What was the role of bottom-up and top-down processing in this process of first having an incorrect perception and then realizing what was actually there?

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This assignment is two questions.  Answer each question in 200 words or more.  There is no specific format, however must be references.

Question 1

After watching the two videos below, discuss the role of higher-level or “cognitive” processes in perception. Then describe a situation in which you initially thought you saw or heard something, but then realized that your initial perception was in error. What was the role of bottom-up and top-down processing in this process of first having an incorrect perception and then realizing what was actually there?

Support your belief and use specific examples.  You may refer to your assigned Week 1 readings or draw on scholarly online resources. The latter must be academic in nature (e.g. from the APUS online library) and not from pop culture and/or commercial websites, blogs, opinion sites, etc.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=unWnZvXJH2o

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R-sVnmmw6WY

Question 2

Nature VIA Nurture
To prepare for this portion of the dialog, the video Epigenetics located at:

http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/body/epigenetics.html

The argument of Nature vs. Nurture is dead and long since gone with the completion of the Human Genome Project in 2003. Science has now demonstrated that each of us is the product of BOTH our genetic makeup AND the environment in which we develop. Our genes, in turn, have been shaped over time by the process of evolution. After viewing the video, define “epigenetic” and “epitasis”, and give a unique example of each. Then discuss how nature, nurture and evolution affect the development of an individual and how researchers determine the relative influence of heredity and environment.

(For the purpose of this discussion students are asked to stay away from the philosophical arguments of religion and evolution and instead focus on the bio-physiological material contained within the text.)

Papers should include a title page (with the student’s name, the name of the course and the title of the paper), an abstract, and a references page

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Case Conceptualization Paper (28 Points) Students will write a case conceptualization paper demonstrating their ability to apply clinical theory to practical case material. See the course schedule for the due date. Students will prepare a 10-page paper, not including the title, abstract, or bibliographic pages. Papers should include a title page (with the student’s name, the name of the course and the title of the paper), an abstract, and a references page. Each paper should be double-spaced with one-inch margins, follow APA Guidelines regarding formatting, abstract, citations, and references, and include at least ten bibliographic references (with at least three being journal articles among those listed). The instructor(s) will post case studies from which to make a selection. Completed papers must include the following sections (organized with these with section titles): 1. Notation of the presenting problem(s) 2. Statement of the counseling theory chosen from the texts and reasons for choice of that theory (what are the strengths of this theory and why it would be a good selection in working with this client) 3. Application discussion of major constructs of the theory as they apply to the presenting problem (what therapeutic goals, treatment protocols, techniques, etc. would/should be used if counseling the client(s) from this particular theoretical orientation) 4. Integration of the presenting problem and theory with a Christian theistic view (include problem areas, concerns, philosophical differences and/or compatibility) To summarize, students will select one case study and one theory. They will then describe how they might counsel the person(s) utilizing the major constructs and techniques of the chosen theory, while also noting points of biblical integration. Case Conceptualization Grading Rubric Points Notation of the presenting problem(s) 5 Statement of the counseling theory chosen from the texts and reasons for choice of that theory (what are the strengths of this theory and why it would be a good selection in working with this client) 5 Application discussion of major constructs of the theory as they apply to the presenting problem (what therapeutic goals, treatment protocols, techniques, etc. would/should be used if counseling the client(s) from this particular theoretical orientation) 8 Integration of the presenting problem and theory with a Christian theistic view 5 11 | Page (include problem areas, concerns, philosophical differences and/or compatibility) Correct APA format of citations, as well as correct spelling, grammar, and punctuation. 5 Total for Case Conceptualization Paper 28

Provide a rationale for the effectiveness of your type of treatment (i.e. present evidence that supports the effectiveness of that therapy for your chosen disorder.

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The DSM identifies many specific psychological disorders. While research has found that in general, no one type of therapy is substantially better than others, different treatments may be more appropriate for specific disorders. In this project, you are asked to choose a psychological disorder that is of interest to you. You will describe the disorder in detail, indicate what is known about its causes and progression, and identify a treatment or treatments that would be most appropriate.

 

  • Describe key features of the disorder, including its symptoms
  • Address the biopsychosocial explanations that could account for the development of that disorder
  •  Discuss and explain the specific methods of that therapy that would be utilized in the treatment of your chosen disorder.
  • Provide a rationale for the effectiveness of your type of treatment (i.e. present evidence that supports the effectiveness of that therapy for your chosen disorder.

 

From the information presented in the Psychology  from your research in the library or onthe Web (i.e. make sure to incorporate what psychological research and studies have shown that would support your points raised in the paper), present your position and support it with credible sources of information using APA style citations and references. You are required to use at least three (3) references, to include the course webtext; the other references should come from psychological journal articles or from relevant psychologyspecific websites.

You are expected to present a minimum 1000 word response. The paper should be submitted in a WORD document in 12 point; Times New Roman font. Given this guideline, your paper should be 3 – 4 pages in length; excluding the title page, abstract, and reference page. Refer to the APA Style guidelines document for information on the title page, abstract, and reference page.

· Review the Torraco article from Week 5, focusing specifically on synthesizing and integrating the literature review. 

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Learning Resources

Text

Course Text: Browne, M. N., & Keeley, S. M. (2018). Asking the right questions: A guide to critical thinking (12th ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson.

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· Chapter 6, “Are There Any Fallacies in the Reasoning?”

Web Sites

· What Is Plagiarism?
http://writingcenter.waldenu.edu/293.htm

· Introductions and Conclusions
http://www.csuohio.edu/writing-center/introductions-and-conclusions

· Ending the Essay: Conclusions
http://www.fas.harvard.edu/~wricntr/documents/Conclusions.html
· Resources for Scholarly Writing
http://writingcenter.waldenu.edu/Scholarly-Writing.htm

Synthesis and integration involve succinctly summarizing the main points of the chosen resources and combining the summaries into a coherent narrative. Synthesis and integration require skills that improve with experience.

 

To prepare:

· Review the Torraco article from Week 5, focusing specifically on synthesizing and integrating the literature review.

· Of the 10-12 collected resources, choose the 4 peer-reviewed journal articles that most closely address the problem chosen for your Capstone Project.

The assignment:

In 2-4 pages, respond to the following:

1. Cite the four resources you have chosen to synthesize and integrate into a narrative. (You may copy and paste the citations from the list of resources you submitted last week.)

2. Synthesize and integrate the four resources into a coherent narrative that:

· Begins with an introduction

· Includes an integrated synthesis of the resources

· Relates the narrative to your problem statement

Please read uploaded papers and use correct format for this assignment