Write 3 pages with APA style on Changing Nurse-Patient Ratio Staffing.

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Write 3 pages with APA style on Changing Nurse-Patient Ratio Staffing. Several studies have also shown a correlation between nursing staffing and improved patient outcomes (Aiken et al. 2010). As a result, there has been a growing need to improve the nurse-staffing ration in the country to prevent the deaths that occur due to lack of enough nurse personnel. Currently, California became the first state to introduce a threshold on nurse-patient ratio in all general acute care health care institutions as noted by Aiken et al. (2010). Many states have failed to pass this critical legislation due to the nature of politics involved in any legislative process. Abood (2007) argues that any health care issue such as the legislation of nurse patient ratio has to go through different phases of policy processes, beginning with proposal all through to implementation phase. These stages are impacted largely by elected officials, organizations, individuals, and special interests. The divergent views and competing interest of the different factions normally make it difficult to pass any legislation regardless of how beneficial the health issue might be to citizens. As a result, a nurse must use effective strategies to influence the different factions to accept and pass a given legislation. Below are the strategies that will be employed to influence legislators to pass the nurse patient ratio bill.

Compose a 2000 words assignment on bg group plc accounting.

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Compose a 2000 words assignment on bg group plc accounting. Needs to be plagiarism free! Of the three business segments of the company, the E&P segment is the largest in terms of non-current assets subject to impairment issues. Oil and gas exploration is a capital intensive activity and all costs incurred are capitalized as intangible assets until oil or gas is discovered. Once the reserves are proven, these costs are transferred to property, plant and equipment in the company balance sheet. Costs incurred on unsuccessful oil and gas fields are written off in the in the income statement (BG Report 2011, pp 89).

This method of accounting based on “successful efforts” is not a term defined in the IFRS 6 but used by the oil and gas industry as a carry over from previous GAAP practices (KPMG, 2008). BG plc does not differentiate between development fields and production fields. This too is inline with accepted industry practice (KPMG, 2008).

Non current assets are reviewed at least once a year for impairment. As on 31 December 2011, BG Group held a balance of $ 4,383 million in expenditure related to unproved oil and gas reserves within the category of intangible assets. In the previous accounting year, this figure was higher at $5,342 million (BG Report 2011, pp 89).

For assessment of impairment, BG plc combines oil and gas production fields into cash generating units based on geographical location, use of common facilities and marketing arrangements (BG Report 2011, pp90). This disclosure is not usually made in Oil company reports (KPMG, 2008) and is therefore an improvement on industry practice.

BG plc uses the net present value of future cash flows for impairment assessment using certain short term and long term assumptions depending on the nature of the asset. The Exploration & Production business segment is particularly sensitive to commodity prices.

writing homework on The causes of crime are ultimately matters of individual responsibility and choice.

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Need help with my writing homework on The causes of crime are ultimately matters of individual responsibility and choice. Critically discuss. Write a 4000 word paper answering; Many of the different approaches to dealing with crime are developed within those frameworks from the various assumptions and values which hold sway within that particular nation. It is more likely that, for countries or systems that believe a criminal is a product of his or her environment, money will be spent on rehabilitation and treatment with much less emphasis on custodial sentences. For those who believe people are responsible for their actions and intend to commit crimes (indeed intention, or mens rea, is required in all systems in order to convict someone of crime), the emphasis is likely to be on punishment, generally not specifically intended to address rehabilitation, such as custody. Clearly these concepts require a great deal of unpacking which will be done in the course of this essay. The key thing is to examine the various explanations as to why people commit crimes, be they biological psychological or sociological, and what sorts of criminal systems such approaches generate.

It is quite imperative to begin this analysis by acknowledging the variety of definitions of crime as used by various criminal justice systems all over the world. The variety of such definitions has been brought about by the modern society whereby some people differ on what is good and what is wrong. In relation to this, some crimes are said to be acceptable in some circumstances by some groups while others, non-criminal, actions are believed unacceptable. What then ringers in our minds is who has the power to define the term crime? However, the term has had a number of definitions. To start with, a crime is said to be an act prescribed by law and is subject to punishment. It can not only be an act, but also an omission which is failure to act where law enforces a duty to act.

Write a 6 pages paper on managed pressure and underbalanced drilling.

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Write a 6 pages paper on managed pressure and underbalanced drilling. The economic revolution of the modern era is exclusively based on the availability of quality oil and gas products. Therefore, scientists have been working on various methods to improve the extraction procedures for fuel. Underbalanced drilling and managed pressure drilling are two of the most common drilling techniques being implemented in today’s oil and gas industry. Underbalanced drilling is opposite to conventional drilling techniques. In this technique wellbore pressure is kept lower as compared to formation fluid, this result in the smooth movement of formation fluids to the surface of the wellbore(Gala and Toralde, 2011) and helps to avoid blowouts.

Underbalanced drilling is good to be used in drilling rigs as it provides the least wear to the well with increased production rate(NW_Air, 2014), but meanwhile, this technique is expensive and unreliable. While drilling deeper in the wellbore, it is sometimes difficult to maintain an underbalanced condition and the pressure within the wellbore is increased may be as a result of increased density of soil. The boring will ultimately be shifted to an overbalanced condition and this may harm the system resulting in irreversible damage and making the oil extraction expensive. Another most common drilling technique is the modification of an overbalanced technique and is used where wellbore pressure is kept higher but is continuously monitored and maintained in order to avoid any unpleasant situation. If the wellbore pressure becomes excessively high, then it is maintained by making use of different densities of mud and formation fluids and also controlling by not generating continuous influx formation fluid to the surface of the wellbore. This method is exclusively known as managed pressure drilling as it makes use of an adaptive technique to control the balance between the wellbore and its environment(Montilva et al., 2010).