. Explain the conclusions you can reach about research in social psychology. In other words, explain what we know about social context factors and

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Please note that you are starting your literature review with the questions above, but you will need to expand the answers to these questions to meet the
critical elements of the literature review for your final submission. The following critical elements must be addressed as also outlined in the literature review
section of the Final Project Part I Guidelines and Rubric document:
I. Literature Review: In this part of the assessment, you will analyze foundational research presented in the course for how the field of social psychology
has changed over time, how researchers have designed research to study social psychology, and how issues of ethics have been addressed historically in
the field.
A. Summarize the claims made by the authors of the foundational research presented in the course regarding how social context factors influence
human behavior. In other words, what claims are made by the research about social context factors and human behavior?
B. Summarize the claims made by the authors of the foundational research presented in the course regarding how social motives influence human
behavior. In other words, what claims are made by classic and current research about social motives and human behavior?
C. Explain how the view of social context factors and social motives has evolved over the history of social psychology. Be sure to support your analysis
with examples from research to support your claim.
D. Explain the conclusions you can reach about research in social psychology. In other words, explain what we know about social context factors and
social motives, based on your review of the research presented in the course. Be sure to support your analysis with examples from research to
support your claim.
E. Describe the specific research designs used in the foundational research presented in the course used to address research questions. For example,
what were the specific methods used to address their research question? What type of research design was used?
F. Explain how research designs were used by authors to conduct research in social psychology. In other words, how did the research designs used by
researchers help in conducting research regarding social psychology?
G. Discuss how issues of ethics have been addressed in the foundational research presented in the course. For example, how did the authors inform
the participants of what the experiment would entail? How did the authors account for any potential risks to participants associated with the study?
H. Discuss how issues of ethics in social psychology have been viewed historically. In other words, how have issues of ethics in the field been viewed
over time? Has this view changed as the field has progressed? Be sure to support your response with examples from research to support your claims.

Review the readings in this week’s Learning Resources regarding Asian and African thoughts about Western influences and impacts.

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Assignment: The Struggle for Independence

As World War II ended, the people of African and Asian nations found themselves struggling to find social justice and economic growth as they began their quest for independence. In this assignment, you will begin to answer these very questions as you describe one country’s journey during the decolonization period.

To prepare for this assignment:

  • Review the readings in this week’s Learning Resources regarding Asian and African thoughts about Western influences and impacts.
  • Review the articles in this week’s Learning Resources to learn more about politics and leadership in Asian and African nations as they struggle for independence.
  • Draw from this week’s reading and consider the nationalist struggles for independence following World War II.
  • Consider the changes that the people of Asia and Africa faced. How did they fare after European and Western control was removed? What internal struggles ensued?
  • Reflect upon European and Western influences on Asian and African nations.
  • Think about what it would be like to live in a nation that was under control of another nation. What would life be like if you did not know the liberty of freedom? What social, economic, and political struggles would you and your nation encounter during this time?

The assignment:

  • Compose a 2- to 3-page essay in which you do the following:
    • Choose one of the following:
      • One country from Southeast Asia, OR
      • One country from Africa, OR
      • The country of India
    • Describe the path to economic growth, social justice, and eventual independence pursued by this country during the period of decolonization after 1945.
    • Support your assertions by making at least 2 references, in proper APA format, to your course readings.
By Day 7

Submit your Assignment. In order to receive full credit, all assignments are due on time. Should you encounter an unanticipated and uncontrollable life event that may prevent you from meeting an assignment deadline, contact the Instructor immediately to request an extension. Your Instructor’s contact information is in the Contact the Instructor area. For a full description of the late policy, please refer to the “Policies on Late Assignments” section of your Syllabus.

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  • Please save your Assignment using the naming convention “WK1Assgn+last name+first initial.(extension)” as the name.
  • Click the Assignment Evaluation Criteria to review the Grading Criteria for the Assignment.
  • Click the Week 1 Assignment link. You will also be able to “View Rubric” for grading criteria from this area.
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  • Click on the Submit button to complete your submission.
Grading Criteria

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Assignment Evaluation Criteria

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Submit your Week 1 Assignment draft and review the originality report.

Submit Your Assignment by Day 7

To submit your Assignment:
Week 1 Assignment

Video Games Violence and Aggression We will be conducting a quasi-experimental study as they are used to distinguish relationships in preexisting variables (Privitera, 2020).

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Collaborative Learning Community: 

Video Games Violence and Aggression

We will be conducting a quasi-experimental study as they are used to distinguish relationships in preexisting variables (Privitera, 2020). We decided to use a quasi-experimental research design as the conditions and experiences of participants are not in our full control and factors are not being manipulated (Privitera, 2020). Our goal is to gain a better understanding regarding the correlation between Video Game Violence and aggression.

We will be observing aggressive acts therefore, it would be unethical to control for aggressive acts to take place. Specifically, we will be using a Non-equivalent control group pretest-posttest design to compare aggression scores before and after manipulation. We will test the dependent variable compared to the results of the Non-equivalent control group (Privitera, 2020). Quasi-experimental research allows for certain or specific range values for the independent variable where correlation study measures all values for the independent variable (Privitera, 2020). For this study, the treatment group will be instructed to play 3 hours of violent video games whereas the non-equivalent control group will play 3 hours of non-violent video games.

It is important to note that video games are rated E (Everyone), Everyone 10+, Teen, Mature 17+, Adults only 18+, and Rating Pending (ESRB, 2020). We hypothesize that there will be a relationship in the amount of time spent playing video games and reported levels of aggressive behavior. The H0 is that there is a no relationship between time spent playing video games and level of aggressive behavior between the control and treatment groups. The H1 is that the treatment group will have increased levels of aggression following the 3-hour gaming period compared to the control group. The independent variable in this study is the time spent playing video game and the dependent variable is the level of aggressive behavior.

