Descriptive Statistics Data Analysis

Prior to beginning work on this assignment, review Chapter 1 and Chapter 2 in your course textbook, Chapter 3 in the Jarman e-book, the Week 1 Instructor Guidance, and review the Module 2: Describing Data  video and the Khan Academy video on Interquartile Range (IQR) (Links to an external site.). Also, complete the Week 1 learning activity and Week 1 weekly review.

W1.A.Mean Median Mode.png

This exercise requires the use of a descriptive statistics calculator. You can find this tool in some versions of Excel (as part of the Analysis ToolPak) or you can use one of the many free online descriptive calculators such as the Descriptive Statistics Calculator (Links to an external site.)by Calculator Soup.

Your instructor will post an announcement with the data set for your Week 1 assignment.

First, use either Excel or the Calculator Soup descriptive statistics calculator to calculate the descriptive statistics for the given data set. This is explained in Chapter 1 of your course text.

You should get an output similar to the image in Figure 1.3 from your textbook. This output must contain the following values: mean, standard error, median, mode, standard deviation, sample variance, kurtosis, skewness, range, minimum, maximum, sum, and count.

Next, begin writing your paper by reporting your results for each of the values listed above.

Include the data set, the output from the analysis, and the answers to the following questions:

  • Evaluate the measures of central tendency. Address the following when completing this component:
    • Which measure of central tendency is most appropriate based on the data type?
    • Are the mean, median, and mode close to the same value? If not, what does this tell you about the numbers in the set?
    • Identify any mode(s) in the data set. Is there a mode at all? Is there more than one mode?
  • Calculate manually the interquartile range and the values of Q1 and Q3. (It is important to calculate this manually because the interquartile range and quartiles output from Calculator Soup might not be accurate.) Address the following when completing this component:
    • Test to see if there are any outliers in the set. If so, which number(s)?
    • Which method from Section 2.4 of the text did you first use to check for outliers?
    • Now try the other method from Section 2.4 of the text. Do you come to the same conclusion about outliers in the data set?
  • Explain which descriptive statistic you think best summarizes this set of numbers and why.
  • Choose three of the descriptive statistics that you feel best represent this data set. Why were they chosen?

The Descriptive Statistics Data Analysis assignment

  • Must be two to three double-spaced pages in length (not including title and references pages) and formatted according to APA Style as outlined in the Ashford Writing Center’s APA Style (Links to an external site.)
  • Must include a separate title page with the following:
    • Title of paper
    • Student’s name
    • Course name and number
    • Instructor’s name
    • Date submitted

For further assistance with the formatting and the title page, refer to APA Formatting for Word 2013 (Links to an external site.).

  • Must include an introduction and conclusion paragraph. Your introduction paragraph needs to end with a clear statement that indicates the purpose of your paper, to report and explain your analysis of the data set.
    • For assistance on writing Introductions & Conclusions (Links to an external site.), refer to the Ashford Writing Center resources.
  • Must use the course text and Excel or the Descriptive Statistics Calculator (Links to an external site.).
  • Must document any information used from sources in APA Style as outlined in the Ashford Writing Center’s APA: Citing Within Your Paper (Links to an external site.)

Must include a separate references page that is formatted according to APA Style as outlined in the Ashford Writing Center. See the APA: Formatting Your References List (Links to an external site.) resource in the Ashford Writing Center for specifications.

References:

https://www.khanacademy.org/math/ap-statistics/summarizing-quantitative-data-ap/measuring-spread-quantitative/v/calculating-interquartile-range-iqr

https://digital-films-com.proxy-library.ashford.edu/p_ViewVideo.aspx?xtid=6139

Also see the attachments  and if they do not open feel free to contact me.

PSY325 Week 1 Assignment Data Set 3

Interval scale variable

The numbers in this set represent the annual household income (in thousands) for 20 homes in

a certain neighborhood.

Household Income in thousands

1 22

2 25

3 28

4 18

5 24

6 25

7 20

8 26

9 29

10 23

11 25

12 31

13 27

14 25

15 32

16 26

17 99

18 26

19 28

20 78

If you wish to use Excel to calculate the descriptive statistics, highlight the second column in the

table above (not including the label “Income in thousands” in the first row), copy and paste it

into an Excel spreadsheet.

