how women directors influence corporate governance and firm performance

I need some assistance with these assignment. how women directors influence corporate governance and firm performance Thank you in advance for the help! Women have been shown to have a positive influence on a board, from aspects of participation such as attendance and dutiful diligence, to higher rates of pay for directors because of observable increases in performance which denote higher rates of return. The female presence on a corporate board provides a variety of advantages to the overall performance of a firm.

Male Domination in the Board Room

According to Gomez and Moore the statistics of female representation on corporate boards “show a disproportionate representation of women on boards in relation to their roles in society as consumers and employees”. According to Sparrow, only 15% of the board members in the United States are women, with only 1% being CEOs. In comparison, Sweden has 23%, Norway has 29%, Finland 20%, and Denmark 18%, because of Scandinavian policies that are encouraging the expansion of roles for women at the corporate level. However, in other European companies there is a lesser representation than in the United States. However, the problem with the statistics is that it does not reflect the number of female board members who are no more than a ‘trophy’ member, who holds several positions on the boards of multiple companies, decreasing the actual percentage of women who hold these positions. According to Reeves “Women’s lack of representation on boards is significant because boards make high level policy decisions that affect large numbers of people, including shareholders, employees, and ultimately consumers” (19). When women are represented on boards, there seems to be a ripple effect as more higher level management positions are then held by women within an organization. According to Reeves, the increases in CEO’s that are women have gone from nine in 2006, ten in 2007, twelve in 2008, and 13 in 2009, so the power balance is shifting, but by 2009, that number of 13 still only represented 2.6% of all corporate CEO’s. Reeves reports that while the average corporation has 21.8 corporate officers, only 3.6 of these positions are held by women. In 2006, 75% of the companies on the Fortune 500 had no women in top-earning positions within the corporate structure. An example to the social deficit that this creates can be seen where “women are more involved than men in the healthcare decisions for themselves and for their families…(however) more than one third of the world’s top 500 healthcare and pharmaceutical companies have no women on their corporate boards” (20). According to Peterson and Philpot, the professional backgrounds of board members on corporate boards shows that women are just as qualified in experience and background as are the men, but that they serve less frequently on executive committees than do men. Peterson and Philpot also find that gender is related to the way in which members are assigned to boards, and that the resource dependent theory provides for the phenomenon of women serving on more human and socially oriented boards, with men providing more representation on financial and budgetary committees. They suggest that there is “some relationship between committee assignment, gender, and the resource dependence role of directors” (193).

Write a 3 pages paper on how to modify your behaviour on cigarette smoking.

