School of Behavioral Sciences

Doctoral project Manual

2016

California Southern University

930 Roosevelt

Irvine, CA 92620

800-477-2254

www.calsouthern.edu

All rights reserved.

CalSouthern Faculty and/or Doctoral Candidates may reproduce any part of this document for use in conjunction with their assignments at the University.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

SECTION ONE: THE DOCTORAL PROJECT

Doctoral Project Committee 6

Continuous Enrollment .6

Selecting the Doctoral Project Topic .6

Proposal 7

SECTION TWO: THE DOCTORAL PROJECT COMMITTEE

Composition and Selection of the Committee 8

Responsibilities of the Committee 9

Functions of the Committee Members 11

Functions of the Chair 12

Working with the Committee Chair 13

SECTION THREE: PROCEDUREs FOR OBTAINING ETHICAL APPROVAL

Institutional Review Board Application Process 14

Researcher Responsibility 14

Ethical Principles 15

SECTION FOUR: FORMAT SPECIFICATIONS

Manuscript Submission 17

Format/Text Spacing 17

Margins 17

Title 17

Pagination 17

Headings 18

Length 18

Verb Tense 18

References 18

Table of Contents 18

Tables, Charts, and Photographs 18

SECTION FIVE: GENERAL REQUIREMENTS

Submission …….19

Copyright Release Agreement 19

Regulations Regarding Joint Authorship 19

Publishing of Doctoral Projects 19

Copyrighting of Doctoral Project 19

SECTION SIX: RESEARCH APPROACHES TO THE DOCTORAL PROJECT

Theoretical Study 20

A Qualitative Study 20

A Quantitative Study 20

Mixed Methods Study 20

Structure of the Doctoral Project 21

Title Pages 21

Chapter One: Overview of the Study 21

Chapter Two: Review of the Literature 22

Chapter Three: Methodology 23

Theoretical/Thematic Study 23

Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Methods Studies 23

Chapter Four: Results 24

Chapter Five: Discussion of Findings 25

Reference List and Appendices 25

Abstract. 26

Doctoral Project Resources 26

SECTION SEVEN: THE ORAL DEFENSE

Process 27

Oral Defense Format 27

APPENDICES

Appendix A: Sample List of Doctoral Project Titles. 29

Appendix B: Committee Form. 31

Appendix C: Change of Committee Form. 32

Appendix D: Institutional Review Board Application 34

Appendix E: Guidelines and Sample Statements of Informed Consent 38

Example I 39

Example II 41

Example III 42

Example IV 43

Appendix F: IRB Completion Form 44

Appendix G: Doctoral Project Assessment Rubric. 45

Appendix H: Doctoral Project Checklist. 50

Appendix I: Tips for Completing the Doctoral Project …………. 52

Appendix J: Sample Copyright Release Agreement 54

Appendix K: Sample Approval Page…………. 55

Appendix L: Sample Title Page …………. 56

Appendix M: Sample Copyright Page …………. 57

Appendix N: Sample Title Pages …………. 58

SECTION ONE

THE DOCTORAL PROJECT

The Doctoral Project represents the capstone of the doctoral candidate’s entire doctoral studies and deserves the doctoral candidate’s fullest attention. Because of the specialized nature of the Doctoral Project, the concise academic writing style and processes may seem intimidating; the purpose of this manual is to help demystify this process. Although Doctoral Project topics exhibit as much diversity and individuality as doctoral candidates themselves, the candidate’s writing process is governed by standardized guidelines. Many of the guidelines are intended as suggestions or inspiration for how to proceed to best present the unique topic, research, and findings from the candidate’s research. Other guidelines outline the technical or procedural requirements for completing the Doctoral Project process at California Southern University.

Doctoral Project Committee

The Committee consists of at least three members: the Chair and two other Committee Members. The Chair is designated as the one who guides the doctoral candidate through the procedural steps of completing the Doctoral Project and who is primarily responsible for managing the candidate through the writing and research processes. The Committee Members serve as consultants and as quality control monitors of the Doctoral Project. A detailed description of each Committee Member’s duties is included in Section Two of this manual.

Continuous Enrollment

A potential candidate for the PsyD degree must not have a lapse in enrollment in the series of Doctoral Project courses. If additional time is needed to complete any of the courses, the doctoral candidate must request an extension and re-enroll in the appropriate course and pay the tuition for that course. Continuous enrollment will only be permitted when the doctoral candidate demonstrates satisfactory academic progress toward completing the Doctoral Project requirements. The Doctoral Project Chair and Committee Members determine satisfactory academic progress.

Selecting the Doctoral Project Topic

The University encourages Doctoral Projects that extend the work of the doctoral candidate’s profession into emerging fields of inquiry which address contemporary issues. The doctoral candidate is encouraged to select a topic that falls within the scope of his or her expertise, interest, and career objectives.

The candidate may select and reject several topics before the right topic finally resonates. Usually, initial ideas in a Doctoral Project are revised several times. There are several reasons why ideas are revised: the topic is too broad; the topic is too narrow; time-limit constraints exist, and/or accessibility of participants hinders the scope of the study. During the process of selection, it is advisable for the candidate to conduct preliminary library research. For example, exploring Doctoral Project Abstracts for a wide range of research methods is useful. For a Sample List of Doctoral Projects Topics, see Appendix A.

The doctoral candidate will find it worthwhile to spend time researching and possibly rejecting a topic. This process creates a solid foundation for exploring the subject the doctoral candidate initially chooses. Often efforts devoted to those abandoned topics have a way of resurfacing for consideration in future projects.

Proposal

The candidate will complete a Proposal which is a brief overview of the Doctoral Project, providing sufficient information about the work the candidate is proposing, providing information on how the candidate plans to do the research, and explaining the value of this work. The document is 4-7 pages and will be completed in the first Doctoral Project course, PSY 87991.

The Proposal will contain the following parts: Introduction, Background of the Problem, Statement of the Problem, and Purpose of the Study (with Research Questions).

Introduction (no heading): The introduction puts the study in perspective for the reader. The introduction also acquaints the reader with the topic and the methodology used to study the problem. Introduce key areas of the study which support the aim of the study. Finish with the aim of the study.

Background of the Problem: Articulates why the topic is being studied. Why is the problem of pressing societal concern or theoretical interest? Describe the societal situation and the problem that the doctoral candidate will address by conducting the project. Information to be included is relevant historical and statistical information. Establish the disparities, discrepancies, issues, or challenges relevant to the key areas of your study. The background of the problem illustrates why the topic is appropriate, worthwhile, and feasible.

Statement of the Problem: The statement of the problem situates the key areas of the study in the existing literature. Above you would have detailed major issues or concerns, here using the current literature establish the focus of your study. Establish a benchmark or the parameters of the study using what is known and unknown from the literature. This discussion will mirror your Chapter 2.

Purpose of the Study: Articulate the purpose (how you are going to approach the research problem) and state the research questions. The questions for research should be comprehensive and reflect the major areas of the study and relevant to the selected phenomenon.

SECTION TWO

THE DOCTORAL PROJECT COMMITTEE

Within this section are the guidelines for establishing the Doctoral Project Committee. Included is an outline of the roles and the processes Committee Members will follow in assisting the doctoral candidate to reach his or her goal. The Chair’s functions are also detailed.

Composition and Selection of the Committee

The Doctoral Project Committee is composed of at least three members of the University Faculty. The doctoral candidate will be given a list to choose from of Doctoral Project Chairs as well as Committee Members by their Academic Advisor at the time of enrollment in the first doctoral project class. At the doctoral candidate’s request, and with the pre-approval of the Chair, additional qualified individuals will be appointed to serve on the Doctoral Project Committee. The doctoral candidate will complete and submit the Doctoral Project Committee form for approval to the Chair and the Dean. All requests for outside committee members need to be in writing to the Chair and will be approved by the Dean prior to submission of the committee form. Please see Appendix B for a copy of the Doctoral Project Committee form. The committee must be approved before the end of the first course.

All Committee Members shall have earned doctoral degrees from institutions. The doctoral candidate must submit the form for signature by the committee members.

The Chair of the Committee and a majority of the committee members shall have degrees related to the doctoral candidate’s academic area of study.

All committee members shall have been active in their fields of scholarship or profession within the 5-year period preceding their participation on the Doctoral Project Committee and have an interest and/or expertise in the area of the doctoral candidate’s Doctoral Project.

Generally, change of committee requests are an exception in the doctoral project process. Doctoral candidates which request a change of committee must submit a Doctoral Project Change in Committee form for approval by the Chair and Dean. Changes for one committee member are reviewed and approved by the Dean. Review and approval for changes to the committee consisting of two or more members is forwarded to the Dean for Academic Review Board approval. Please see Appendix C for a copy of the Doctoral Project Change of Committee form.

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Responsibilities of the Committee

The Doctoral Project process provides the doctoral candidate with six formal evaluations. This is to ensure that the candidate passes through the process of academic rigor and that quality standards are maintained. For each course in the Doctoral Project sequence, a specific evaluative and grading process is followed. See course sequencing which follows.

