write an article on Building Environment. It needs to be at least 2250 words.

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Hello, I am looking for someone to write an article on Building Environment. It needs to be at least 2250 words. The building and construction sector undertakes both the jobs of erecting new structures along with making additions, alterations, and repairs to existing ones (“Nature of the Construction Industry”).

Construction projects may be offered by archaeological departments, public works, ministries, department of railways, post and telegraph, town and country planning, and in public sector undertakings (“Employment Opportunities in Construction”). The private sector and local bodies also demand constructional activities (“Employment Opportunities in Construction”). Professional construction managers are looked for by big construction houses, multinationals, builders and promoter firms, real estate developers, and construction consultancy firms (“Employment Opportunities in Construction”). The banking and housing finance sector recruit qualified construction managers for dealing with construction finance and project appraisal activities (“Employment Opportunities in Construction”).

The general contractors handling construction work chiefly specialize in one type of construction such as residential or commercial building (“Nature of the Construction Industry”). These contractors shoulder the complete responsibility of the entire work other than specified sections of the task that may be omitted from the general contract (“Nature of the Construction Industry”). The general contractors take up a part of the work with their own crews (“Nature of the Construction Industry”). However, most of the time, they subcontract the majority of their job to heavy construction or specialty trade contractors (“Nature of the Construction Industry”).

Specialty trade contractors often take up the job of one single trade, for instance, painting, carpentry, or electrical work, or of two or more closely related trades for example plumbing and heating (“Nature of the Construction Industry”). Their jobs are restricted to fitting their work to that of the other trades (“Nature of the Construction&nbsp.Industry”).&nbsp.

submit a 2250 words paper on the topic Quantitative Easing as a Policy

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Hi, need to submit a 2250 words paper on the topic Quantitative Easing as a Policy. Following 2008, financial crisis qualitative easing became an element of recovery to the central banks that their interest rates were close to zero lower bound or at zero (Benford, Berry, Nikolov, & Young, 2009). With the intensification of the crisis, most international central banks took possible measures in supporting demand and loosening monetary policies. The bank of England through its monetary policy committee (MPC) dealt with it by cutting interest rates by up to three percentage points in bank rate. In early 2009, the bank further reduced it by one and a half per cent. MPC in their analysis explained that the cut could not meet the consumer price index of two per cent hence need to purchase private and public assets using the central bank money. This led to the introduction of qualitative easing in the United Kingdom economy. The idea behind this was to inject liquid money back into the economy to help boost nominal spending and achieve the two per cent inflation target. Discussion To avert the financial crisis, the bank of England purchased a large amount of United Kingdom governments bonds (gilts). By January 2010, the bank had purchased medium and long-dated gilts worth 200 billion of assets, and this represented fourteen per cent of annual GDP and 30 per cent of private-sector outstanding gilts. In so doing, and by a combination of support measures the bank balance sheet increased in relation to the GDP threefold before the crisis. To implement this technique further, the government gave authority to the bank to purchase corporate bonds and high-quality paper. The government did so in order to improve market functioning by acting as a backstop buyer and seller (Hamilton, 2010). Asset purchasing is one of the unconventional policy measures applied in the bank to loosen the monetary policy. The bank aim of assets purchasing was to cut the bank rates and hence stimulating nominal spending with the aim of meeting the two per cent inflation target. This initiative also alleviated inflation that had been domestically generated. Assets purchases affected inflation and spending through different potential channels. First, it increased money holdings and pushed up the prices of the assets while stimulating the expenditure by increasing wealth and lowering borrowing costs. It also stimulated impact by broadening expectations and its influence on bank lending rates. Effects of assets purchasing The purchasing of assets led to Policy signalling effects, which included the expectations by market participants of policy rates to remain low for longer. At the time of expectations, policy makers were dealing with the issue of falling inflation below the expected medium target. The falling of inflation could have led to pushing up on real interest rates while reducing spending and keeping nominal rates at low levels (Hancock, & Passmore, 2011). The assets purchase assisted in keeping inflation expectations on target through supporting of spending. The signalling effect anchored inflation expectations on track hence hiding the real state of the economy to the agents on their views. The other effect of assets purchasing in stabilizing the economy was through portfolio balance effects, which entailed pushing up prices of other assets and the bought assets. This happened in the sense that after the bank buying assets, there is an increase in money&nbsp.holdings by the sellers. &nbsp.

prepare and submit a term paper on The Second New Deal. Your paper should be a minimum of 750 words in length.