 

The data points have been arranged in ascending order below. If you wish to use Calculator

Soup instead of Excel, you may copy and paste this line of numbers into the Descriptive

Statistics Calculator.

18, 20, 22, 23, 24, 25, 25, 25, 25, 26, 26, 26, 27, 28, 28, 29, 31, 32, 78, 99

Case 3 Sooner Pharmaceuticals

Unit 6 Case 3 Sooner Pharmaceuticals

Kathleen Grogan received her PhD in pharmacology ten years ago from Boston University. While there, she became interested in the business side of drug distribution and hence stayed on for an extra 18 month to earn an MBA. After graduation, she went to work for Capo Corporation a major drug manufacturer, where she managed the development of a new nonprescription antiallergy drug. Although the drug passed all US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) trials and was certified for general use, Capo simultaneously developed a similar drug that was cheaper to produce and equally effective in treating most, but not all, allergy symptoms. Thus, Capo decided not to proceed with production of the drug that Kathleen helped develop. However, Capo was willing to license production and distribution rights to another company. Kathleen thought that this might be a golden opportunity, so she quit her job with Capo to found her own company, Sooner Pharmaceuticals. The sole purpose of Sooner Pharmaceuticals is to obtain the license for, produce, and distribute the new drug, which Kathleen dubbed “SneezeRelief”

Kathleen is currently working on the business plan for Sooner Pharmaceuticals that she will present at a venture capital conference in New York. The main purpose of the conference is to match entrepreneurs with venture capitalists who are interested in providing capital to fledgling firms. She has spent a lot of time thinking about how Sooner Pharmaceuticals receivables should be managed. She is concerned about this issue because she knows of several small drug manufacturers that have gotten into serious financial difficulty because of poor receivables management.

Initially, Sooner Pharmaceuticals would sell directly and exclusively to four retail customers in the northeast (exhibit 27.1 provides the sales mix). If demand proved solid, the company would expand into other areas and wholesale channels. Sales are expected to be highly seasonal: Allergy drug sales are slow during the winter months, but they pick up dramatically in the spring when plant pollen levels reach a peak. Business falls off again in the summer, but it picks up in the fall when the ragweed season begins. Kathleen’s sales forecasts for the first six months of operations are given in exhibit 27.2. Assuming Sooner Pharmaceuticals receives financing and begins operations, the sales forecasts for the first six months of the second year are provided in exhibit 27.3.

Kathleen does not plan to give discounts for early payment; discounts are not widely used in the industry. On the basis of preliminary discussions with retail outlets (Sooner Pharmaceuticals customers), she forecasts the payment schedule shown in exhibit 27.4. She does not foresee any problems with bad-debt losses. First, the retailers with whom she plans to do business have been in operation for a long time. Second, she plans to carefully screen all customers. She believes these two factors will eliminate bad-debt losses. On average, she believes that 20 percent of receivables will contribute to profits, so 80 percent of receivables represent cash costs. Furthermore, the First National Bank of Oklahoma has indicated that its receivables financing would cost 8 percent annually.

In spite of her optimism regarding bad-debt losses, Kathleen is concerned about Sooner Pharmaceuticals potential level of receivables, and she wants to put in place a monitoring system that will allow her to quickly spot any adverse trends that develop. The total sales forecast for the first full year of operations is 800,000 packages. Each package, which will contain 12 tablets, will be priced at $5. Kathleen has hired you as an outside consultant to advise her about receivables management. So far, you have developed a model that produces accounts receivable balances, average collection period (ACP), aging schedules, uncollected balances schedules, and quarterly carrying costs for the end of March and the end of June. The uncollected balances schedule permits managers to remove the effects of seasonal and or cyclical sales variation and to construct an accurate measure of receivables payment patterns. Thus, it provides financial managers with better aggregate information than do such crude measures as the ACP or aging schedule. Kathleen anticipates that the venture capitalists at the conference will ask some questions concerning the interpretation of the receivables data, the sensitivity of the results to the basic assumptions, and the strategies to reduce carrying cost of receivables.

Cost-Benefit Analysis

This solution evaluation process will be used to determine the potential success of your implemented solution. Success can be measured using both qualitative and quantitative methods, therefore it is important to determine which tools and metrics you will use to evaluate the data you have collected.