First Course	PSY 8997A	PSY 97991
Second Course	PSY 8997B	PSY 97992
Third Course	PSY 8998A	PSY 97993
Fourth Course	PSY 8998B	PSY 97994
Fifth Course	PSY 89999	PSY 97995

The Chair will work with the committee members of the Doctoral Project Committee from the first Doctoral Project course, PSY 87991 through the successful completion of Chapters 1-5 ending with PSY 87995. All committee members will indicate approval of Chapter 1-3 prior to the submission of the IRB application. The primary focus at this point is to ensure all instruments, data analysis, and collection are appropriate for the proposed study. Upon the completion of Chapters 1 -3 if an editor is warranted the candidate should be notified that the editor is required and may not move forward until the required edits are completed. The committee members will continue throughout the Doctoral Project sequence, concluding with PSY 87995.

As the project is reviewed by the committee, dialogue takes place between the committee members and the Chair until a consensus is reached when changes are submitted to the learner and successfully incorporated. Within the first class, the Proposal must be completed and approved before Chapter One is written. Once the final submission of Chapter One is submitted and approved by the Chair, he/she will submit a final grade for the course. The Chair will submit the draft to the committee for approval. If the doctoral candidate needs additional time to complete the work successfully, he/she has the option to request an extension or repeat the course if significant changes are required. Candidates and faculty are required to utilize the Doctoral Project Assessment Rubric form found in Appendix G and details the guidelines on which the candidate’s manuscript will be evaluated. Once PSY 87991 Chapter One is completed and approved, the doctoral candidate may enroll in the next course.

An important aspect to understand is the Doctoral Project is an ongoing academic dialogue on a select research topic which will require continuous engagement and refinement throughout the completion of the doctoral project. Due to the progressive development of the project the draft requires continuous revisions and modification to reflect the growing expertise of the doctoral candidate. Therefore, the completion of a course reflects the rudimentary understanding of the components of a specific course. The very nature of the Doctoral Project requires continuous refinement and revisions to all chapters as the doctoral candidate becomes more knowledgeable and develops greater expertise on the subject.

For the rest of the Doctoral Project courses, PSY 87992, PSY 87993, PSY 87994, and PSY 87995, the above process is repeated with all assignments being required and approved by the Chair.

This overall evaluative process ensures that all doctoral research is built on a solid foundation resulting in a doctoral project that helps advance research and scholarship within the field of psychology. Specific requirements for each course are as follows:

1. The doctoral candidate is not permitted to enroll in PSY 87991, Doctoral Project 1, until that candidate’s Academic Advisor gives approval. Approval is contingent upon the successful completion of all academic courses prior to the Doctoral Project series; the successful completion of their comprehensive exam; the acceptability of the doctoral candidate’s academic performance (GPA of 3.0 or higher). A review of previous work and an interview may be required. This constitutes the first formal evaluation of the potential doctoral candidate in the Doctoral Project process.

2. Acceptance of Chapter 1 by the doctoral candidate’s Chair and Doctoral Project Committee marks the satisfactory completion of PSY 87991. With the completion of all course requirements as outlined in the PSY 87991 syllabus, the submission of the Grade Report for successfully completing PSY 87991 constitutes the second formal evaluation. If the doctoral candidate does not meet the course requirements within the time frame of the term, he or she will be given an “Unsatisfactory” for the course. The doctoral candidate will have to re-enroll in the course until the requirements are met. This will result in additional tuition.

3. Upon the successful completion of PSY 87991, the doctoral candidate is enrolled in PSY 87992, Doctoral Project 2. In this course, emphasis is placed on the doctoral candidate writing Chapter 2. Acceptance of Chapter 2 by the doctoral candidate’s Chair and Doctoral Project Committee marks the satisfactory completion of PSY 87992.The submission of the Grade Report for successfully completing PSY 87992 serves as the third formal evaluation. If the doctoral candidate does not complete the course assignments within the time frame of the term, he or she will be given an “Unsatisfactory” for the course. The doctoral candidate will have to re-enroll in the course until the requirements are met. This will result in additional tuition.

4. Upon the successful completion of PSY 87992, the doctoral candidate is enrolled in PSY 87993, Doctoral Project 3. In this course, emphasis is placed on the candidate’s writing Chapter 3. Acceptance of Chapter 3 by the doctoral candidate’s Chair and Doctoral Project Committee marks the satisfactory completion of PSY 87993. The submission of the Grade Report for successfully completing PSY 87993 serves as the fourth formal evaluation. If the doctoral candidate does not meet the course requirements within the time frame of the term, he or she will be given an “Unsatisfactory” for the course. The doctoral candidate will have to re-enroll in the course until the requirements are met. This will result in additional tuition.

5. Upon the successful completion of PSY 88993, the doctoral candidate is enrolled in PSY 87994, Doctoral Project 4. In this course, emphasis is placed on the doctoral candidate writing Chapters 4 and 5. Acceptance of Chapters 4 and 5 by the doctoral candidate’s Chair and Doctoral Project Committee marks the satisfactory completion of PSY 87994.The submission of the Grade Report for successfully completing PSY 87994 serves as the fifth formal evaluation. If the doctoral candidate does not meet the course requirements within the time frame of the term, he or she will be given an “Unsatisfactory” for the course. The doctoral candidate will have to re-enroll in the course until the requirements are met. This will result in additional tuition.

6. Upon satisfactorily completing PSY 87994, the doctoral candidate is enrolled in PSY 87995, Doctoral Project 5. Within this course, the doctoral candidate works closely with his or her Chair in refining Chapter 1 through Chapter 5. Any necessary editing should be completed at this stage. Acceptance of Chapter 1-5 by the doctoral candidate’s Chair and Doctoral Project Committee marks the satisfactory completion of PSY 87995. After receiving institutional approval of the written manuscript, the candidate may then proceed with the oral defense. The submission of the Grade Report for successfully completing PSY 87995 constitutes the sixth and final formal evaluation. If the doctoral candidate does not meet the course requirements within the time frame of the term, he or she will be given an “Unsatisfactory” for the course. The doctoral candidate will have to re-enroll in the course until the requirements are met. This will result in additional tuition.

Functions of the Committee Members

Members of the Committee will collaborate throughout the Doctoral Project process. All communication must be with the chair exclusively. The chair will disseminate information and communication from the learner to the Committee Members. Upon receiving feedback from the Committee Members, the Chair will then communicate the Committee’s responses to the learner.

The committee members perform the following functions:

Evaluate the doctoral candidate’s submission of Doctoral Project Chapters 1 – 5 and submits written comments to the Chair who will then evaluate them and forward appropriate comments to the candidate. Drafts are submitted to the committee for review with the Doctoral Project Assessment Rubric as noted above in each evaluation phase of the Doctoral Project.

Committee members will attend the Oral Defense of the Doctoral Project either in person or via audio or video conference calls.

Sign the Doctoral Project Approval Page via an online signature and submits the form to the Doctoral Project Chair.

Functions of the Chair

The Committee Chair is a member of the University’s Faculty. The Chair is responsible for overseeing the Doctoral Project process and ensures the integrity of the University’s Doctoral Project guidelines. The Chair coordinates the activities of the Committee Members so that the Committee’s work proceeds in a timely fashion. All documents are sent to the Chair only. The Chair, in turn, sends documents to the committee members.

The Chair fulfills the following responsibilities:

1. Reviews Chapters 1 – 5 of the Doctoral Project and coordinates necessary revisions with the doctoral candidate.

2. Sends copies of Chapters 1 – 5 to the Committee Members during each course for review when the Chair has approved them. Each member will return reviewed Chapters directly to the Chair with comments and suggestions that will be in turn sent to the doctoral candidate as the Chair agrees. Any discussion of changes that may be needed will occur with the Chair and committee and not with the doctoral candidate.

3. After approval of all three chapters by the committee the Chair ensures that IRB approval has been received before the doctoral candidate begins data collection for Chapter 4.

4. Coordinates any required changes in the Doctoral Project from all of the Committee Members and grants final approval of both the project along with the power point presentation before the oral defense, as well as gain institutional approval. When institutional approval is obtained, a defense date will then be scheduled.

5. Presides at the doctoral candidate’s Oral Defense.

6. When the defense has been successfully passed, the Chair notifies the Doctoral Project Coordinator to complete the Doctoral Project Approval Page and to secure the signatures of the committee.

7. Reviews final draft and provides recommendation for upload to the university librarian.

8. Files the PSY 87995 Grade.

Working with the Committee Chair

The doctoral candidate’s progress through the Doctoral Project process moves more efficiently when the candidate works closely with the Doctoral Project Chair. For example, the Chair working in conjunction with the Committee Members may suggest the doctoral candidate reduce the scope of the project or narrow the focus of the research in order to create a workable project. In another instance, the scope may need to be widened for a thorough investigation of the topic to have been completed.

