passage.

A)  Read both passages carefully

B)  Decide whether the student has plagiarized the scholar’s writing. Justify your response.

Original text

Primarily girls are told by advertisers that what is most important about them is their perfume, their clothing, their bodies, their beauty. Their “essence” is their underwear. “He says the first thing he noticed about you is your great personality,” says an ad featuring a very young woman in tight jeans. The copy continues, “He lies.” “If this is your idea of a great catch,” says an ad for a cosmetic kit from a teen magazine featuring a cute boy, “this is your tackle box.” Even very little girls are offered makeup and toys like Special Night Barbie, which shows them how to dress up for a night out. Girls of all ages get the message that they must be flawlessly beautiful and, above all these days, they must be thin.

Even more destructively, they get the message that this is possible, that, with enough effort and self-sacrifice, they can achieve this ideal. Thus many girls spend enormous amounts of time and energy attempting to achieve something that is not only trivial but also completely unattainable. The glossy images of flawlessly beautiful and extremely thin women that surround us would not have the impact they do if we did not live in a culture that encourages us to believe we can and should remake our bodies into perfect commodities. These images play into the American belief of transformation and ever-new possibilities, no longer via hard work but via purchase of the right products.

Taken from:  Kilbourne, Jean. (1999). ‘The more you subtract, the more you add’: Cutting girls down to size. In Can’t buy my love: How advertising changes the way we think and feel (pp. 128-154). New York, NY: Simon & Schuster.

Student Summary #1:

In our current society women are constantly told that only their appearance matters, that what is most important about them is their perfume, their clothing, their bodies, their beauty. Advertisements constantly bombard women with images of perfect supermodels, and then these women hold themselves up to the ideal that they must be flawlessly beautiful and, above all these days, they must be thin. These images play into the American belief of transformation and ever-new possibilities, no longer via hard work but via purchase of the right products.

1)  Is this summary plagiarized?  Yes or no?  Explain your answer.

Student Summary 2:

According to Kilbourne (1999), advertisements manipulate women in two ways. First, they present an image of perfect, flawless beauty–with an emphasis on thinness– as the ideal that each woman must achieve in order to feel good about herself. Second, that ideal is indeed possible to achieve, if the woman-consumer buys just one more product. Women themselves become the commodity as they purchase more and more products to achieve the impossible ideal (p. 132).

2)  Is this summary plagiarized?  Yes or no?  Explain your answer.

Student Summary 3:

These ads featuring flawless, beautiful and extremely thin women that surround us are important because we live in a culture that encourages us to believe we can and should remake our bodies into perfect commodities. We ourselves become the products. (Kilbourne, 1999).

3)  Is this summary plagiarized?  Yes or no?  Explain your answer.

Student Summary 4:

The problem is not simply that these ads featuring flawlessly beautiful women constantly bombard us. The second part of advertising’s manipulation is that we live within a culture that tells us we can remake ourselves into whatever we want to become–if we only work hard enough to do so. When paired with the unattainable ideal of flawless beauty, this hard work is really nothing more than the message to buy, buy, buy. The woman herself becomes the commodity (Kilbourne, 1999, p. 132).

4)  Is this summary plagiarized?  Yes or no?  Explain your answer.

Student Summary 5:

As Kilbourne (1999) asserts, these flashy pictures and images of beautiful, thin, sexy women are everywhere around us. However, they would not affect us as much as they do if our culture didn’t encourage us to believe we can and should recreate our bodies into perfect products as well.

5)  Is this summary plagiarized?  Yes or no?  Explain your answer.

Intelligence: From Theory to Test

Resources

Microsoft Word icon Attributes and Evaluation of Discussion Contributions.

PDF icon Professional Communications and Writing Guide.

In this unit, you are introduced to a variety of theories of intelligence, including Spearman’s two-factor theory (1927), Cattell-Horn’s two-factor theory (1966), Luria’s information processing approach (1966), Cattell-Horn and Carroll’s CHC model (1997), and Carroll’s three-stratum theory (1997).

For this discussion:

•Describe how these theories differ in regard to the ever-reversing role of general intellectual ability factor (g).

•Explain how these theories are relied upon in each of the following current tests that you also read about in this unit. Please note that some of these tests may now rely on more than one theory, or a theory different than the original versions of the same test. Subsequently, you will need to address such multiple contributions and only for the versions listed below (for example, fifth edition).

◦Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children, fourth and fifth editions.

◦Kaufman Assessment Battery for Children, second edition.

◦Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scales, fifth edition.

◦Woodcock-Johnson Tests of Cognitive Abilities, third or fourth editions.

•Explain your thoughts regarding an intelligence test that has a dual theoretical basis, based on your readings and review of the theoretical influences on these tests. Explain your position by including consideration of validity.

•Explain which theory of intelligence you find yourself most affiliated with in the context of your professional goals. Explain how your selected theoretical model aligns with your interests and career.