In this assignment, you will use cost-benefit analysis to evaluate the financial outcomes of your solution. Create a data chart or graph to most effectively display the cost-benefit evaluation metrics that you will use to measure the success of your solution. Review the study material “Cost Benefit Analysis Solution Evaluation” Excel spreadsheet to assist you. Then, write 250-word explanation of the degree of confidence you have regarding the cost-benefit analysis and the assumptions you are required to make for cost, risk, benefits, and the financial outcome of your proposed solution. Include an explanation of how you will measure whether the solution is successful in addressing the problem and meeting the needs of the business, employees, and customers.

Descriptors

Definitions:
Payback period – the period of time, expressed in months, that a project requires to recover the money invested in it (including the one-time savings which are often excluded by some calculators)
Benefit-cost ratio – an indicator that is often used to decide whether the benefits of a given project or solution outweigh the actual costs (the higher the ratio the better the investment)
Analysis horizon – the number of months the project is expected to be utilized before replacement or major upgrade
Implementation costs include capital costs (equipment, constructions, etc.), training, travel, outside professionals, lost of productivity during implementation & training, implementation costs such as installation, etc.
Ongoing costs include maintenance costs (monthly costs relating to the ongoing maintenance) and operational cost (internal labor, expendables, materials, supplies, etc.)
Hard savings – the direct benefits that affect the bottom line and can directly improve the financial performance of the organization (examples are: sales/price increase, cost reduction and productivity savings)
Soft savings – the indirect benefits which are difficult measure (they are mainly improved yield of a business process, the increased stakeholder satisfaction and the increased safety in the workplace)
One-time savings – examples are value of inventory reduction and sale of unneeded assets

Example

Call Center
$, hours, units E.g.: $/unit $ Year-1/partial year Year-2 Year-3
Cost/Benefit Unit Entry/Quantity Final/Total Description
Project Title C O S T S Implementation costs (one time) 8,000
CRM Rules for CCR Quality 1 Update rules in CRM 8,000 Cost to update rules
Solution Title/Description 2
3
Sponsor 4
CC Manager Ongoing costs (monthly) 0
Project Manager 1
J Doe 2
Timeframe for CBA (in months) 3
12 4
Estimated cost/savings year one (maximum 12) >>>Total Costs (monthly) 667 3,333 11,333 19,333
5 B E N E F I T S Hard and soft savings (monthly) 1,200
Average labor cost (hourly / daily) 1 Saving from reduced calls Calls 5000 1,000
$23.00 2 Saving from reduced QC QC 500 200
Assumptions/Comments 3
1 4
2 Savings (one time) 0
3 1
4 2
5 3
6 4
7 >>>Total benefits (monthly) 1,200 6,000 20,400 34,800
Benefit-cost ratio 1.80 667 Monthly payback Net cash flow Net gains 2,667 9,067 15,467
Monthly payback period 6.7 0 6.7 1,200 ROI 80.0%

Cost Benefit Analysis

$, hours, units E.g.: $/unit $ Year-1/partial year Year-2 Year-3
Cost/Benefit Unit Entry/Quantity Final/Total Description
Project Title C O S T S Implementation costs (one time)
1
Solution Title/Description 2
3
Sponsor 4
CC Manager Ongoing costs (monthly) 0
Project Manager 1
J Doe 2
Timeframe for CBA (in months) 3
4
Estimated cost/savings year one (maximum 12) >>>Total Costs (monthly)
5 B E N E F I T S Hard and soft savings (monthly) 0
Average labor cost (hourly / daily) 1 5000
2 500
Assumptions/Comments 3
1 4
2 Savings (one time) 0
3 1
4 2
5 3
6 4
7 >>>Total benefits (monthly)
Benefit-cost ratio Monthly payback Net cash flow Net gains
Monthly payback period 0 ROI

Final Strategic Development – Organization Is Johns Hopkins Medical

Please use info below. Use previous assignments and make it flow into one big strategic plan. Will need by 3pm on April 18th.

Using the completed exercises and guideline, write a 10- 12-page paper on how to develop a strategic plan using your chosen organization (Organization is Johns Hopkins Medical) as the main subject, but incorporate other resources as needed.