SECTION THREE:

PROCEDURES FOR OBTAINING ETHICAL APPROVAL

All students at California Southern University are required to comply with the ethical standards set down by the American Psychological Association for conducting research. All doctoral candidates are required to submit an Institutional Review Board (IRB) application to his or her Chair during the completion of Chapter Three. Approval of the IRB application must be received from the California Southern Institutional Review Board prior to any data collection (See Appendix D for a copy of the IRB Application). IRB Guidelines and resources can be found under University resources.

Note: Those doctoral candidates not using human participants are also required to complete the IRB application. This ensures the Learners understand the ethical considerations of conducting research and assert no participants are included in the research.

Institutional Review Board Application Process

The Institutional Review Board Application process is as follows:

1. The Doctoral Project Chair reviews and approves the application and forwards to the Dean of the School of Behavioral Sciences for review by the IRB Representative.

2. When approved the application will then be submitted to the CalSouthern IRB Board for final approval.

3. The CalSouthern IRB Board reviews the application and notifies the IRB representative of approval, who then notifies the Doctoral Project Chair of approval or indicates the necessary changes to be made for resubmission to the IRB Board.

Researcher’s Responsibility

An approved IRB application must be on file before any work is conducted with or data gathered from any human subject. The purpose of submitting the doctoral candidate’s design to this careful review is to protect and ensure the safety of all participants, the researcher, and the University. The researcher’s responsibility when working with human participants is as follows:

1. The ultimate responsibility for ensuring the safety of all research participants rests with the doctoral candidate, the researcher.

2. The doctoral candidate must receive written consent from any participant(s) before the initiation of the study. Informed Consent Guidelines for Research with Human Participants can be found in Appendix E. Minors cannot sign the informed consent form. It must be signed by their parents or legal guardian(s). Minors must give assent to participation according to their age level. For Sample Statements of Informed Consent, see Appendix E).

3. In cases where the researcher wishes to utilize records or case notes gathered under the auspices of another institution (hospital or clinic) or interact with human participant(s) under the auspices of another institution, the researcher will need the appropriate director or officer of that institution to sign an agreement form and provide the agreement form with the IRB application. In such cases, please consult with the Doctoral Project Chair.

4. When the project is complete, the doctoral candidate ensures the completion of the IRB Completion Form (see Appendix F) and submits the form to the School of Behavioral Sciences IRB Representative. There are a number of regulations to consider to determine how long you are required to store records after the completion of research. Note you must keep records for the longest applicable period of time.  Federal regulations require the securement of research records for at least 3 years after the completion of the research (45 CFR 46.115). Other standards may also be applicable to storing records. HIPAA regulations require records to be retained for at least 6 years after a participant has signed an authorization. You must keep your research records for at least 3 years. Use the longest applicable standard.

Ethical Principles

The doctoral candidate must keep the following basic ethical principles in mind when developing the research design and completing the IRB (APA, 2010):

· Respect for Persons: Individuals must be treated as free and autonomous. Participants must freely agree, in writing, to participate in the doctoral candidate’s study with no coercion or harmful consequences should they elect not to participate. Participants must be free to end their participation in the candidate’s study at any stage during its development. Participants with diminished capacity must also be respected and protected. The ability for self-determination can become limited due to illness, mental disability, or physical circumstances, therefore, investigators must protect the welfare of people who participate in their research. This includes maintaining confidentiality in terms of their participation and the data collected from their participation.

· Beneficence: This principle involves not harming the participant physically, emotionally, or psychologically. It relates to the Hippocratic Oath: “Do no harm.” Even though all efforts will be taken to limit unpleasant effects, participants must be advised that there is a possibility that unpleasant thoughts, feelings, or emotions may surface. The researcher will maximize the benefit and minimize any harm or risk to the participants in the study.

· Justice: The burden for research should be fairly distributed and related to the problem the researcher is studying. In addition, participants have a right to know the purpose of the research. General deception should only be used if the study may not be meaningfully conducted without it. If deception is necessary, it must be stated forthrightly in the IRB.

· Physical harm: Subtle physical risk may go undetected; however, even subtle risks must be addressed.

· Psychological risk: Psychological stress is a risk factor that needs to be clearly assessed. Probing questions can cause considerable discomfort; certain topics may generate embarrassment or discomfort; psychological issues and painful memories may be reactivated. The documentation the doctoral candidate presents to the participants must accurately reflect these considerations.

· Transference with the use of patients as research participants: In most cases, the University recommends against the use of patients for research purposes when such research would take place concurrent with a therapeutic relationship. Such a situation can constitute a dual relationship, that of researcher and psychotherapist. The use of past or terminated patients for research presents less difficulty, nevertheless, care must be taken that consent is indeed freely given and that the pursuit of research does not harm the therapeutic relationship. At all times the researcher must maintain an awareness of the potential impact on the patient and on the transference situation which may extend beyond termination.

Additional requirements include:

· Case Material: Case material that is utilized in such a manner that the patient or others may be recognized always suggests the need for informed consent even when measures to conceal the identity of the patient have been taken.

· Past or Current Client Data: Quoting directly from a patient or using dream images or narratives necessitates informed consent. The use of case material will be discussed with the Doctoral Project Chair as a part of the ethics approval process.

· Coercion: It is not ethical to willfully pressure the participant to take part in the nature of the study.

· Deception: Any form of deception or manipulation in order to produce a particular result/response is a violation of ethical principles. However, with the approval of the IRB, there may be times when the benefits outweigh the use of deception.

SECTION FOUR

FORMAT SPECIFICATIONS

The University requires Doctoral Projects to be prepared in a manner that ensures consistency in the arrangement and organization of the work. The doctoral candidate is required to adhere to the formatting guidelines as specified in the current edition of the American Psychological Association (APA) Manual.

Manuscript Submission

Doctoral Projects will be uploaded in the course area like all other assignments. The font should be 12-point Times New Roman. It is important that consistency in type and APA formatting be maintained throughout the project. Font in tables, figures, and graphs may be 10 or 11 point.

Format / Text Spacing

The text should be double-spaced with the following exceptions which are single-spaced:

· all block quotations (40 or more words)

· reference entries of more than one line

· material in tables and appendices

· captions and legends

· table of contents

The start of each paragraph should be indented to 0.5 and there should be no blank space between paragraphs other than double-spacing.

Space once at the end of a sentence after punctuation marks.

Margins

All margins are one inch and all text is aligned to the left margin. The right margin will be uneven.

Title

The title should be concise and no more than 12 words. Titles should convey the focus of the research. See Appendix L for a sample Title Page.

Pagination

Begin numbering on the Title page using Arabic numerals, followed by the Copyright page, the Acknowledgment page, the Abstract, the Table of Contents, Chapters One through Five along with references and Appendices. Candidates should use the pagination tool and include in the header to ensure consistency and uniformity. Page numbers are justified to the right margin.

Headings

Include the running head on the title page with page number. This includes a shortened title at the top of the page inside the MS Word page header. The running head is a maximum of 50 characters, including spaces.

The placement and style of section headings and subheadings should conform to the APA Manual (e.g., boldface, indentation, italics). Note that Chapter heading will be presented in all caps. All other headings will follow standard APA formatting.

Length

The Doctoral Project should be a minimum of 100 pages excluding preliminary pages and references. An average Doctoral Project is approximately 100-150 pages in length.

Verb Tense

When writing Chapters 1 and 3 in the proposed phase before data collection and analysis, when referring to your own study you will be writing in the future tense. After receiving approval of Chapters 1-3, you will then change Chapters 1-3 to reflect the past tense. When discussing past studies or articles, use the past tense or present perfect grammar. Use the past tense for the presentation of results of past studies or for reporting your results as in Chapter 4. Use present tense grammar when discussing the findings, recommendations for practice and research, and conclusions for Chapter 5.

References

The Doctoral Project should contain a minimum of 80-100 references that should be single-spaced using APA formatting with a single-spaced line between them. Use the word processor’s hanging indentation formatting rather than a “tab” key or “space” key.

Table of Contents

Each heading and subheading should be listed in the Table of Contents. Heading and subheading formats should correspond to APA formatting. The Table of Contents is to be single-spaced.

Tables, Charts, and Photographs

Tables, charts, and photographs should be either black and white or grey scale and integrated into the text using APA formatting unless they are larger than one page. In that case, they are included as an appendix.

SECTION FIVE

GENERAL REQUIREMENTS

Submission

The final manuscript will be uploaded as an assignment in pdf format prior to defense.

Copyright Release Agreement

The doctoral candidate must submit a Doctoral Project Copyright Release Agreement form with the final manuscript in preparation for the defense. This allows the University to make copies of the project available to interested parties upon request. See Appendix J for a sample of the Copyright Release Agreement.

Regulations Regarding Joint Authorship

Joint authorship of Doctoral Projects will not be permitted. Each doctoral candidate must submit his or her own Doctoral Project under single authorship.

Publishing of Doctoral Projects

The doctoral candidate may have but is not required to have his or her Doctoral Project published.

