write an article on Categories of Planning Theory. It needs to be at least 2250 words.

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Hello, I am looking for someone to write an article on Categories of Planning Theory. It needs to be at least 2250 words. A theory is arguably used positively to criticize a piecemeal or knee-jerk reaction in the context of not having any theoretical ground. Beyond its rhetorical use, a theory is also arguably used to cover several ideas or propositions from Einstein’s theory of relativity to the explanation that the connection of birth, as well as, comparative point of stars will power daily experiences hence could be described as a diffuse phenomenon.

Regardless of the controversy surrounding the definition of this word, a theory is an explanatory supposition which can be defined broadly or narrowly. Its key element is that it abstracts some distinctiveness of realism in the effort of isolating and describing its core features. A theory must be in practice for a given duration of time to evaluate its purpose. It should include some elements of prediction or prescription to guide action. Essentially the elements of a theory include its abstract from reality a set of general or specific principles that could be used as a basis of explaining and acting with the theory being tested.2 There are numerous categories of theory. They include. normative, respective, empirical, models, conceptual frameworks or perspectives, theorizing. These theories provide a useful way of going beyond the general idea of theories.

The term ‘planning’ means different things to different people. In this context, planning is viewed as a discipline with strong technical basis. It works in terms of applying various techniques, models and formulas to solve problems. Moreover, it results to presenting itself as a science where it focuses on objectively solving problems by value-neutral planners.3 Yet another dimension describes planning as an art of decision and plan making. Planning systems have evolved over time in the need to organize and regulated human society and its surroundings. Diverse societies all over the world over centuries have diverse sets of values.

Planning systems and their roles change over time due to the change in societal values and the advent of technological developments, hence the need to understand the context of social and historical changes.

Compose a 1250 words assignment on addiction as one of the major issues of the human race.

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Compose a 1250 words assignment on addiction as one of the major issues of the human race. Needs to be plagiarism free! Addiction to a substance is typically caused when the person experiences positive reinforcement for consuming the substance. Positive reinforcement is the experience of positive affect as a result of doing a specific act, each time the act is committed. The faster the drug produces the experience of positive reinforcement, the more addictive it can be. Addictive drugs typically cause an increase of dopamine in the nucleus accumbens. Some drugs do this by stimulating dopamine release by dopaminergic neurons in the mesolimbic system, and others do so by inhibiting the reuptake of dopamine by terminal buttons. PET studies with different drugs have provided evidence for these claims. Often, people also obtain negative reinforcement in the form of relief from adverse stimuli when they consume the said substance. Negative reinforcement entails the reduction of adverse experiences on committing an act. Addictive substances cause both these experiences to occur, and thus the person is motivated to continue to consume the substance.

Addiction is usually characterized by both tolerances to the substance and withdrawal. Tolerance is a reduced sensitivity to the substance with regular consumption. Thus, the person has to consume larger amounts of the substance to achieve the same experience. It is believed that tolerance occurs because the consumption of addictive substances affects the homeostatic mechanisms. This causes the body to produce the opposite effects to those caused by the drug in an attempt to re-create a balance. Thus, larger and larger doses are required to counter these changes and achieve a ‘high’. Withdrawal is the experience of symptoms that are the opposite of what the person experiences on consuming the substance in the event that they stop consuming it.&nbsp.Withdrawal is basically a state in which the changes in the brain functioning become evident once the effect of the drug has worn off.

Comprehensive case assignment #1: Case 6 “Griffin case” Goal 1: Determine present value of Education costs for all children. (Hints- similar to example mini-case 3 on page 152 calculations) Goal 2: Prepare a debt management analysis with recommendations. (Hints- similar to example mini-case 2 on page 146-148) Goal 3: Determine costs of retirement needs and compare this with various retirement age scenarios. (Hints- similar to example mini-case 4. We covered example mini-case 5 where we calculated ‘the retirement goals’. You will first do this step and then make some alternative analyses, page 161). Goal 4: Determine PASS portfolio expected return and suggest whether client is better off switching to PASS recommended portfolio system. ALL CALCULATIONS MUST BE DO

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Comprehensive case assignment #1: Case 6 “Griffin case”

Goal 1: Determine present value of Education costs for all children. (Hints- similar to example mini-case 3 on page 152 calculations)

Goal 2: Prepare a debt management analysis with recommendations. (Hints- similar to example mini-case 2 on page 146-148)

Goal 3: Determine costs of retirement needs and compare this with various retirement age scenarios. (Hints- similar to example mini-case 4. We covered example mini-case 5 where we calculated ‘the retirement goals’. You will first do this step and then make some alternative analyses, page 161).

Goal 4: Determine PASS portfolio expected return and suggest whether client is better off switching to PASS recommended portfolio system.

ALL CALCULATIONS MUST BE DO

Academic Honesty within the Learning Environments. The work is to be 5 pages with three to five sources, with in-text citations and a reference page.

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I will pay for the following article Academic Honesty within the Learning Environments. The work is to be 5 pages with three to five sources, with in-text citations and a reference page. There is a great deal of attention paid towards this subject of late and the reason why academic honesty is deemed as an important area under the field of academics is that education demands individuals to remain truthful about their learning capacities. It would be a great disservice to the learning environment if academic honesty is not a part of it. Academic instructors and the people at the helm of affairs within the learning regimes have long and hard focused on the incorporation of honesty so that the students could manifest their true selves within the coming times. They would be able to better mold their lives in accordance with the legal and moral aspects of the time.

Essentially, academic honesty is a much-desired proposition in the time and age of today. The reason for the same is that its compulsive use is not undertaken by the different segments of society. There is not a great amount of focus on being academically honesty as per one’s learning undertakings and efforts. The idea generally is to have work done in a quick manner without much hassle. There is the element of being swift as far as the academic undertakings are concerned and this indeed leaves a very bad taste in the mouth, speaking strictly from an educational standpoint. This subject looks to pinpoint the grey areas within the field of academics and how the same could prove to be a vital cog in the wheel of a learning environment (Elias, 2003). Having said that it is important to know that academic honesty would essentially lay the foundation for a better career of a student and he would develop upon his skills and harness his strengths in a much better fashion than ever envisaged without the missing ingredient of academic honesty. It would make him realize where his shortcomings are and how the same would provide him the much-needed strengths in the coming phases of his life. Academic honesty, therefore, is something that needs to be understood within the proper settings.