The project paper should include:

  1. Cover page
  2. Abstract
  3. Introduction
  4. Corporate mission
  5. The culture and the community
  6. Results from the competitive analysis
  7. Results from broad analysis
  8. Financial statement from the past 5 years
  9. McKinsey 7 results or BCG analysis results *Can use the exercise, but a paragraph must be included to explain the results
  10. Ansoff or TOWs results in paragraph form
  11. Strategic fit within the organization and community
  12. Summation of strategic plan
  13. Reference page with a minimum of 8 references all in APA format – no URLs accepted alone.Assignment 10: Strategic Fit Outline

    Ebonee Jarrell

    April 11, 2021

     

    1. Organizational Information

    Johns Hopkins Hospital is a world-renowned facility that is ranked among the top three adult hospitals in the United States and number one in Maryland. Johns Hopkins Medicine has established a mission that focuses on improving the health of residents of Baltimore and surrounding communities. They are committed to setting a worldwide standard of excellence in research, clinical care, and medical education (Behr, 2020).

    Johns Hopkins Hospital has established initiatives to enhance the care and treatment needs of the community it serves. By establishing 300 programs, they identified high priority issues to include asthma, cancer, diabetes, obesity, mental health, substance abuse, and more (Behr, 2020). Many of the initiatives are directed to assist the local communities of Baltimore. However, Johns Hopkins has expanded their markets to areas in the Washington, DC metro area. These facilities include Sibley Memorial Hospital in Washington DC, Suburban Hospital in Montgomery County, MD and Johns Hopkins All Children’s Hospital in St. Petersburg, Florida to name a few. These expansions further enable the organization to expound on the initiatives to enhance the treatments in the surrounding communities.

     

    2. Corporate Mission

    While Johns Hopkins Medicine facilities maintain their own healthcare objectives for the communities they serve, they all share the same mission, vision and core values. This approach allows them to push out and provide a standardized innovation plan to all of their facilities. “Innovation 2023 is Johns Hopkins Medicine’s Strategic Plan for fiscal years 2019 through 2023” (Q, 2018). This strategic plan establishes priorities, guides business tactics and resolutions, and furthers their legacy of innovation and distinction in patient care, research and education.

    As outlined in their mission, vision, core values, and Innovation 2023 Strategic Plan, Johns Hopkins Medicine is committed maintain the reputation of high quality, elite care that they have established over the years. They have expanded their facilities to produce the services and capabilities to meet the needs of the surrounding community.

    3. Research and competitive analysis

    The strategic plan is broken into six pillars. Three of the pillars in the strategic plan seem to focus on the patient. The first one is “Make Johns Hopkins Medicine Easy” which targets enriching the patient experience by bettering access to care, communication and transitional care. The second pillar called “Support the Well-Being of Our People and Our Communities” is designed to grow the local community engagement and foster a culture within the organization that supports diversity and inclusion. The last patient focused strategy is “Improve the Quality and Affordability of Health Care.” This strategy is intended to maximize the value for all patients by having a concentrated focus on safety, quality, and efficiency while striving for continuous improvements of performance (Q, 2018).

    The final three strategies focus on furthering the organization as a whole. “Work Like One Organization” builds upon their leadership by working to become the standard in the integrated health care delivery system. Another plan is “Push the Boundaries of Science and Education” which enriches the atmosphere for learning through continued innovation and investing in fundamental science to develop new ways to teach, train, and deliver clinical care. Lastly, and most fitting, is “Aim for Precision in Everything We Do.” This final strategic plan uses data in innovative techniques to direct decisions in all aspects of the organization to include finances, administration, education as well patient care (Q, 2018).

     

    4. Broad analysis

    a. 5-forces

    The government policies regarding the levels of hospitals and the required services that they are expected to provide, regardless of whether they are profitable or not to the hospital ensures that for Johns Hopkins Medical to maintain its level and continue to function as a major healthcare facility, it has to maintain some services and evaluate the available resources that may enable it open new branches or wings.

    With the emergence of numerous other healthcare options and providers, Johns Hopkins has to spend capital on advertisement and marketing, to ensure that it remains the leading healthcare provider, not only to its immediate vicinity but to the potential clients as well. The patients give Johns Hopkins Medical its goals and drive. This means that the organization has to spend a considerable amount of money to maintain legal matters, try to win lawsuits, and pay settlements where required.

    b. SWOT-EFE

    The SWOT-EFE provides an analysis of the external contexts of the selected organization, providing a view into the external circumstances that could lead to the development or collapse of the organization (Gürel & Tat,2017). The Johns Hopkins medicine is an institution that aims to provide high-quality healthcare to its patients and community. The threats and opportunities cover the external portion of the SWOT analysis.