Copyrighting of Doctoral Project

Because the submittal of a Doctoral Project to the University constitutes publication under the terms of copyright law (Title 17, Section 101). The candidate does not have to register with the Library of Congress to copyright the project. A simple statement on the publication “©1999 John Doe” is sufficient. The doctoral candidate may, however, apply directly to the Register of Copyrights, Library of Congress, Washington, DC, 20540. See Appendix M for a sample Copyright Page.

SECTION SIX:

RESEARCH APPROACHES TO THE DOCTORAL PROJECT

A doctoral candidate may choose between four basic research approaches for the Doctoral Project, a Theoretical Study, a Qualitative methodology, or a Quantitative methodology and a Mixed Methods approach. While each research approach utilizes its own distinctive methodology and organization for gathering, analyzing, and reporting findings, specific guidelines apply to all three methodologies.

Theoretical Study

The theoretical study is comprised of an extensive search, review, analysis, and interpretation of already published studies in order to find new meaning. The literature is analyzed to identify key themes, perspectives, and meanings and includes descriptive methods of research.

A Qualitative Study

The data for a qualitative study are gathered from individual or group interviews or surveys, field observations, and archival data. Qualitative studies are analyzed to identify key themes, perspectives, and meanings. Common design options for qualitative methodology are narrative, phenomenological, grounded theory, ethnography, and case study methods of research.

A Quantitative Study

Quantitative methodology may be used with the permission of the Chair. The data for a quantitative study is gathered by input (e.g., surveys, field observations, and/or archival data). Quantitative studies are analyzed through statistical analysis. Common design options for quantitative methodology are descriptive, developmental, causal-comparative, correlational, quasi-experimental, and experimental.

Mixed Methods Study

A mixed methods study uses a combination of both quantitative and qualitative approaches to conduct research. Generally, one approach is used to better understand what was learned from the other, thus gaining a deeper appreciation of the phenomenon. This type of study requires extensive data collection. How the two approaches will be integrated must be clearly articulated. Most importantly the procedures for data collection and analysis for each approach must be fully explained.

Structure of Doctoral Project

Title Pages

There are specific pages that precede Chapter One. A sample of where pages are to be placed and how to number them is shown in Appendix N.

The pages in front of Chapter One are included in the following order:

1. Title of Project

2. Copyright

3. Acknowledgements

4. Abstract

5. Table of Contents

6. List of Tables (if required)

7. List of Figures (if required)

Chapter One: Overview of the Study

The focus of Chapter One is an overview of the research study which includes

1. Introduction (not the title of a heading)

The introduction provides an overview of the chapter. A primary purpose of this chapter is to set the study in perspective for the reader. The introduction also acquaints the reader with the topic and the methodology used to study the problem.

2. Background of the Study

Provides insights and perspectives for why the study should be conducted. Why is the problem of pressing societal concern or theoretical interest? Information to be included is historical and statistical information which supports the study.

3. Statement of the Problem

The statement of the problem describes the societal situation and establishes the parameters for the problem that the doctoral candidate will address. Using the current literature what is known and unknown is presented to establish the context of the study, which should be reflective of Chapter 2.

4. Purpose of the Study

The purpose of the study establishes how the study will be conducted and includes both the type of methodology and research questions. This section is a discussion of how keys elements of the study we be explored. The questions for research are posed using the format of a short question that reflects the focus of the study. Generally, a study consists of 3-5 research questions.

5. Theoretical or Conceptual Framework

The candidate will identify the theory or theories or concepts that provide the foundation of the study. They provide the perspective or lens through which the project is examined.

6. Significance of the Study

The significance of the study addresses who will benefit from the study and how they will benefit. The doctoral candidate articulates specifically how the study will contribute to the existing theoretical literature and/or qualitative and quantitative findings within psychology.

7. Limitations and Delimitations of the Study

Limitations reflect possible weaknesses in the study. The candidate must address the limitations over which he or she has no control. For various reasons, limitations of the study may be determined by such factors as a convenience sample meaning using participants that are not randomly selected which limits the generalizability of the results. The candidate must address delimitations factors for the study. They serve to narrow the focus of the study to focus on specific criteria or to delimit to specific groups or locations.

8. Definitions and Key Terms

All pertinent definitions and key terms within the scope of the study need to be operationalized. All definitions and key terms must be sourced.

9. Organization

Provides an overview for the structure of the doctoral project.

Chapter Two: Review of the Literature

The review of the literature reflects what the candidate has established as the focus of the study in Chapter One’s Statement of the Problem of the study.

1. The introduction provides an overview of the chapter.

2. The candidate organizes the literature review according to topics, critically evaluates the literature, highlights important unanswered questions, identifies methodological problems with past studies as well as areas of controversy in the literature, as well as, discusses the significance of past research in relationship to the current study. Additionally, the theoretical or conceptual framework of the study is to be discussed.

The literature review is comprised of current sources of which 85% are within the past 5 years. All sources must be credible such as peer-reviewed studies. Not included are any .com websites. A place to begin your search is via the University’s online library, Google Scholar, and/or APA databases.

3. The summary for chapter two should reflect the relationships established from the review of the literature and articulate links to the theoretical framework.

Chapter Three: Methodology

Theoretical/Thematic Study

For a theoretical/thematic study, Chapter Three includes:

1. Overview and Re-statement of the Problem–The candidate will provide a brief overview of the study and restatement of the problem at the beginning of this chapter. The research questions are repeated and the applicable group and key areas the research will be identified.

2. Research Method-A brief discussion of the underlying philosophical assumptions of theoretical/thematic studies and why a theoretical/thematic literature review is the appropriate method of study to answer the research questions is provided. A well-reasoned articulation of how theoretical/thematic studies are a legitimate alternative research procedures in psychology is provided. Use at least two peer-reviewed sources to ground your discussion.

3. Data Collection-The candidate explains how the literature presented in chapter 2 along with additional literature will be developed in support of the research questions. Key word choices and relationships will be identified which articulate the specific selection of the literature.

4. Data Analysis-The candidate explains how the key points and observations of the study are distilled, broken down, and thoroughly examined. This will provide a discussion for the required analysis supporting each research question and will describe the approach which will be used to guide the analysis using a methods book.

Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Methods Studies

For a qualitative study or quantitative study, Chapter Three should include the following.

1. An introduction which encompasses the re-statement of the problem and the research questions. For a quantitative study the hypotheses as well.

2. Research Method-A statement of either qualitative or quantitative methodology should follow. Include a discussion of how the research design whether phenomenological, narrative, case studies, correlational, descriptive, causal-comparative, or quasi-experimental is the legitimate, appropriate research design. Use at least two peer-reviewed sources to ground your discussion.

3. Participants–The candidate will describe the location of the participants; discuss the criteria for selecting those participants (i.e., what characteristics do they possess that make them suitable for the area of investigation) and the process by which they were selected (such as random sampling, snowball, etc.); provide the number of participants in the study, including any important distinctions existing between them (e.g., gender or ethnicity).

4. Instrumentation— Provide a description of the instruments or protocols that will be used surveys, interviews, observations, or artifacts. Include all instrumentation as an appendix. Describe in detail the instruments to be used in the study. All questions or criteria should be clearly linked to the literature presented in chapter two.

5. Data Collection–The candidate will provide a concise but thorough description of the steps used to collect data from the participants. Describe any recruitment processes and/or communication; describe the informed consent process; and note the data collection schedule. If interviews are conducted indicate the length, the number, where conducted, and stipulate they will be recorded. For surveys describe the procedures for how they will be distributed and collected. Include all other procedures and processes needed in order to replicate the study. If artifacts are used, describe the process by which the data will be procured, selected, and utilized. For any other methods of data collection provide a complete description of all processes.

6. Data Analysis-The candidate describes the analysis of the data that was performed as well as the specific steps taken. It is important to reference a research methods book to detail this process. Researcher bias, validity, reliability and other research factors should be addressed as appropriate.

7. Limitations and Delimitations- Provide a detailed discussion of the limitations and delimitations of the study in this section.

Chapter Four: Results

Chapter Four is where the results from this project are articulated in response to the research questions.

An introduction of the chapter is provided which includes a brief overview of the focus of the study and the research questions. Next, describe the participants. The results will follow in response to the research questions. Generally, the results are presented by research question. A brief interpretation or meaning without discussion are reported. Only the amount of explanation necessary to help the reader understand the basis for the outcomes of the results is included. Articulate how the results leads to a specific finding which will be discussed in chapter 5. Describe any links to the applicable theory or framework. The discussion of the research and implications is reserved for Chapter Five. The report of the results must be thorough enough for the reader to make an independent judgment about the research. Summarize the overall findings established from the results presented.

Chapter Five: Discussion

Chapter Five is where the discussion of the findings from the study are presented. The discussion should align the findings with the theoretical and conceptual framework that was defined in Chapter Two.

Begin with a brief overview of the study which includes the problem, purpose, research questions and brief description of the methodology.

