justify an alternative solution to this issue using the Learning Resources and current literature to support your response. Finally, explain one way cut-off scores might be applied in clinical practice.

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Assessment methods provide data to the clinician, however, the clinician must decide how to use the data in making a decision or recommendation with regard to the client. The assessment data do not make the decision for the clinician, rather the data are used by the clinician in making the decision. The process of clinical decision-making requires the clinician to apply the data to clinical “decision rules or guidelines.” For example, one guideline may be that if a clinician believes that their client, as a result of a mental illness, poses a substantial and imminent risk of harm to self or others then that clinician is obligated to pursue available means to have the client hospitalized. If a client reports suicidal ideation then the clinician must apply this information to their “decision rule” to determine if hospitalization is warranted. Also, the criteria determining an intellectual disability indicates a significantly below-average performance on a standardized test of intelligence, the presence of functional impairments, and onset prior to age 18. The criterion for establishing significant impairment in intelligence is frequently established as a score below 70 on a standardized test of intelligence.

All psychological tests have some degree of error and this reduces the accuracy of a score. Therefore, it cannot be established with certainty that an individual has a specific IQ of 69, 70, or 71, rather, there is a certainty of a score within a particular range, accounting for error. This application of data to clinical decisions is referred to as “clinical validity”—is the decision clinically valid? Clinicians must carefully assess their confidence in their decision as well as the consequences of an error in clinical judgment as a result of ever-present measurement error.

This week you are asked to take a position with regard to a current legal standard. Review this week’s Learning Resources and analyze the Virginia v. Atkins ruling in which the Supreme Court has determined that it is unconstitutional to execute an individual who has an intellectual disability. In its decision the court stipulated that one criterion is an IQ score below 70. Consider the use of this “cut-off” score in formulating this type of decision. Remember, this is not a discussion about the death penalty; rather, it is a discussion about the use of specific cut-off scores in making clinical, administrative, or legal decisions.

With these thoughts in mind:

 

Post by Day 4 an argument for or against the use of cut-off scores in diagnoses that might affect court decisions. Use the current literature to support your response. Then, justify an alternative solution to this issue using the Learning Resources and current literature to support your response. Finally, explain one way cut-off scores might be applied in clinical practice.

 

No more than 500 words

 

APA format

 

answer all the questions

 

no title page

· Based on the dataset you chose and for each research scenario provided, using the SPSS software, choose a categorical data analysis and run a sample test.

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You have had plenty of practice with data analysis in the Discussions and hopefully you have received helpful and encouraging feedback from your colleagues. Now, for the last time in the course, it is time once again to put all of that good practice to use and answer a social research question using categorical statistical tools. As you begin the Assignment, be sure and pay close attention to the assumptions of the test. Specifically, make sure the variables are categorical level variables.

For this Assignment, you will consider three different scenarios. Each of these scenarios include a research question. You will examine each scenario, choose a categorical data analysis and run a sample test.

To prepare for this Assignment:

· Review Chapters 10 and 11 of the Frankfort-Nachmias & Leon-Guerrero course text and the media program found in this week’s Learning Resources related to bivariate categorical tests.

· Using the SPSS software, open the Afrobarometer dataset found in this week’s Learning Resources.

· Next, review the Chi Square Scenarios found in this week’s Learning Resources and consider each research scenario for this Assignment.

· Based on the dataset you chose and for each research scenario provided, using the SPSS software, choose a categorical data analysis and run a sample test.

· Once you perform your categorical data analysis, review Chapter 11 of the Wagner text to understand how to copy and paste your output into your Word document.

For this Assignment:

Write a 1- to 2-paragraph analysis of your categorical data results for each research scenario. In your analysis, display the data for the output. Based on your results, provide an explanation of what the implications of social change might be.

Use proper APA format, citations, and referencing for your analysis, research question, and display of output.

Write a 2- to 3-paragraph analysis of your one-way ANOVA results for your research question. Do not forget to evaluate if the assumptions of the test are met. Include any post-hoc tests with an analysis of the strength of any relationship found (effect size)

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You had the chance earlier in the week to perform an article critique on ANOVA testing and obtain peer feedback. Now it is time to put all of that good practice to use and answer a social research question with the one-way ANOVA. As you head into the assignment, be sure and pay close attention to the assumptions of the test. Specifically, make sure the dependent and independent variables (factor) are

amenable to use in the ANOVA (i.e., be sure to note levels of measurement).

For this Assignment, you will examine the one-way ANOVA based on a research question.

To prepare for this Assignment:

· Review this week’s Learning Resources and media program related to one-way ANOVA testing.

· Using the SPSS software, open the Afrobarometer dataset or the High School Longitudinal Study dataset (whichever you choose) found in the Learning Resources for this week.

· Based on the dataset you chose, construct a research question that can be answered with a one-way ANOVA.

· Once you perform your one-way ANOVA analysis, review Chapter 11 of the Wagner text to understand how to copy and paste your output into your Word document.

For this Assignment:

Write a 2- to 3-paragraph analysis of your one-way ANOVA results for your research question. Do not forget to evaluate if the assumptions of the test are met. Include any post-hoc tests with an analysis of the strength of any relationship found (effect size). Also, in your analysis, display the data for the output. Based on your results, provide an explanation of what the implications of social change might be.

Use proper APA format, citations, and referencing for your analysis, research question, and display of output.

Analyze the controversy in diagnosing a mental disorder based on unexplained physical symptoms. Within your analysis, consider how power and privilege influence who provides the diagnoses and which groups are more likely to be diagnosed with certain disorders.

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Imagine that Jennifer Brea, whose TEDTalk (TED Conferences, LLC, 2016) you watched, is referred to you for ongoing supportive therapy when her psychiatry consultant decides that she does not have a conversion disorder. Despite the psychiatrist’s opinion, her primary care physician ignores that consult and labels Jennifer as having a somatic symptom disorder anyway.

Submit a 5-minute recorded PowerPoint (5–7 slides) in which you address the following:

  • Explain in a concise professional manner how you would conduct your first meeting with Jennifer. Identify specific steps you would take to understand her circumstance and needs.
  • Explain how you would proceed with her medical team in terms of advocacy for her as a client believed to have this condition.
  • Explain why you would need to take a biopsychosocial approach to her ongoing care.
  • Explain what social, family, vocational, Internet, and medical supports you would explore to help with her longer-term stabilization.
  • Analyze the controversy in diagnosing a mental disorder based on unexplained physical symptoms. Within your analysis, consider how power and privilege influence who provides the diagnoses and which groups are more likely to be diagnosed with certain disorders. Explain your thoughts on this debate. write a 3-page (not counting title and reference pages)  APA-style essay that includes the following:
    • An explanation of your chosen theory that presents the major beliefs and assumptions as well as core principles and components of this approach. Include how this perspective explains human psychological development and key interventions/approaches used by therapists employing this approach. (Approximately ¾-page)
    • A discussion of how a therapist working from this perspective would assess and view the issues and goals your client is struggling with and how the therapist would approach therapy within this framework. (Approximately 1-page)
    • A sample dialogue from a session between you as the therapist using this approach with your client. Introduce this section of your essay by explaining what stage of treatment the client is in at this point and whether this is the beginning, middle, or end of this particular session. (Approximately ¾-page)
    • A concluding paragraph that summarizes your critical assessment of social constructionist theory as a theory of human psychological development and basis for treatment. Discuss what you feel is relevant and helpful, what you see as limitations or risks, and how you would rate this approach in relation to strengths-based and culturally sensitive and trauma-informed practice.