     

    5. Financial statement

    McKinsey’s 7-S Framework are (1) style which is the kind of leadership the organization uses to achieve their goals (2) skills which refer to the actual skills and competencies of the organization’s employees; (3) systems which refers to the daily activities and procedure that staff use to get the job done and the goals are met; (4) structure which is how the company is organized, how departments are structures; (5) staff which refers to the employees and their general capabilities; (6) strategy which is the organization’s plan for building and maintain a competitive advantage over its competitors;; and (7) shared values which is the core values of the organization where every S is anchored. This is the corporate culture and general work ethics.

    BCG Matrix on the other hand is a business method which based its theory on the life cycle of products. It is known as the Boston Box or Grid or Charts that are divided into four types of scenarios, Stars, Cash Cows, Dogs and Question Marks. The Stars is the scenario where there is the optimum situation of high growth and high share, this method requires an increased investment due to the continuous growth; the Cash Cow cycle deals with low growth and high share. This scenario requires a low investment, but the growth is very slow; the Dogs method is the situation where the growth is low and the market share is low, this is one of the worst situations. In this situation if the products are not delivering the cash then it is best to liquidate; and the Question mark means high market growth but low shares. In this situation there is a high demand but low returns. It is best to try and increase market share or get it to deliver cash.

     

     

     

    6. Generic Strategies

    a. TOWs

    TOWS is a widely used tool emergent from the SWOT analysis framework that enables an analysis of strategy development by matching the Threats of the organization to the Weaknesses, and the Strengths to the Opportunities. This provides a variety of recommendations for efficient development through the risks in the contexts (Weihrich,1982).

    7. Strategic Fit Results

    The institution can offer better coverage for the disadvantaged patients admitted to the

    facility in order to avoid any lawsuits that can arise from this tangent. The institution can invest in research concerning the dreaded diseases and remedies to enable it to be able to stand up to its competitors who offer comparatively better care for those afflicted.

    Johns Hopkins Medical can also offer the specialization courses in the university and

    employ trained personnel to offer the surgeries and medical procedures, leading it to provide at par or better healthcare than its competition. The institution can provide racial diversity directives and policies to evade tags and legislative directives that may adversely affect the institution.

     

     

     

     

    References

    Behr, Z. (2020, December 17).  Mission, Vision and Values | Johns Hopkins Medicine. Johns Hopkins Medicine. https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/about/mission.html

     

    Bruijl, G. H. T. (2018). The relevance of Porter’s five forces in today’s innovative and changing

    business environment. Available at SSRN 3192207.

     

    Dandage, R. V., Mantha, S. S., & Rane, S. B. (2019). Strategy development using TOWS matrix

    for international project risk management based on prioritization of risk categories, International Journal of Managing Projects in Business.

     

    Gürel, E., & Tat, M. (2017). SWOT analysis: a theoretical review. Journal of International Social Research10(51).

     

    Navarro, E. C., Mina, J. C., & Campos Jr R. B. (2020). Strategy Development of Information

    Technology- Related Services Using TOWS Matrix Analysis: A Case of Neust San Isidro

    Campus.

     

    Oneren, M., Arar, T., &Yurdakul, G. (2017). Developing competitive strategies based on SWOT

    analysis in Porter’s five forces model by DANP. Journal Of Business Research-Turk,

    9(2), 511-528.

     

    Pronovost, P. J., Mathews, S. C., Chute, C. G., & Rosen, A. (2017). Creating a purpose‐driven learning and improving health system: The Johns Hopkins Medicine quality and safety experience. Learning Health Systems1(1), e10018.

     

    Q, A. (2018, December 12). John Hopkins Medicine Strategic Plan Innovation 2023. John Hopkins Medicine. https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/strategic-plan/

     

    Saltman, R. B., & Chanturidze, T. (2020). Why Is Reform of Hospitals So Difficult? In Understanding Hospitals in Changing Health Systems (pp. 167-192). Palgrave Macmillan, Cham.

     

    Varelas, S., & Georgopoulos, N. (2017). Porter’s competitive forces in the modern globalized

    hospitality sector- the case of a Greek tourism destination. J Tour Res, 18, 121-131

     

    Weihrich, H. (1982). The TOWS matrix- A tool for situational analysis. Long range planning,

    15(2)’ 54-66.