Write a 3 pages paper on how to modify your behaviour on cigarette smoking. Dear………………………… RE: RESPONSE TO YOUR REQUEST ON HOW TO MODIFY YOUR BEHAVIOUR ON CIGARETTE SMOKING. It is my pleasure to getback to you after our intensive interaction just as I promised. Frankly, it is my moral obligation to see to it that such a course as is your case is averted. Most of all I am grateful for your honest and willing spirit that aided me pinpoint some of the reasons that necessitated such a mishap. Just to confirm, I believe such were your reasons necessitating the challenge you face. That you are compelled to smoke tobacco because: it relieves you of boredom especially when tensed, it keeps you in a relaxed state after each consumption, you get to socialize with counterparts and mixing in social situations, you get going in the morning and as a way to boost self confidence. As I have come to note especially with several clients I have shared with about the same, I am much convinced beyond any reasonable doubt that indeed you have struggled a lot with the scourge, especially now that you are almost moving to the addiction stage. During our dialogue you persistently requested me to present to you my case for discouraging tobacco use. Owing to the magnitude implicated, I finally present to you my reasons confidently and without bias whatsoever the case. In my opinion you have painfully struggled with the habit though it may seem in public that you are doing it out of free will. This becomes much a concern given it is heavily attached to physiological as well as psychological realms. You personally confessed that most often you lack the will power at the thought of withdrawal. for fear of withdrawal symptoms. You went further to state that an attempt to quit will affect the social ties you have with your friends in smoking. Most fascinating was the information regarding your friends. I understand their concern is based on your socialization with them, but I don’t believe in their claim. In fact there is no scientific evidence backing their claim that if you stopped smoking then you would gain weight. So kindly avoid such baseless advices. I also have to admit that it becomes quite hard to withstand the hard hits arising from stress at your place of work and at home. They are more of psychological and as a fact heed expertise. Unfortunately, most victims fear exposing their psychological concerns for fear that their privacy will be at stake. You are however lucky that I am there for you after you fully consented that I intervene in your case. Now that I have confirmed my first pledge to you, I believe you would be more than pleased if I let you know the possible developments that may arise from your case. that is if you do not refrain from smoking. First, however, I apologize incase I offend you in any way. Currently tobacco has been recognized globally as regards its detrimental effects some of which include cancer, lung diseases coronary heart diseases, stroke just to mention but a few. Considerably, it is the single most important avoidable cause of premature mortality and mobility globally. In estimates it is unfortunate that about 1,100 million smokers worldwide are in an age bracket exceeding 15 years. You can now confirm that this plainly accommodates your category of age. This is a matter grave in nature given that the category in question constitutes that which is greatly looked upon by the present generation. Much to this, our country being better in its civilization may never live to see the hard-earned successes of the great labor of our forefathers. This is because presently, about 27% of smokers globally are in developed countries. Smoking of tobacco accounts for about three (3) million deaths each year. Worst of all, it is estimated that this number will rise to ten (10) million annually over the next 30-40 years. As appertains your family concern, you have to show your love to your wife who is often irritated when you smoke and disturb her comfort together with your sons. This is quite critical because very soon not even your sons will accord you the respect. It may also come to you as a surprise when you learn that your sons have followed suit. I guess this would be the least of your wishes for your sons. Talking about cancer, no one would wish such unbearable consequences it would bear on the family. ranging from financial to psychological distortion. You are as well aware that from the recent cases presented on lung cancer, 3/4 of these cases is pegged to cigarette smoking. I believe these are not a variety of options you are ready to abide by. Well, now that we are in the offing, here are some of the tips you must embrace in order to disengage yourself from this terrible course. You must first identify one of the “stop smoking programs” in your locality that wouldn’t inconvenience you to attend. Make regular visits and be an active member. After this you can then choose a very close friend with whom you can quit with. This will at least give you a better social accompaniment other than showing your genuine concern for your friends. They will no longer look down upon your decision and don’t be surprised when they will start marching in your direction. Health wise your sense of taste and smell with be restored. How unbelievable it was when you told me that you can at times go the whole day without a bite provided you have smoked your packet of cigar. In as much as it happens it doesn’t seem normal, does is? No sooner this will be manifested in your general health up from physiological to behavioral. You must thus stop smoking. This will enable you to take foodstuffs indiscriminately ranging from fruits to vegetables, proteins, vitamins and minerals, and your health will no longer be at stake. If therefore we shall continue in this fight, we will be in a position to lead our country in combating the tobacco smoking epidemic and prevent accompanying problems. We will be able to save every single penny the government incurs in cancer treatment and tobacco related ailments. We will also be able to re-affirm our country’s image and maintain the respect it is accorded and in exchange our children and future generations will be proud of us. Thanks a lot for your time and wish you the best. You can always get back to me if need be. Work cited Doll R, Bradford Hill A. ,(1950). Smoking and Carcinoma of the Lung: Pulmonary report, British Medical Journal, 2:739-748 Schrek R et al., (1950). Tobacco Smoking as an Etiological Factor in Disease. Cancer Research, 10:49-58 Levin ML, Goldstein H, Gerhardt PR., (1950). Cancer and Tobacco Smoking. Journal of the American Medical Association, 142:336-338 Peto R, et al., (1994). Mortality from Smoking in Developed Countries, Oxford University Press, Oxford.

Select enterprise-level risks that impact an organization of your choice …

Select enterprise-level risks that impact an organization of your choice …

please address the following items:

• Here’s the approach you can take for this paper:

Title page

Introduction – provide a background of the selected organization.

Risk #1

Description

Impact on organization

Recommendation on how to manage it

Risk #2

Description

Impact on organization

Recommendation on how to manage it

Risk #3

Description

Impact on organization

Recommendation on how to manage it

Conclusion

References (minimum of 8 reputable sources)

Appendix (if any)

The paper will range from 15-pages

Please write in APA Style

Write a 4 pages paper on england’s national poet: w.shakespeare.

Write a 4 pages paper on england’s national poet: w.shakespeare. He attended Stratford grammar school but failed to pursue his education in either Cambridge or Oxford University. William Shakespeare married Ann Hatheway on 158 at Temple Grafton. They have three children named Sussana, Hamnet and Judith (Bloom &amp. Marson, 2008, p. 2). William Shakespeare composed mythological-erotic poetry and ventured into theater in his early years. The year 1598 marked the conception of his greatest works which include “The Comedy of Errors,” “The Merchant of Venice,” and “Romeo and Juliet.” William Shakespeare died on 1616. however, his brilliant works continued to influence and inspire modern poets and playwrights (Bloom &amp. Marson, 2008, p. 2). 2.0 Overview of Some of His Works “Romeo and Juliet” is a play that tackles on the two feuding families and the tribulation that occurred when the children of these two families fell in love (Shakespeare &amp. Yates-Glandorf, 2004, p. 19). A feud between the Catapulets and Montagues has lasted for years in Verona. This feud generated inner conflict for Romeo and Juliet which contradicts the tenderness and love they felt for one another (Shakespeare, 2006). It prevented Romeo and Juliet from being with one another and eventually caused their deaths. However, their deaths united these two feuding families (Shakespeare, 2006).