Create a 5 pages page paper that discusses tyrosinase in the experiment. This study will explore one dynamic trait of enzymes which is the enzyme kinetic description. In many cases, the reactions that are catalyzed by enzymes follow an ES complex format shown in equation 1.

E9E +S ES E + P, where E is the enzyme, P is the product, and S is the substrate (Kumar, C. 2011). For an enzyme that is specific, one substrate molecules may bind in the required way to give out a function of the EES complex. On the other hand, the substrate needs to have a shape, size, and polarity that is compatible with the active enzyme site (Witkop, C. 2009). Other enzymes may catalyze the many different molecules transformation whenever there exists a common category of a chemical linkage of the given substrate. Some have specificity hence can form ES complexes that are reactive having one structure of a molecule.

The first velocity of reaction (V0) of a reaction catalyzed by an enzyme is variable in accordance with the concentration of the substrate (s). The Michaelis Menten equation was established to account for the kinetic properties of the different enzymes. This equation is given as. V0 = JTK.

The reagents were dissolved in the phosphate buffer. These reagents included a combination of enzyme, phosphate buffer, an inhibitor of the specific experiment and the substrate. The required phosphate buffer volume was pipetted together with the substrate and the inhibitor into the cuvette. The solution was well mixed and the colorimeter on the cuvette zeroed. The cuvette was removed from the colorimeter. The needed volume of the enzyme was quickly added and mixed through covering the cuvette using paraffin. The stop clock was then started. The cuvette was placed in the colorimeter and the initial reading taken at fifteen seconds. The recording process continued at an interval of fifteen until two minutes. The final cuvette volume of the experiment was 3.0 cm cubed. To determine a suitable tyrosinase concentration for the analysis of the kinetics, the experimental set up was set up and ran as displayed in table 1. The volume of the enzyme was varied whereas the substrate was kept constant.

Week 6: Program Evaluation: What, Why, and How

Most agencies prepare an annual report that includes the number of services or units of service provided, the number of individuals served, and information about demographics of the population served. This is generally accompanied by a budget summary, which includes sources and amounts of income and categories of expenses. In the past, that might have been adequate information to satisfy the public and funders, but today, stakeholders are demanding greater accountability for measurable results.

Program evaluations can provide insights into questions that such reports leave unanswered. As a social worker, you may be asked to play a role in a program evaluation. You should understand the nature and purpose of program evaluations and how they contribute to better social work practice. Then, you can reap the full benefit of such evaluations and adequately address the concerns of stakeholders.

This week, you analyze the benefits of two types of program evaluations, process, and outcome evaluations. You also analyze stakeholder concerns about evaluation. Finally, you recommend a program evaluation model and plan a program evaluation.

Learning Objectives

Students will:

• Analyze program evaluation models
• Analyze stakeholder concerns about program evaluation
• Create a program evaluation plan

Learning Resources

Required Readings

Dudley, J. R. (2020). Social work evaluation: Enhancing what we do (3rd ed.) Oxford University Press.

• Chapter 1, “Evaluation and Social Work: Making the Connection” (pp. 3–26)
• Chapter 4, “Common Types of Evaluations” (pp. 78-95)
• Chapter 5, “Focusing an Evaluation” (pp. 96-110)

Document: Logan, T. K., & Royse, D. (2010). Program evaluation studies. In B. Thyer (Ed.), The handbook of social work research methods (2nd ed., pp. 221–240). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage. (PDF)

Copyright 2010 by Sage Publications, Inc.
Reprinted by permission of Sage Publications, Inc. via the Copyright Clearance Center.

1. K. Kellogg Foundation. (2017). The step-by-step guide to evaluation: How to become savvy evaluation consumers. Retrieved from https://www.wkkf.org/resource-directory/resources/2017/11/the-step-by-step-guide-to-evaluation–how-to-become-savvy-evaluation-consumers

• Chapter 4, “Overview of the Evaluation Process That Reflects Evaluation Thinking”
• Chapter 5, “Preparing for the Evaluation”
• Chapter 6, “Determine Stakeholders and Engage Them in Evaluation”
• Chapter 7, “Developing a Logic Model, Evaluation Questions, “Measurement Framework, and Evaluation Plan”
• Chapter 8, “Data Collection and Analysis”
• Chapter 9, “Summarize, Communicate and Reflection on Evaluation Findings”

 

Discussion: Program Evaluation: Benefits and Concerns of Stakeholders

Dudley (2020) points out that social work practice is usually embedded in programs. While you looked at practice evaluation using single-subject design in Week 3, this week, you shift focus to program evaluation. Program evaluation serves many purposes, including accountability to funders and to the public. Often, funding sources such as government agencies or private foundations requires periodic program evaluations. These evaluations can help provide answers to many different questions, and can contribute to improvement of services. There are a variety of program evaluation models that are appropriate for addressing different questions as well as facilitating the collection and analysis of many different types of data.

 

To prepare for this Discussion, identify a program within an agency with which you are familiar, which could benefit from process evaluation and outcome evaluation. You do not need to identify the agency in your post. Also, review the different evaluation models highlighted in this week’s resources (needs assessment, program monitoring, client satisfaction study, outcome evaluation, or cost benefit study).

 

The program we will utilize for this discussion is the Client Transportation Program at an agency whose clients have mental health conditions and substance use disorder.  The agency picks up client in the morning around 7:30am to bring them to the agency for Intensive Outpatient Program (IOP) group and counseling services.  Transportation then returns the clients to the sober living houses after group.  Client are required to visit with their counselors and therapists after IOP group on a regularly scheduled basis.  Client’s who remain in the building for services are often not sure how and when they will return to their sober living houses because transportation is out returning the other clients.  Evaluating and improving this process would benefit the client as they would have a scheduled transportation appointment and reduce the stress on the clients and agency staff as client’s currently feel rushed to complete their counseling sessions to not miss their transpirtation.

 

Provide a 500-word Discussion Post a brief summary of the program that you selected.

• Recommend a program evaluation model that would answer a question relevant to the program.
• Explain the potential benefits of the program evaluation that you proposed (both process and outcome).
• Identify 2–3 concerns that stakeholders might have about your proposed evaluation and how you would address those concerns.
• Then explain 2–3 concerns that stakeholders may have about your proposed program evaluation and how you would address those concerns.

 

This paper must contain at least 3 references from the about list “Required Readings” materials