For this study, there are two variables that are being defined and measured. The independent variable for this study is the time spent playing violent video games. To measure how frequently each participant plays violent games, they will be issued a questionnaire asking how often they play video games and for how long, what genre of video games do they play most often, how many violent games do they own, ect. Next, participants were randomly assigned into a control or treatment group. The treatment group are to be instructed to play a violent video game for 3 hours while the control group will play non-violent video games.

Aggression was measured using the Brief Aggression Questionnaire (Buss & Perry, 1992). This survey consists of 29 questions measuring physical and verbal aggression, anger, and hostility. For this study, aggression is defined as any behavior intended to harm others who want to avoid it (Bushman & Huesmann, 2010, as cited in Webster et al., 2014). The survey was reissued to each participant following the 3-hour gaming period to distinguish any differences in their level of aggression.

Participants will be obtained randomly through email following IRB approval. To avoid any ethical issues, participants had to be 18 years or older to partake in this study. Although there is no previous gaming experience required for this study, it is recommended that participants are familiar with the nature of violent video games. Individuals who are sensitive to flashing lights and/or epilepsy should also refrain from this form of study.

Internal validity is used to measure whether or not the experiment was conducted correctly (Slack & Draugalis, 2001). Internal validity is based on the number of confounding variables (Slack & Draugalis, 2001). To have a high internal validity than you must avoid confounding variables because the more confounding variable you have the lower the internal validity will be. This experiment will have a high internal validity because there will be no confounding variables such as regressions to the mean or changing the instruments used. The experiment will also not include confounding variables such as participants dropping out, unexpected changes, and not completing protocols. This will ensure that the internal validity will be high for this experiment.

The group will ensure that the study has high internal validity by having a single independent variable. The group will also ensure that the study has high validity by making sure to using random sampling. Each participant will be randomly assigned to either the control or treatment group because it ensures that there will be a sample that can represent the entire population and makes sure that the chance of being selected is equal.

When conducting an experiment is essential that the study be conducted in a way that is ethical for the researcher and the participants (Britton, 1979). When the participants are presented with the informing and consent form it is important that they must be aware of any risks that may be associated with the study. The participants also must be aware that their data will remain anonymous This ensures that the researcher is conducting the experiment in an ethical manner.

The debriefing form also allows the participants to have access to the necessary information for reporting in case they felt that the study was performed in an unethical manner. In this specific study the ethical concerns that emerge about the participants is that the video games may make them become more of an aggressive person which can be displayed in many different ways. Another ethical concern that could emerge from this study is that the participants will be exposed to video games that contains violence, cursing, and sexual nature. This study also could be a risk for those sensitive to bright and flashing lights or epilepsy, or seizures.

7.

8.

References

Britton, B. K. (1979). Ethical and educational aspects of participating as a subject in psychology  experiments. Teaching of Psychology, 6(4), 195-198.

Privitera, G.J. (2020). Research methods for the behavioral sciences (3rd ed.). Los Angeles, CA:  Sage

Ratings Guides, Categories, Content Descriptors. (2020, June 26). Retrieved September 22,  2020, from https://www.esrb.org/ratings-guide/

Slack, M. K., & Draugalis Jr, J. R. (2001). Establishing the internal and external validity of experimental studies. American Journal of Health-System Pharmacy, 58(22), 2173-2181.

Webster, Gregory & Dewall, C & Pond, Jr, Richard & Deckman, Timothy & Jonason, Peter & Le, Bonnie & Nichols, Austin & Orozco, Tatiana & Crysel, Laura & Crosier, Benjamin & Smith, Carrie & Paddock, E. & Nezlek, John & Kirkpatrick, Lee & Bryan, Angela & Bator, Renee. (2014). The Brief Aggression Questionnaire: Psychometric and Behavioral Evidence for an Efficient Measure of Trait Aggression. Aggressive Behavior. 10.1002/ab.21507.

Identify a leader and justify why you selected that particular leader. What organization(s) is the leader affiliated with? In what industry is the leader recognized? How long was the leader in a leadership position?

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Many names have been recognized as notable business leaders. Steve Jobs, Bill Gates, Elon Musk, Mark Zuckerberg, Jack Welch, and Colleen Barrett are all leaders identified for their unique approach to leading people. Please review the “Contemporary Business Leaders” document to locate more business leaders. Select one leader from that list and respond to the following questions.

Discuss (1,250-1,500 words) what you learned about the selected individual as a leader and the leadership style used. Include the following in your discussion:

  1. Identify a leader and justify why you selected that particular leader. What organization(s) is the leader affiliated with? In what industry is the leader recognized? How long was the leader in a leadership position?
  2. Discuss which leadership theory best describes the chosen leader’s approach to leading people.
  3. What was the leader’s greatest achievement?
  4. Identify a significant challenge the leader faced and how the challenge was handled. Did the response align more with a managerial role or a leadership role?
  5. What power base did the leader use in handling or resolving the challenge?
  6. Compare the leadership style used by your selected leader against that of the leader’s successor/predecessor (or competitor if successor/predecessor is not applicable). Was there a difference in the leadership style? Which leader do you think is more effective and why?
  7. Include a personal reflection and identify two to three attributes you hope to emulate or avoid (based on studying this leader) in order to be a successful leader.

You are required to use at least two external sources to provide evidence to support the leadership style your selected leader showed. This should not be completed based on an opinion.

Prepare this assignment according to the APA guidelines