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You will prepare and submit a term paper on The Second New Deal. Your paper should be a minimum of 750 words in length. THE SECOND NEW DEAL The Second New Deal During the 1930’s, America was facing a number of reforms in its social, economic and political life. A number of its leaders such as Huey Long, Father Charles Coughlin, Alfred Landon as well as the President Franklin Roosevelt came up with various policies that were supposed to look out and carter for the needs of the citizens. Some of these policies fell under the New Deal which was challenged for not being effective. As a result of this, Franklin Roosevelt came up with a number of new policies that came to be known as the Second New Deal and various issues as pertains to the new deal will be the focus of discussion in this paper. The Second New Deal had a number of goals, first, there was determination to fight poverty, this was one issue that the New Deal did not address thus Roosevelt felt he was supposed to look at. Secondly, it was going to counter the mass unemployment in the country with employment for most idlers. Another goal that the second deal had was to provide social safety in the whole region as well as deal with the crisis of bank failures (Kennedy, 1999). To achieve these goals, the Second New Deal was going to propose several pieces of legislation so that what they were planning to do was going to be accepted on a national scale, thus embraced by everyone one. With regard to this, several acts were passed in the assembly. One of them was the Social Security Act, this act provided benefits in terms of money for the elderly and the unemployed, and this was to be under the unemployed insurance and old age pensions. It was also to cater for the blind and the physically challenged persons (Kennedy, 1999). This was to be funded by a double tax on every working Americans paycheck. This was one group of people that had been abandoned in the earlier deal and Roosevelt argued that they ought to be catered for in the New Deal (Kennedy, 1999). The Wagner Act, that was named after Robert Wagner, the senator who introduced the bill that later came to be known as the National Labor Relations Act was also formed. This act forced employers to allow their employees to form unions so that they could get the power to collectively bargain for their rights. According to Kennedy, 1999, the Works Progress Administration Act was passed on the April of 1935. This Act helped unemployed people by offering them the opportunity to work in public works projects all over the country. These included projects such as the construction of schools, playgrounds and other public facilities as well as theatrical productions and writing projects to those who could manage such. The Second New Deal was effective in doing all of this because. as a result of the Works Progress Administration Act nearly 10 million Americans were hired to construct public amenities in under a decade with the Congress using almost $10 billion in this project. On the other hand, the Social Security Act was also gathering a lot of success. it gave income to the most destitute in the society such as the blind (Kennedy, 1999). In addition to this, it completely changed the views that most Americans had regarding work and retirement. Earlier, retirement was always viewed as an unbearable period which was hard to get through but it was now seen as something that every retiree could enjoy. This was because the paycheck taxes were being termed as personal retirement savings but they were redistributed as soon as they were collected thus helping everyone in the society as well as those who were being taxed when they reached retirement age (Kennedy, 1999). Another area where the Second New Deal proved to be very effective was in the Labor Force. As per the Wagner Act, there was more effective collective bargaining and striking just within a year of its enactment. For example, there was a case where the General Motors Automobile factory used the Wagner Act to initiate strikes where their sentiments were effectively considered. This was a point whereby the striking workers could sit at their work stations and refuse to leave thus preventing the company from hiring new people to fill in for those who were striking. This was opposed to earlier rules where any striking worker would be unjustly written off. Kennedy, 1999, says that the Soil Conservation and Domestic Allotment Act helped in the agricultural sector since farmers were paid so that they could plant soil enriching crops as opposed to earlier where there was a lot of land degradation as a result of over cultivation and poor farming methods. Regarding all the successes mentioned above, it is quite evident that the Second New Deal reforms were quite effective therefore successful. The Second New Deal survived constitutional challenge when as opposed to the First New Deal which was declared unconstitutional by the Supreme Court because the First New Deal was looking out for short term solutions in solving issues in the country. This was not the case with the Second New Deal where most of the strategies set in place were going to provide long term solutions to the problems of the citizens (Kennedy, 1999). For example, in places where the New Deal simply provided welfare, the Second New Deal provided work something that is far much better than welfare whereby the government could run out of the resources to provide welfare and be forced to either reduce the amount provided or totally cut back the whole program. Therefore, it is the permanency of the solutions provided by the Second New Deal that gave it success over the First New Deal. In conclusion, reforms are always hard to implement and even harder to be accepted by the subjects. However, it is the magnitude to which the reforms can help all the parties involved that determines whether they will be effective or not. The Second New Deal helped the citizens a great deal and also made it easier for the government to solve most social and economic issues in the country and that is why it thrived. Reference Kennedy, D. M. (1999), Freedom from Fear: The American People in Depression and War, 1929-1945. New York: Oxford University Press.

 

Write 8 pages thesis on the topic risk study : hiking at bright angel trail, grand canyon national park.

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Write 8 pages thesis on the topic risk study : hiking at bright angel trail, grand canyon national park. Research by Dickson, Gray and Mann (2008) for the Outdoor Council of Australia shows that as the benefits of outdoor adventure activities are increasingly acknowledged and researched, more and more people are not only increasingly attracted to take part in outdoor adventure activities, but are also increasingly becoming risk averse. Bright Angel trail is one of the key star hiking attractions in the Grand Canyon National park. Understanding the risk that would be involved in hiking in this area is important for a tour company if it is to weigh on the costs and benefits of guiding a given set of clients. This paper presents a risk study report on hiking at Bright Angel Trail in the Grand Canyon National Park given a number of clients. Risk Context Statement Given the increasing acknowledgement of the benefits for outdoor activities which has caused a rise in quest for adventure activities, there is a probability that most adventure seekers would tend to be risk averse and wholly rely on tour guides for an exciting yet safe trip. This risk report covers a tour group of 20 individuals of diverse age and gender, who are to take part in hiking at Bright Angel Train.