submit a 8500 words paper on the topic How Does Nikes Questionable Manufacturing Practices in Asia Affect Their Brand Image.

/in /by

Hi, need to submit a 8500 words paper on the topic How Does Nikes Questionable Manufacturing Practices in Asia Affect Their Brand Image. Critics accuse Nike for malpractices and gaining fame and success without any Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) in its own manufacturing plants. Instead of improving the working conditions in its manufacturing plants the company spends more on marketing by using faces of high profile celebrities such as Michael Jordan to popularize its brand and attract customers (Mujtaba et al. pg. 1, 2005). With Jordan, the company’s sales went through the roof. After him a number of celebrities were heavily paid to endorse the brand. These included Tiger Woods, Ken Griffey Jr., Pete Sampras and Andre Agassi (Sporting Goods Companies: Nike, n.d.). The issue of malpractices by Nike was disclosed in the 90s decade. The issue of low paid foreign factory workers first became prominent when the world renowned celebrity, Kathy Lee Gifford, was accused for endorsing garments that were manufactured by low wages workers in the developing countries. Gifford promised to participate in improving the condition of the workers. The famous brand, Nike, also became a subject of similar controversy. Nike was accused of having sweatshops in the developing countries where workers were paid even below the minimum wages standard (Mujtaba et al. pg. 1, 2005).

submit a 1250 words paper on the topic Perceptions of Different Cultures.

/in /by

Hi, need to submit a 1250 words paper on the topic Perceptions of Different Cultures. Globalization and civilization have made each community more aware of itself, its image, its reputation and its attitude towards its culture and the risk of trust or distrust in other people’s cultures. Some communicative behavior is comprehensive, others specific to a given society just as much as words that only have a much significant in a specific language. Different cultures have distinctive ways of assigning intention to common behaviors within informal verbal exchange such as the use of gaze and head –gestures (Saunders 118). Like in the Kazakhs culture they believe that the most powerful healer received the power from a tattoo that was not colored but it was a sign that she is one of the community healers while others believe tattoos are meant for beauty and body decorations. In the Kazakhs feast, Molina stares at Huston in a long unsmiling gaze to say that she was welcomed while she expected a jovial facial expression to show that she is accepted and welcomed in the feast (Zaleski 101). The perceptions of the two cultures on the facial expressions vary in the sense that they have different concepts of the informal verbal communication.

Provide a 2 pages analysis while answering the following question: Communication conflict between culture. Prepare this assignment according to the guidelines found in the APA Style Guide. An abstract is required.

/in /by

Provide a 2 pages analysis while answering the following question: Communication conflict between culture. Prepare this assignment according to the guidelines found in the APA Style Guide. An abstract is required. Communication conflict between cultures Introduction: Communication, in its various forms, mainly verbal and non-verbal, has remained the most effective means of interaction between people from different social, cultural and linguistic discipline. In the modern world, where globalization has emerged as one of the most important factors to introduce cultural and social harmony among common people from different socio-religious traditions, communication is considered as a matter of highest importance in order to maintain the pace of such harmonization. The human existence, though, is dependent on several common factors however, every society has its own cultural traits that have been developed due to centuries of historical, religious and behaviorist approaches. Thus, when it comes to performing communication between two separate cultures, there is a high possibility that due to differences in cultural influences such process of communication and the elements of conflict that obviously remain integrally related with methods of communication among people belonging to separate socio-cultural disciplines, would contradict against one another and such problem of contradiction between cultures, in the context of communication, is surely a matter of great concern.

Communication and Intercultural Communication: Definition, Challenge and Theories

According to scholarly interpretations, the process of communication can be defined “[as] a system of behavior” (Novinger 4). Consequently, it has also been identified that “[because] different cultures often demand very different behaviors, intercultural communication is more complex than communication between persons of same culture” (Novinger 4). However, in order to over the obstacles of intercultural communication, several attempts have been made by sociological and linguistic scholars and those attempts have resulted in considerable progress since last 20 years within the same domain. According to the theorists, the entire process of communication can be divided into two categories, namely, subjective and objective. The objectivists of intercultural communication are of opinion that another world, which is separate from general individual existence, exists and people in search of harmony among behavior of other people orient their methods of communication by depending on situations or environment. Thus, according to objectivists, communication is not self-determined. rather it is dependent on external factors like situation or environment. The subjectivists, however, have adopted quite a contrasting position than that of the objectivists as they opine that communication generates from free human behavior and proper analysis of human behavior or modes of communication from different perspectives, would also clearly help people in realizing the truth in support of the observation” (Gudykunst 167).

