Write a 5 pages paper on intermolecular attraction forces. When bonds between particles are made more polar, the particle charges increase resulting in stronger intermolecular forces which lead to high melting and boiling points.

In chemistry, there are four types of intermolecular attractive forces. They include ionic forces, hydrogen bonding, dipole forces, and London Dispersion forces. The attractive forces tend to be similar to the type of bonding particles within a molecule. The intermolecular forces, therefore, follow the patterns of the type of bonding between molecules. In addition, the nature of intermolecular attractive forces between molecules creates the difference between gasses, liquids, and solids (Bettelheim et al. 152).

Ionic forces are the strongest attractive forces among the intermolecular forces. They are referred to as electrostatic forces and hold ions in solids together. The forces are due to cationic charges where unlike charges attract each other, and unlike charges repel. Ionic compounds form due to the interaction between negative and positive ions like in sodium chloride salt. Cations are usually metals and examples are Mg2+, Na+, Ca2+, Cu2+, and Zn2+ while anions are non-metals and include Cl-, Br-, O-, and F-.

The balance between the force of attraction of both cation and anion results in the formation of the ionic bond. Lattice energy forms when there is a balance between the force attractions within crystalline compounds. In ionic intermolecular attractive force, there is a complete transfer of electrons from metals to non-metals where metals become positively charged while non-metals are negatively charged. Metals have a tendency to lose electrons because they have few electrons in the outermost energy level. Ionization energy is spent to remove electrons and form ions (Bettelheim et al. 154). However, non-metals have a high affinity for electrons hence they gain electrons to form anions. The charge difference determines the strength of the attractive force. The attraction force is stronger when the charge difference is greater. Below is an example of an ionic force of attraction between sodium and chlorine.

Write 5 pages thesis on the topic rachmaninov’s piano concerto. He never gave up. He chose later in his career to only limit his playing to the “Salons of Paris”.

The second piece chosen was to compare a 20th-century composer Rachmaninov who had perfect command of the symphony orchestra and was able to compose for both. The Concerto N°2 mvt 2 was used as these two movements were slow and moderately slow: moderato and larghetto. Rachmaninov was considered neo-classism.

Chopin was born in Poland in 1810 and died in Paris in 1849. His father was born in France and had moved back to Poland. Frédéric was considered one of the first nationalistic composers of his time. The politics of the time were difficult. Russia was expanding. Poles were emigrating. Nationalistic feelings were high. It was common to compose using nationalistic songs. Rachmaninov did not have the same priorities.

Chopin’s music is full of Polish influence, dances, and melodies. He left Poland permanently in 1831 and settled in Paris. As a perfectionist, he could no longer accept the Warsow public as a judge of his abilities as a musician, composer, and conductor. He had already composed his first two piano concertos Opus I & II. Chopin composed in the height of the Romantic Period. He wanted to learn from others.

In Paris, Chopin was overwhelmed with the bubbly atmosphere of nationalism. Artists from the different artistic movements met frequently (literary, music, art). There was a large Polish community due to the Russian evasion of Poland. As of 1832, he had made a place for himself in the music world. It is important to note that he did not like his playing technique saying that it was not good for large halls. He had composed and trained on a 19th century piano which was still not loud enough for large concert halls. He would perform in the small, private salons which were from the patronage system of the 18th century. He performed once a year for a large concert hall. This had an effect on the type of music he composes.

All of his music is written for piano or piano concerto or piano and chamber orchestra

The Concerto N°1 Opus 11 pour piano and orchestra can be played with other instrumentation. It is partly due to the importance of the different colors of the piano and the way Chopin used the orchestra. Joseph Hofman orchestrated the concerto for piano et quintet (2 violins, one viola, one cello, and one bass).