Next the candidate asserts and connects the findings to the predominate studies identified in the literature review, indicating how the results relate to this literature and provides explanations for the findings. Although much of this creative emphasis will be revealed in how the results are correlated with the existing literature, the significance of the findings beyond data analysis should be speculated. Provide a discussion regarding changes in the limitations or delimitations of the research.

The candidate will present a discussion of the implications of the study for professional practice and scholarly work in the field of psychology. Included are any recommendations for changes in psychological concepts and knowledge, or any recommended changes applied to clinical practice. All implications are to be linked explicitly to specific findings from the candidates study.

Additionally, the candidate will present suggested future research topics based on the study that could expand this field of knowledge from the study or which will direct scholars to new areas for further exploration.

Finally, the candidate will summarize personal insights and any final reflections in conclusion of the study.

Reference List and Appendices

The final section of the manuscript includes a complete listing of books and articles cited in the body of the work. Only those authors that have been cited should be listed. The candidate will only include works that are primary sources not secondary sources.

The appendices contain original material referred to in the text but too lengthy to be included, as well as, instrumentation.

Abstract

After the Doctoral Project is complete, the candidate will write an abstract that summarizes the study’s purpose, the primary theoretical and conceptual perspective(s) used, and the major findings and implication in accordance with APA requirements. In The abstract should not exceed 250 words. Although the candidate writes the abstract after the completion of the study, the abstract is placed at the beginning of the Doctoral Project. See Appendix N for an example of the Abstract.

Doctoral Project Resources

Candidates are required to utilize the Doctoral Project Assessment Rubric form found in Appendix G and details the guidelines on which the candidate’s manuscript will be evaluated. The rubric is to be used by the Candidate to provide a self-assessment of the doctoral project when sending drafts to the Chair. The Chair will provide feedback on the draft and utilize the rubric when returning the draft. Appendix H contains the Doctoral Project Checklist and Appendix I provides Tips for Completing the Doctoral Project.

SECTION SEVEN:

THE ORAL DEFENSE

Approval of the Doctoral Project means that the doctoral candidate’s Committee is in agreement that the doctoral candidate may present the project’s worth to an audience of scholars and professionals.  The Chair will ensure the final draft along with the Copyright Release Agreement (see Appendix J) are submitted for institution review approval. After the Doctoral Project manuscript has Institution Review approval from the Dean, of the School of Behavioral Sciences, the candidate in conjunction with the Chair and Committee Members can then proceed with the Oral Defense.  The university will then coordinate a defense date.

Process

The Oral Defense is hosted by the University and may include Faculty Mentors and invited guests. Preapproval by the Dean is necessary for all invited guests. The chair and candidate are responsible for reminding committee members of the scheduled defense date and any additional essential information.

The candidate may participate in his or her Oral Defense either in person at the University or via audio or video conferencing. For a candidate who elects to defend in-person, at least one committee member must also be present or the Doctoral Project coordinator.

Committee members will attend the Oral Defense of the Doctoral Project either in person or via audio or video conference and sign the Doctoral Project Approval Page via an online signature. See Appendix K.

The degree will then be conferred after all academic and financial commitments to the University have been met.

Oral Defense Power Point Format

The structure of the presentation includes: an overview of the problem, research questions, a review of relevant literature, a discussion of the findings, and a discussion of the implications for practice and recommendations for research. A Power Point template is provided in the resource section of the PSY 87995 course.

Oral Defense Procedure

The defense lasts approximately one hour. The candidate should prepare 20-25 minutes for the presentation. The chair will introduce the attendees from the university. If the candidate has individuals joining, he or she will introduce them.  After the candidate’s presentation, the committee will have a discussion with the candidate for further clarity or questions. The candidate will then step out while the committee makes their decision. When the candidate returns, the chair announces the decision. One of three results will be reported:

1. The Oral Defense of the Doctoral Project is accepted.

2. The Oral Defense of the Doctoral Project is conditionally accepted for minor changes (Revised drafts must be uploaded into the course when completed.).

3. The Oral Defense of the Doctoral Project is not accepted.

The University goal is that all candidates achieve the first result.

Appendix A: Sample of Doctoral Project Titles

Treating Diurnal Enuresis in Children with a Biobehavioral

Psychoeducation for Victims of Domestic Abuse using Cognitive Behavioral Treatment

Teacher Implementation of Evidence-Based Behavior Intervention Plans: Fidelity or Futility?

The Role of Parental Divorce on Child and Adolescent Development

Schema Therapy: An Integrative Approach for the Treatment of Borderline Personality Disorder

Clinicians’ Attitudes and Confidence in Establishing and Maintaining Therapeutic Relationships to Mitigate Suicidal Risk in Veterans

An Examination of Suicide: Trends and Motives from a Global Perspective

Treating Self-injurious Behavior in Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder

Exploring Animal Assisted Therapy (AAT) in Treating Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) and Major Depressive Disorder (MDD)

The Potential of Neurofeedback in Repairing Aberrant Connectivity in Autism Spectrum Disorder

An Examination of Spirituality and Religion as a Tool to Prevent Burnout in Therapists

Psychological Treatment Differentiators and Superior Patient Effectiveness of Partial Hospitalization Programs

Utilizing Research to Explore Factors that Contribute to Suicide amongst Active Duty Military Service Members

A Study of the Efficacy of Early Parent-Child Interventions as Treatment Modalities in the Reduction of Disruptive Childhood Behaviors

Virtual Warrior: Online Gaming Addiction and the U.S. Military

The Efficacy of Meditation as a Complementary Treatment for Veterans Diagnosed with Post-traumatic Stress Disorder.

The Efficacy of Early Parent-Child Interventions as Treatment Modalities in the Reduction of Conduct Disorder in Young Children

Meaning-Making in Fatherhood: A Constructive-Developmental Framework of Father Involvement.

The Effects of the Amino Acids Tryptophan and Theanine in Modifying the Progression of Symptoms of Anxiety: A Systematic Review

African-American Women: Resilience and Trauma

Mindfulness Strategies for Treating Comorbid Chronic Disease and Affective Disorder: An Analysis of the FRESH Program

A Study of the Efficacy of Utilizing Evidence-Based Models in the Treatment of Conduct Disorders

Promoting Brain Integration of Complex Dissociative Disorders

Appendix B: Doctoral Project Committee

DOCTORAL PROJECT COMMITTEE

The Committee consists of at least three members: the Chair and two other Committee Members. They will guide the doctoral candidate through the procedural steps of completing the Doctoral Project and are responsible for managing the candidate through the writing and research processes. This form should be completed by California Southern University Doctoral Candidates planning to conduct a doctoral project.

Submission Instructions: E-mail an electronic copy of the completed Doctoral Project Committee form to your Committee Members for signature and then to your Mentor/Chair for approval, and he or she will forward to the Dean of the School of Behavioral Sciences, Dr. Grimes at bgrimes@calsouthern.edu for final approval.

Doctoral Project Committee Chair

Candidate:

Chair:

Doctoral Project Committee Members

Choose two other committee members to work with you and your Chair and have them sign the committee form as the select members for your committee.

Second Member:

Name, Signature, and Date

Third Member:

Name, Signature, and Date

Request and Approval Signatures

Request for Approval Doctoral Project Candidate: _______________________________

Signature and Date

Approval Committee Chair: ______________________________________________

Signature and Date

Approval Dean of the School of Behavioral Sciences

Dr. Barbara Grimes: __________________________

Signature and Date

Appendix C: Doctoral Project Change of Committee

DOCTORAL PROJECT

CHANGE OF COMMITTEE

Generally, change of committee requests are an exception in the doctoral project process. Doctoral candidates which request a change of committee must submit a Doctoral Project Change in Committee form for approval by the Chair. Changes for one committee member are reviewed and approved by the Dean. Review and approval for changes to the committee consisting of two or more members is forwarded to an academic review board.

Submission Instructions: E-mail an electronic copy of the completed Doctoral Project Change of Committee form to your Chair for approval, and he or she will forward to the Dean of the School of Behavioral Sciences, Dr. Grimes at bgrimes@calsouthern.edu for final approval.

Candidate:

Chair:

Reason for Change

Please provide a detailed explanation for the change of committee request.

The doctoral candidate and department have the responsibility of notifying the committee member of removal from the committee. Additionally, the doctoral candidate must identify an appropriate replacement.

Committee Member Change

Please remove the following committee member. ______________________________________

Name of Committee Member for Removal

Please add the following committee member. _______________________________________

Name of Committee Member for Addition

Request to replace a second committee member. This requires review by an academic review board.

Please remove the following committee member. ______________________________________

Name of Committee Member for Removal

Please add the following committee member. _______________________________________

Name of Committee Member for Addition

Approval Signatures

I have discussed the proposed change of committee request with my Chair/Mentor.

Request for Approval Doctoral Project Candidate: _______________________________

Signature and Date

Approval/Disapproval Committee Chair: _____________________________________

Signature and Date

Approval/Disapproval Dean of the School of Behavioral Sciences

Barbara L. Grimes, Ph.D.: ______________________________

Signature and Date

CALIFORNIA SOUTHERN UNIVERSITY

INSTITUTIONAL REVIEW BOARD (IRB) APPLICATION

Application for the Review of Research

This form should be completed by any individual associated with California Southern University who is planning to conduct a research project. For any section that does not apply, please mark NA.