The case of Raymond and Joseph:

The conflict of communication between Raymond and Joseph, who belong to two different domains of cultural existence, becomes a practical proof in support of the challenges that people encounter in the context of intercultural communication. Raymond being white and Joseph, on the other, being Native American, have different approaches towards life and mutual interaction, which has been developed under influence of their respective cultural upbringing. Both the sociological and historical trends of America clearly provide evidence in support of the observation that as whites have, for ages, dominated over their African American and Native American counterparts, they generally consider themselves superior than the latter. At the same time, the attempts of proving themselves superior in every aspect of life are also quite evident in their respective behavior (Feagin 206-207). In Raymond’s behavior towards Joseph, the same traditional traits of dominance or unconscious attempts to prove his cultural superiority are evident. Raymond’s refusal to share his umbrella or his fury regarding the fact that Joseph’s Native American friends have sat on his bed without his permission show that he has a sense of supremacy. The same sense has actually prevented him from regarding himself equal to that of Joseph or to people belonging to different cultural traditions. His attempt to establish his supremacy over Joseph becomes quite explicit as he suggests Joseph to accept the $10, as if he wanted to prove his superior financial capacity than that of the latter. His munching of chips, while Joseph is sleeping, is also representative of the approach that as he regards his room partner socially and culturally inferior to him, that is why Joseph is required to make all sorts of adjustments alone and he can execute his choices in his own ways. The process of communication between these people, belonging in two different cultural situations, could have been easier if Raymond would have shown certain respect or flexible approach towards Joseph.

Conclusion:

The problems that Raymond and Joseph have encountered during process of their communication due to their cultural differences, is quite random in daily course of individual action. No matter how much theorists have come up with different methods to solve this problem, however, the best possible way to make situation easy in case of intercultural communication is to empathize and have a respectful attitude towards other people as well as their respective cultures. Once people learn to believe that like their own culture, every other culture has certain uniqueness and novelty of approach and they learn to interpret those aspects with respect, the situation becomes easier to handle the conflict of intercultural communication in a better way.

Works Cited

Feagin, Joe R. Racist America: roots, current realities, and future reparations. London:

Routledge. 2001.

Gudykunst, William B. Cross-cultural and intercultural communication. London: SAGE.

2003.

Novinger, Tracy. Intercultural communication: a practical guide. Texas: University of

Texas Press. 2001.

Provide a 2 pages analysis while answering the following question: Communication conflict between culture. Prepare this assignment according to the guidelines found in the APA Style Guide. An abstract is required. Communication conflict between cultures Introduction: Communication, in its various forms, mainly verbal and non-verbal, has remained the most effective means of interaction between people from different social, cultural and linguistic discipline. In the modern world, where globalization has emerged as one of the most important factors to introduce cultural and social harmony among common people from different socio-religious traditions, communication is considered as a matter of highest importance in order to maintain the pace of such harmonization. The human existence, though, is dependent on several common factors however, every society has its own cultural traits that have been developed due to centuries of historical, religious and behaviorist approaches. Thus, when it comes to performing communication between two separate cultures, there is a high possibility that due to differences in cultural influences such process of communication and the elements of conflict that obviously remain integrally related with methods of communication among people belonging to separate socio-cultural disciplines, would contradict against one another and such problem of contradiction between cultures, in the context of communication, is surely a matter of great concern.

Communication and Intercultural Communication: Definition, Challenge and Theories

According to scholarly interpretations, the process of communication can be defined “[as] a system of behavior” (Novinger 4). Consequently, it has also been identified that “[because] different cultures often demand very different behaviors, intercultural communication is more complex than communication between persons of same culture” (Novinger 4). However, in order to over the obstacles of intercultural communication, several attempts have been made by sociological and linguistic scholars and those attempts have resulted in considerable progress since last 20 years within the same domain. According to the theorists, the entire process of communication can be divided into two categories, namely, subjective and objective. The objectivists of intercultural communication are of opinion that another world, which is separate from general individual existence, exists and people in search of harmony among behavior of other people orient their methods of communication by depending on situations or environment. Thus, according to objectivists, communication is not self-determined. rather it is dependent on external factors like situation or environment. The subjectivists, however, have adopted quite a contrasting position than that of the objectivists as they opine that communication generates from free human behavior and proper analysis of human behavior or modes of communication from different perspectives, would also clearly help people in realizing the truth in support of the observation” (Gudykunst 167).

The case of Raymond and Joseph:

The conflict of communication between Raymond and Joseph, who belong to two different domains of cultural existence, becomes a practical proof in support of the challenges that people encounter in the context of intercultural communication. Raymond being white and Joseph, on the other, being Native American, have different approaches towards life and mutual interaction, which has been developed under influence of their respective cultural upbringing. Both the sociological and historical trends of America clearly provide evidence in support of the observation that as whites have, for ages, dominated over their African American and Native American counterparts, they generally consider themselves superior than the latter. At the same time, the attempts of proving themselves superior in every aspect of life are also quite evident in their respective behavior (Feagin 206-207). In Raymond’s behavior towards Joseph, the same traditional traits of dominance or unconscious attempts to prove his cultural superiority are evident. Raymond’s refusal to share his umbrella or his fury regarding the fact that Joseph’s Native American friends have sat on his bed without his permission show that he has a sense of supremacy. The same sense has actually prevented him from regarding himself equal to that of Joseph or to people belonging to different cultural traditions. His attempt to establish his supremacy over Joseph becomes quite explicit as he suggests Joseph to accept the $10, as if he wanted to prove his superior financial capacity than that of the latter. His munching of chips, while Joseph is sleeping, is also representative of the approach that as he regards his room partner socially and culturally inferior to him, that is why Joseph is required to make all sorts of adjustments alone and he can execute his choices in his own ways. The process of communication between these people, belonging in two different cultural situations, could have been easier if Raymond would have shown certain respect or flexible approach towards Joseph.

Conclusion:

The problems that Raymond and Joseph have encountered during process of their communication due to their cultural differences, is quite random in daily course of individual action. No matter how much theorists have come up with different methods to solve this problem, however, the best possible way to make situation easy in case of intercultural communication is to empathize and have a respectful attitude towards other people as well as their respective cultures. Once people learn to believe that like their own culture, every other culture has certain uniqueness and novelty of approach and they learn to interpret those aspects with respect, the situation becomes easier to handle the conflict of intercultural communication in a better way.

Works Cited

Feagin, Joe R. Racist America: roots, current realities, and future reparations. London:

Routledge. 2001.

Gudykunst, William B. Cross-cultural and intercultural communication. London: SAGE.

2003.

Novinger, Tracy. Intercultural communication: a practical guide. Texas: University of

Texas Press. 2001.

Provide a 6 pages analysis while answering the following question: Corporate Practice of Chinese Organizations. Prepare this assignment according to the guidelines found in the APA Style Guide. An abstract is required.

/in /by

Provide a 6 pages analysis while answering the following question: Corporate Practice of Chinese Organizations. Prepare this assignment according to the guidelines found in the APA Style Guide. An abstract is required. The Chinese culture is largely influenced by the social interactions and interpersonal relationships between the individuals in the society. The Chinese language is spoken by more than 85 percent of the population and is considered one of the toughest languages of the world. The language is also called Putonghua and is also claimed as the country’s national and official language (Kane, 2006). The remaining Chinese population speaks Mandarin which is one of the most popular dialectics of China. The Chinese economy is one of the fast paced economies of the world and there has been a sudden increase in the per capita income of the consumers. In the year 2008, the annual income exceeded 1.6 million and is expected to exceed 4.4 million by the end of 2015 (He, Zou & Jin, 2010). It is observed that the Chinese society is a highly collectivist culture where the interest of the team is given more importance than the priority of the individual. It is not necessary that in a family-oriented business there would be preferential treatment towards the family members. The workers would prefer working on a holiday or a public holiday to meet the deadlines of the work. The commitment towards the organization is high than the employee’s interest and goals (Duel, 2012). The relationships of employees within the group are warm and cooperative while the relationship with other groups is hostile and cold. The Chinese employees believe in cooperating with each other for the delivery of excellent performance (Pang, Roberts & Sutton, 1998). For example, the MG6 was the first automobile designed by Shanghai Automotive Corporation in the UK. The success of the car was totally contributed to the effective teamwork between the Chinese employees. If a western organization wishes to collaborate with the Chinese department then they should lay emphasis on communicating the ideas and processes to the Chinese employees with patience and clarity for successful performance (Xiaoming, 2011). The power distance lays emphasis on the impact of the influence of the culture within a society or an organization (SagePub, 2006). It is observed that the individuals working in the society and the employees working in the organization are not treated as equals. The Chinese Society maintains a rank system and follows the hierarchy stringently. Chinese society believes that the inequalities prevalent in society are acceptable. Therefore, we can observe that Chinese society has high power distance and the misbehavior against elderly and aged people is unacceptable (The Hofstede Centre, 2013b). Family planning is a crucial decision making in China and the decision is often vested upon the elderly population out of respect. The young people respect the decision making of the aged people and provide them with proper care. There has been a remarkable improvement in the life expectancy of the elderly population of China.