Submission Instructions: Doctoral Learners should email the completed IRB application to their Mentor/Chair for approval. The Mentor/Chair will then forward the application to the Dean of the appropriate school for review and forwarding to the IRB. Faculty who are doing research should email a completed application to their appropriate Dean for review and forwarding to the IRB. Non-faculty and others who are doing research should submit a completed application to the CAO for review and forwarding to the IRB.

The IRB meets the second and fourth Monday’s of every month and applications must be submitted to the IRB two weeks prior to this date for consideration by the full IRB.

Section I: Type of IRB Review

Category 1: Exempt  Category 2: Expedited Review  Category 3: Full Review 

Section II

1. Name of Principal Investigator:

Phone: E-Mail:

2. School: ☐Business ☐Education ☐Behavioral Science

3. Responsible Supervising Faculty Member:

Phone: E-Mail:

4. Title of Project: _____________________________________________________________

Project Start Date: Planned End Date:

Section III Selection of Subjects

5. Age Range of Participants:

6. Estimated Number of Participants: _____

7. Type of Subject:  Adult  Protected Class  Non-Student  Minor  College Student Other (Describe Protected Class or Other):_____________________

8.  Yes  No Will access to subjects be gained through a cooperating institution? If yes, indicate institution and attach copy of approval letter from that institution.

Explanation:

9.  Yes  No Will subjects receive payment or extra credit point compensation for participation? If yes, detail amount form and conditions of award.

Explanation:

10.  Yes  No Will the subjects be deceived, misled, or have information about the project withheld? If so, identify the information involved, justify the deception, and describe the debriefing plan.

Explanation:

Reviewer Comments:

Response to Reviewer Comments:

Section IV – Research Design, Protocols, Risk, Confidentiality and Consent Forms (Please attach applicable protocols such as surveys and other instruments to the IRB Application).

Directions: In a total of no more than 6 pages, please answer the following questions. Please be brief and concise in your responses to each of these questions. Failure to respond to any questions will cause significant delays.

Research Design and Protocol Description

11. Type of Study:

☐Theoretical ☐Qualitative ☐Quantitative ☐Mixed Methods

12. Research Question (s):

13. Describe the research problem (s):

14. Describe the aim and objectives:

15. Describe the significance of the proposed research:

16. Describe the Research Design Methodology (Theoretical, Qualitative, Quantitative, or Mixed Methods as well as protocols).

17. Describe how you will access the subjects and/or organizations for participation (Data Collection Procedures).

18. Describe participant selection criteria:

Risk, Benefits, Privacy and Confidentiality

19. Attach a copy of the consent form that will be used. If no consent form will be used, explain the procedures used to ensure that participation is voluntary/with permission. Note: This information is particularly important in determining that there is no actual or implied coercion to participate.

20. Describe the methods that will be used to ensure the confidentiality of all subjects and/or organizations identities and the safeguarding of data. Include how data will be handled after research is completed and the destruction of the data. Confidentiality of data is required.

21. Describe the risks to the subjects/organization and precautions that will be taken to minimize the risks to the participants. Risk goes beyond physical risk and includes risk to the subject’s dignity and self-respect as well as psychological, emotional, employment, legal, and/or behavioral risk or harm. (Note: there is always minimal risk(s) associated with a project).

22. Describe the benefits of the project to business and/or society. Also describe benefits to the subject, if any exist. The IRB must have sufficient information to make a determination that the benefits outweigh the risks of the project.

Reviewer Comments:

Response to Reviewer Comments:

Section V – Investigator Assurances

This protocol review form has been completed and typed. I am familiar with the ethical and legal guidelines and regulations (i.e. the Belmont Report, The Code of Federal Regulations Title 45 Part 46, and California Southern University Policy) and will adhere to them. Should material changes in procedure become advisable, I will submit them to the IRB for review prior to initiation the change. If any problems involving human subjects occur, I will immediately notify the IRB. I understand the IRB review must be conducted biennial and that continuation of the project beyond two year requires resubmission and review.

Principal Investigator Date

Supervising Faculty Mentor (if appropriate) Date

End of Application

Note: For the IRB Policy and Guidelines and for the application and forms please go to the University Resource section of the website.

Appendix E: Guidelines and Sample Statements of Informed Consent

Provided are some guidelines for informed consent. The following is a checklist of information that should be included in the informed consent form that each person in the study needs to complete before participating in the research project.

1. Investigator’s name, e-mail address, phone number, and times he/she can be reached.

2. A brief description of the nature and purpose of the project.

3. A statement regarding the confidentiality of records.

4. An explanation of the procedures to be followed.

5. A description of any discomforts or risks to be expected.

6. An explanation of the benefits to be gained.

7. An offer to answer any questions regarding the procedures.

8. An instruction that participation is voluntary and that consent to participate may be withdrawn at any time.

9. A space for signature where the participants (or their legal guardians) sign their name that they have read and understood this information.

Note: Participants must be given the opportunity to consent or not to consent without the intervention of any element of force, fraud, trickery, duress, coercion or undue influence on the participant’s decision.

Example I

I have been informed that this research project is being conducted by_____________, as part of the requirement of the doctorate degree with California Southern University. I understand that his or her study is being conducted under the supervision of _____________, Doctoral Project Chair, California Southern University.

I understand that my participation in this study is voluntary. I understand that I may refuse to participate or withdraw from this study at any time. I also have the right to decline to answer any question(s) that I do not want to answer. I understand that I have been invited to participate in this study to provide information regarding___________.

I agree to complete up to_______ hour(s) of an audio-taped, face-to-face interview, in which I will be asked __________________________________________________. I understand that the questions will focus on____________________. I understand that I may be contacted by phone for up to 1 month after the interview to answer follow-up question or to clarify my earlier responses, which may last up to 15 minutes. I understand that I may request to review the transcript from the interview.

I understand that no information gathered from my participation in the study will be released to others without my written permission or as required by law. I understand the following Limits of Confidentiality apply to communications between psychologists and patients/clients, and also apply to information disclosed for research purposes.

Limits of Confidentiality: The law protects the privacy of all communications between a patient and a licensed clinical psychologist. In most situations, a psychologist can only release information about your treatment to others if you sign a written authorization form that meets certain legal requirements imposed by HIPAA. However, there are some situations in which a psychologist may be permitted or required to disclose information without the patient’s consent or authorization. These situations include:

1. If there is reasonable suspicion or evidence that a child under age 18 is suffering or has been the victim of child abuse (including sexual and physical abuse, and neglect), the law requires that a psychologist file a report with the appropriate governmental agency (Child Protective Services) and legal authorities. The psychologist may also make a report if they know or reasonably suspect emotional abuse or mental suffering inflicted upon a child.

2. If a psychologist has reasonable suspicion or evidence that an elder or dependent adult is suffering or has been the victim of abuse (including sexual, physical, emotional and financial abuse, neglect, abandonment, abduction, isolation), the law requires that the psychologist report to legal authorities and/or the State Department of Social Services.

3. If a patient (or a family member of the patient) communicates an imminent threat of physical violence against an identifiable victim (the patient’s intent to harm or plan to harm), the psychologist may be required to take protective actions including notifying the potential victim (s), and contacting the police. The psychologist may also seek hospitalization for the patient.

4. If a patient communicates intent and/or a plan to harm himself/herself (commit suicide), the psychologist is required to notify legal authorities and make reasonable attempts to protect the patient including seeking hospitalization and notify family members who can help provide protection.

I understand that if the findings of the study are published or presented to a professional audience, no personally identifying information will be released. The data will be stored in a secure and locked location for five years after which the data will be destroyed.

I understand that the researcher will answer questions I have at any time about the project or about my participation. I may contact him/her at______________________.

If I have questions about the study or about my rights as a research subject, I may contact the Chairperson of the California Southern University Institutional Review Board, c/o Dr. Robert Weathers at California Southern University, 930 Roosevelt, Irvine, CA 92620, irb@calsouthern.edu .

I understand to my satisfaction the information in the consent form regarding my participation in the research project. All of my questions have been answered to my satisfaction. I have received a copy of this informed consent form, which I have read and understand. I hereby consent to participate in the research described.

Participants Signature Date

Example II

I have been informed that this research project is being conducted by_____________, as part of the requirement of the doctorate degree with California Southern University. I understand that his or her study is being conducted under the supervision of _____________, Doctoral Project Chair, California Southern University.

I understand that my participation in this study is voluntary. I understand that I may refuse to participate or withdraw from this study at any time. I also have the right to decline to answer any question(s) that I do not want to answer. I understand that I have been invited to participate in this study to provide information regarding___________.

I agree to complete up to_______ hour(s) of an audio-taped, face-to-face interview, in which I will be asked __________________________________________________. I understand that the questions will focus on____________________. I understand that I may be contacted by phone for up to 1 month after the interview to answer follow-up question or to clarify my earlier responses, which may last up to 15 minutes. I understand that I may request to review the transcript from the interview.

I understand that no information gathered from my participation in the study will be released to others without my written permission or as required by law. I understand that if the findings of the study are published or presented to a professional audience, no personally identifying information will be released. The data will be stored in a secure and locked location for five years after which the data will be destroyed.

I understand that the researcher will answer questions I have at any time about the project or about my participation. I may contact him/her at______________________.

If I have questions about the study or about my rights as a research subject, I may contact the Chairperson of the California Southern University Institutional Review Board, c/o Dr. Robert Weathers at California Southern University, 930 Roosevelt, Irvine, CA 92620, irb@calsouthern.edu .

I understand to my satisfaction the information in the consent form regarding my participation in the research project. All of my questions have been answered to my satisfaction. I have received a copy of this informed consent form, which I have read and understand. I hereby consent to participate in the research described.

Participants Signature Date

Example III

Doctoral Project Title

I understand that this study is of a research nature. It may offer no direct benefit to me.

Participation in this study is voluntary. I may refuse to participate or may withdraw from it at any time without creating any harmful consequences to myself. I understand also that the investigator may drop me at any time from the study. I understand information will be properly safeguarded.

The purpose of doing this study is:

1. As a participant in this study I will be asked to take part in the following procedures

2. Participation in the study will take ____________________ of my time and will take

place at

3. The risks, discomforts, and inconvenience of the above procedure might be:

4. The possible benefits of the procedure might be:

(a) Direct benefits to me:

(b) Benefits to others:

5. The information about this study was discussed with me by

If I have further questions, I can contact him/her at

6. My compensation for being in this study is $_____________

If I do not finish the procedures, I will receive a minimum of $______________

Signature _________________________________

Date________________________

Example IV

Title of the Study

1. I agree to have ________________ ask me a series of questions about

2. These questions will be asked at ________________ and will take about minutes.

(location)

3. The purpose of asking these questions is to_____________________________________

4. I understand that some of the questions might be embarrassing or annoying to me. The researcher has explained that my name will not be recorded on the questionnaire and that my answers will be used only by the investigator in the analysis of the data and properly safeguarded.

5. I understand that this research may result in ________________ which may or may not be of immediate value to me personally. (benefit)

6. Information about this study and the location of my interview has been given to me by ________________. I can reach him/her any time I have questions at ______________

(researcher)

7. I understand that I can refuse to answer any question and can withdraw from this study without jeopardizing my standing in or care by

8. I am (not) receiving any compensation for participating in this study. ______________

Signature _____________________________

Date_________________________________

Appendix F: IRB Completion Form

Institutional Review Board Completion Form

This form is to be used to report research completion to the Institutional Review Board (IRB) at California Southern University.

Title of Project: ___________________________________________________________

Date Final Defense was Passed: ________

Name of Researcher: _____________________

I understand all research must be appropriately stored and maintained for the longest period of time which pertains to the type of files utilized for the research.

There are a number of regulations to consider to determine how long you are required to store records after the completion of research. Note you must keep records for the longest applicable period of time.  Federal regulations require the securement of research records for at least 3 years after the completion of the research (45 CFR 46.115). Other standards may also be applicable to storing records. HIPAA regulations require records to be retained for at least 6 years after a participant has signed an authorization. You must keep your research records for at least 3 years.

Signature of Researcher: ____________________________

Signature of Research Supervisor: ____________________________

Signature of IRB: ____________________________

IRB is to return a copy to the researcher and retain a copy.

Appendix G: Doctoral Project Assessment Rubric

Appendix H: Doctoral Project Checklist

Yes No

____ ____ Submit Copyright Agreement Release & Draft for Institutional Review

____ ____ Title Page

____ ____ Copyright Page

____ ____ Acknowledgements

____ ____ Doctoral Project Abstract

____ ____ Table of Contents

Chapter One: Overview of the Study

____ ____ Overview of the Study (no heading)

____ ____ Background of the Study

____ ____ Statement of the Problem

____ ____ Purpose of the Study (Includes Research Questions)

____ ____ Theoretical and Conceptual Framework

____ ____ Significance of the Study

____ ____ Limitations and Delimitations

____ ____ Definition of Terms

____ ____ Organization of the Study

Chapter Two: Literature Review

____ ____ Literature Review Introduction (no heading)

____ ____ Section 1 (use the name of the section for heading)

____ ____ Section 2 (use the name of the section for heading)

____ ____ Section X (repeat for all sections)

____ ____ Theoretical or Conceptual Framework

____ ____ Summary

Chapter Three: Methodology

____ ____ Overview and Re-statement of the Problem (research questions)

____ ____ Research Method and Design

____ ____ Participants

____ ____ Instrumentation (Qualitative or Quantitative)

____ ____ Data Collection (All)

____ ____ Data Analysis (All)

Chapter Four: Results

____ ____ Introduction (not a heading)

____ ____ Participant Description

____ ____ Results presented by Research Question

____ ____ Summary

Chapter Five: Discussion of Findings

____ ____ Introduction (not a heading)

____ ____ Discussion of Findings (Limitations/Delimitations if any changes.)

____ ____ Implications for Practice

____ ____ Recommendations for Future Research

____ ____ Conclusion

____ ____ References

____ ____ Appendices

Appendix I: Tips for Completing the Doctoral Project

The following tips are meant to aid you in completing your culminating endeavor of your doctorate degree.

· Once you formulate a research topic from your extensive review of the literature, share your ideas with others. These discussions keep the creative process going and may results in the generation of new ideas.

· Establish a cohort with other colleagues, if possible. A support system can be an important asset in completing your project. Create virtual writing groups with peers.

· Establish a specific area to be your private space for working on your doctoral project research. Doing so will help you develop a dedicated environment in which to conduct your research. Placing time on the calendar as you do for class assignments is effective so that you and your family members can respect the time involved in completing a doctoral project.

· Refer to the reference sections of journal articles devoted to your topic to serve as a source for additional references.

· Review available master’s theses, doctoral projects, and dissertations in your field of study. These documents often provide direction for your research and aid in developing your proposal.

· As you write your project, tell your readers in the first paragraph the focus for each section. Keep them from guessing; refer to your purpose and intention throughout your work. Highlight the purpose and intention throughout each chapter as appropriate from the overview and research questions, into the literature review, through the methodology, directly into the findings, and through the discussion section.

· When you submit your work for review, be sure it is neat, accurate, and free of misspelled words, incorrect grammar or syntax, or inappropriate citations or references. Proof your work carefully. Use the Doctoral Project Rubric to assess your work and submit with your draft to the Chair. A professional editor is suggested; however, you will be required to ensure the format and grammar are correct.

· Make your writing crisp by eliminating passive voice (e.g., there is, there are). Avoid using pronouns (e.g., this, that, it) rather than adjectives. Conduct a global search for these words and then reformat each sentence with the actual subject and an active verb.

· When you send material to your Doctoral Project Chair, be sure to give him or her up to 10 days to review and comment on your work or schedule a review in advance. When you contact your Chair, be sure to be well prepared to state what you want from him or her and how he or she can best help you. Comments from individual Committee Members will be sent to you through your Chair.

· Working with your Committee Chair involves an exchange of ideas and opinions. Getting the most out of criticism is a highly recommended skill. While you may become attached to your theoretical approach and/or methodology, take time to put yourself in the position of your Committee and see your work from their perspective.

· Receiving a critique may be emotionally stressful; however, process your feelings and asking for help enables you to sort out the meaning of the feedback.

· Always keep a copy on file for yourself and always back up your work. A good option is to establish a free Dropbox account which saves your work on the Cloud and gives you access to your work from any computer.

· When you have a difference of opinion with your committee, share your line of reasoning. This is scholarly, Socratic dialogue at its best.

· Because most scholars may only have exposure to your project through your abstract, make sure that your word selection conveys the essence of the purpose and findings of your research.

· Remember to budget your time in order to balance your personal, educational, and professional lives.

· Use the Librarian to assist when searching for literature. When searching for key studies, save your searches. Capture the key words used and the database searched as well.

· Use two computer screens when working on your project. Every laptop is designed to connect to another display, desktop, TV, etc. You can view and take notes on articles on a second screen as you work on the primary screen.

Appendix J: Sample Copyright Release Agreement

Many Psy.D doctoral candidates decide to copyright their projects. This is a good idea if follow-up research is anticipated or if a truly innovative concept is developed in the project.

The University retains the right to use Doctoral Projects for academic purposes such as displaying them in a library that is open for public review, making them available for review by other doctoral candidates of this institution, and providing copies for review by educational or professional licensing and accrediting agencies.

In the event the doctoral candidate chooses to copyright the Doctoral Project, the University still retains its right to use the Doctoral Project for educational purposes as described. To document the doctoral candidate’s agreement with this condition, the doctoral candidate is to sign and date the following statement and return to the Committee Chair with a copy attached to the final version of the project submitted for the course.

________________________________________________________________________

To: School of Behavioral Sciences

From: Susan Smith, Doctoral Candidate

Subject: Copyright Agreement Release

Date: July 2016

I, Susan Smith, Doctoral Candidate, do hereby grant California Southern University permission to use my Doctoral Project for educational purposes as described in this memorandum.

_______________________________________ ____________

Susan Smith, Doctoral Candidate Date

Appendix K: Sample Approval Page

California Southern University Approval

We, the undersigned, certify we have read this Doctoral Project and approve it as adequate in scope and quality for the degree of Doctor of Psychology.

Doctoral Candidate:

Title of Doctoral Project: Doctoral Project Committee:

(Type name and degree)

Signed: ________________________________________________

Project Chair Date

(Type name and degree)

Signed: ________________________________________________ _________

Committee Member Date

(Type name and degree)

Signed: ________________________________________________ _________

Committee Member Date

Barbara L. Grimes, Ph.D.

Signed: ________________________________________________ _________

Dean, School of Behavioral Science Date

Appendix L: Sample Title Page

Running head: TITLE OF YOUR STUDY 1

Name of Study

Doctoral Project

Presented to the Faculty

School of Behavioral Sciences

California Southern University

in partial fulfillment of the requirements for

the degree of

DOCTOR

OF

PSYCHOLOGY

by

Student Name

Date of Defense

Appendix M: Sample Copyright Page

SHORT TITLE OF STUDY 2

© Year

Name of Student

Appendix N: Sample Doctoral Project Title Pages

Running head: SHORT TITLE OF STUDY 1

Creating Opportunity after Crisis: Examining the Development of the Post-Earthquake

Haitian Mental Health Care System

A Doctoral Project

Presented to the Faculty

School of Behavioral Sciences

California Southern University

In partial fulfillment of

the requirement for the

degree of

DOCTOR

OF

PSYCHOLOGY

By

Nancy R.F. Bortko Miller

November 6, 2014

SHORT TITLE FOR STUDY 2

© 2014

NANCY R.F.BORTKO MILLER

SHORT TITLE OF STUDY 3

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

I would like to extend my appreciation to chairperson Kate Andrews, Ph.D. and advisor Alpa Bajaj Psy.D. for providing their expertise and counsel throughout my educational journey. Librarian Jennifer Hill MSI assisted in obtaining resources and contributed to reviewing and editing the details necessary in the References section of this research project. Their guidance, support, and important feedback afforded me the opportunity to refine and analyze my ideas while I continued to learn and grow.

I am grateful to my colleague and friend Deborah Dueck Ph.D. for her optimism and encouragement. Through frequent interactions and careful advice, we motivated one another to complete set goals throughout the research process, which helped make this manuscript a reality.

A very special heartfelt appreciation goes out to the most remarkable person in my life, my husband and best friend, Merton W. Miller, who offered his positive support and unyielding encouragement as I pursued my lifelong educational goal. His balanced perspective and clever humor assisted me through the challenges experienced during the course of my studies. I am thankful for my children and their spouses: Bryan and Alyson Miller, Antonio and Regina Kassar, and Megan L. Miller. This research project could not have been written without their unwavering support and patience. My wonderful grandchildren Dylan, Layla, and Maryjane Miller; and Grace and Elias Kassar offered their unconditional love and infectious laughter, which provided me the renewed energy and inspiration needed to achieve my goal!

SHORT TITLE OF STUDY 4

I would also like to express my gratitude and respect to the Haitian people. The heart of this manuscript belongs to them. I was inspired by the Haitian spirit and resilience as they worked to overcome their challenges and suffering after the 2010 earthquake. As a disaster mental health provider at Project Medishare Hospital in Port-au-Prince, Haiti, I gained valuable knowledge from my experience with the local Haitian families. This manuscript advocates for the oppressed, giving a voice to marginalized individuals and calling for global mental health change. I extend my deepest appreciation!

SHORT TITLE OF STUDY 5

Abstract

The scope of this theoretical study is comprised of an extensive review and interpretation of published studies by governmental organizations such as the World Health Organization (WHO); non-governmental organizations (NGOs); and individuals detailing the theories, concepts, and relationships that exist regarding the social and economic effects of the global burden of mental health disorders and the substantial treatment gap of mental health conditions in low-resourced settings such as Haiti. Humanitarian emergencies are presented as opportunities to build better mental health systems in low-income countries (LICs). Exploring Haiti’s trauma signature (TSIG) identified risk factors for post-disaster mental health consequences to include posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and major depressive disorder (MDD) within the adult population. Three culturally relevant community-based mental health programs Soulaje Lespri Moun (SLM), Partners in Health/Zanmi Lasante (PIH/ZL), and Pwogwam Sante´ Mantal (PSM), and one hospital-centered program, Project Medishare Hospital, are highlighted to demonstrate the implementation of successful mental health care services in post-earthquake Haiti. This project is focused on confronting the barriers to mental health services in Haiti with the goal of developing a long-term sustainable mental health system. This research project’s findings are congruent with previous research, which described coordinating with local leadership and integrating culturally relevant, community-focused, and evidence-based mental health care with existing health services. These elements are essential in the development of long-term sustainable services in LICs.

SHORT TITLE OF STUDY 6

TABLE OF CONTENTS

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 3

Doctoral Project Abstract 5

LIST OF TABLES 8

LIST OF FIGURES 9

CHAPTER ONE OVERVIEW of the STUDY 10

Background of the Study 11

Purpose of the Study 11

Significance of the Study 12

Definition of Key Terms 12

Organization of the Remaining Chapters 14

CHAPTER TWO LITERATURE REVIEW 16

Pre-Earthquake 18

Historical background concerning Haiti 18

Socioeconomic Status, Culture, and Religion 20

Formal and Informal Mental Health Services in Haiti 28

The Earthquake 35

Disaster Details 35

Research Question One 37

Research Question Two 38

Mental Health Disaster Needs 39

Mental Health Disaster Response 42

Post-Earthquake 51

Mental Health Services Coordination, Collaboration 56

Mental Health Service Programs 74

Research Question Three 74

Mental Health Needs, Challenges, Long-Term Service, Planning, and Policy 85

Research Question Four 94

Summary……………………………………………………………………… …………94

CHAPTER THREE METHODOLOGY 110

Research Method and Design 112

Participants 115

Instruments 116

Data Collection 118

Data Analysis 117

Other Elements of Research Design 118

Chapter Four Findings 120

Research Question One 121

Research Question Two 125

Research Question Three 130

Research Question Four 139

SHORT TITLE OF STUDY 7

Summary of Results 140

CHAPTER FIVE DISCUSSION of FINDINGS 141

Discussion of Findings 142

Implications for Practice 145

Recommendations for Research 147

Conclusion. 151

REFERENCES 152

 

SHORT TITLE OF STUDY 8

LIST OF TABLES

Table 1. Haiti 2010 earthquake: Disaster stressors associated with the forces of harm 123

Table 2. Haiti 2010 earthquake: The trauma signature 124

Table 3. World Health Organization projections of mental disorders in adult populations affected by emergencies 126

SHORT TITLE OF STUDY 9

LIST OF FIGURES

Figure 1. Haiti 19

Figure 2. A family transporting agricultural products to market, Port-au-Prince 21

Figure 3. Primary students in school uniform 23

Figure 4. Classroom at Foyer Renmen Orphanage, Bon Repos, Haiti 24

Figure 5. The National Palace ruins, Port-au-Prince 35

Figure 6. Houses destroyed, Port-au-Prince 36

Figure 7. Disaster ecology model 39

Figure 8. Internally displaced persons camp, Port-au-Prince 44

CREATING OPPORTUNITY AFTER CRISIS 10

CHAPTER ONE: OVERVIEW of the STUDY

Societies that experience complex emergencies require mental health support as part of their recovery. Mental health services are essential to improve the functioning and resilience of society (WHO, 2013a). This study will review literature that demonstrates the substantial treatment gap of mental health conditions in a low resource setting and its effects on the populace (WHO, 2013a). Haiti will be used as the example. Humanitarian emergencies offer opportunities in low resource settings to develop mental health services and improve the lives of people with mental health disorders (Lopez, Mathers, Ezzati, Jamison, & Murray, 2006 as cited in Abdulmalik et al., 2013). The devastating earthquake in Haiti in 2010 exposed its lack of preexisting mental health services. The earthquake served as the impetus for identifying and integrating mental health as an essential part of the post-earthquake Haitian health care system (Raviola, et al., 2013).

WHO (2013a) reported that humanitarian emergencies offer opportunities to low

resource settings to develop mental health services. WHO’s Department of Mental Health and Substance Abuse Director Mark van Ommeren noted that people affected by catastrophic events have long-term problems and require long-term care. He said emergencies present an enormous opportunity to build better health systems, especially mental health systems, which, according to WHO, are virtually nonexistent in low- and middle-income countries (New WHO report, 2013).

Explanation: