For this Assignment, use will practice steps in Evidence-Based Practice. 1) You will think of a practice problem. 2) You then conduct a literature review on available research. 3) You will evaluate the evidence to determine which intervention to use. 4) You will consider client values and your clinical expertise. 5) You will think about what you hope the client gains from this intervention (i.e., decreased depression, increased quality of life, decreased PTSD symptoms) and consider how you might measure this change.

 ASSIGNMENT:

Ø Population: Combat Veterans

Ø presenting Problem: PTSD/TBI with alcohol and drug addiction

Ø Conduct a literature review focused on the presenting problem within the population of interest.

Submit an 8- to 10-page scholarly paper supported with a minimum of six peer-reviewed articles as references. In the paper, you should:

· Briefly describe the population and presenting problem you are focusing on for this assignment.

· Provide a review of the articles you reviewed from this project and explain what you learned from conducting this research.

· Briefly describe at least 2 evidence-based interventions currently used for combat veterans(PTSD/TBI/alcohol and drug addiction) when addressing this particular problem. Provide supporting references when explaining the evidence behind the interventions.

· Explain which of these interventions you might choose to use and why.

o Consider client values and your clinical expertise and how those might affect your decision of which intervention to use.

· Describe how you might apply the specific skills and techniques of the chosen intervention.

· Briefly explain how you could measure the outcomes of this intervention.

· Explain any cultural considerations that you need to take into account when working with this population or the particular presenting problem.

· Discuss how the Code of Ethics applies when working with this particular presenting problem and population.

· Explain how you would apply a trauma-informed lens when working with this population.

Support your Final Project with specific references to the resources. Be sure to provide full APA citations for your references.

Please no plagiarism and make sure you are able to access all resource on your own before you bid. One of the references must come from Flamez, B. & Sheperis, C. J. (2015) and/or Sommers-Flanagan, J., & Sommers-Flanagan, R. (2007). I have also attached my discussion rubric so you can see how to make full points. Please respond to all 3 of my classmates separately with separate references for each response. You need to have scholarly support for any claim of fact or recommendation regarding treatment. I need this completed by 02/01/19 at 7pm.

Read a selection of your colleagues’ postings. Respond to your colleagues’ postings.

Respond in one or more of the following ways:

· Ask a probing question.

· Share an insight gained from having read your colleague’s posting.

· Offer and support an opinion.

· Validate an idea with your own experience.

· Make a suggestion.

· Expand on your colleague’s posting.

1. Classmate (N. Joh)

Exposure to social media that depicts standards of beauty can negatively impact female girls and adolescents and contribute to peer competition (Ferguson, Munoz, Garza, & Galindo, 2014). One of the most prevalent faces (and bodies) on social media today is the Kardashian family. A quick google search and one will find thousands of articles dedicated to the praise, scrutiny, and shock at the impact this family has had on the country. Change that search to the image option and an endless supply of photoshoots, selfies, and magazine covers are at your fingertips. Looking specifically at the Instagram account of Kim Kardashian, I will explain how her account makes me feel and why. Then I will explain one way exposure to this specific media might affect an adolescent girl and how.

My Reaction

When scrolling through Kim’s four thousand plus pictures on Instagram, the first thing I am struck with is inadequacy. Her life, in all aspects, looks perfect. Despite my wisdom to know that is not true, the young, insecure, red-headed, freckle-faced girl inside of me feels I fall terribly short of the woman I “should” be. As a girl growing up I suffered from raging insecurity and body dysmorphic disorder, which caused depression, isolation, and massive interference with the quality of my life. Even now, as a grown woman who has had extensive therapy and come into her own as I have aged, I still feel the twinge of insecurity, inadequacy, and jealousy when scrolling through Kim Kardashian’s Instagram page.

Potential Impact

On Instagram alone, Kim Kardashian West has 126 million followers, that is almost half of the population of the United States of America (U.S. and World Population Clock, n.d.). That is a tremendous amount of exposure and impact. Kim is known for someone who is a fashion icon, a trendsetter, and one of the most beautiful women in the world (Kirst, 2015). She is also someone who has access to unlimited plastic surgery, the best photographers (and Photoshoppers), high-end make-up, and designer clothing, and yet she depicts herself as a normal woman who is down-to-earth. This creates an unrealistic image in the mind of any person, let alone a young and impressionable teenager girl. The impact is borderline epidemic. Kim Kardashian is the woman that most women ask to be made to look like when undergoing plastic surgery (Seacrest & Goldberg, n.d.). Kim’s unrealistic body image, unique genetic features, and prevalence of social media could impact young girls negatively who are looking to social media to define beauty. From make-up purchases, clothing style, specific workouts to sculpt the body, and even a desire for plastic surgery, Kim’s impact could influence young girls everywhere.

References

DSM-5 BridgeDocument: Eating Disorders and Body Image

Ferguson, C., Muñoz, M., Garza, A., & Galindo, M. (2014). Concurrent and Prospective Analyses of Peer, Television and Social Media Influences on Body Dissatisfaction, Eating Disorder Symptoms and Life Satisfaction in Adolescent Girls. Journal of Youth & Adolescence, 43(1), 1–14. https://doi-org.ezp.waldenulibrary.org/10.1007/ s10964-012-9898-9

Flamez, B. & Sheperis, C. J. (2015). Diagnosing and treating children and adolescents: A guide for clinical and school settings. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Kim Kardashian West (@kimkardashian) • Instagram photos and videos. (n.d.). Retrieved January 31, 2019, from https://www.instagram.com/kimkardashian/?hl=en

Kirst, S. (2015). The Kardashian’s Social Media Influence. Retrieved January 31, 2019, from https://www.forbes.com/sites/seamuskirst/2015/12/17/the-kardashians-social-media-

influence/#2e8d54b81f03

Seacrest, R., & Goldberg, E. (Writers), & Kardashian, K. (Producer). (n.d.). Keeping up with the Kardashians [Television series episode]. CA: E! Network.

U.S. and World Population Clock. (n.d.). Retrieved January 31, 2019, from https://www.census.gov/popclock/

2. Classmate (N. Pra)

Advertisement

The advertisement that I choose was of a clothing line by Fenty x Savage by Rihanna. It is a lingerie brand that has recently sparked popularity in its inclusiveness of all women. In this particular advertisement, I found a range of models from pregnant to plus-sized women of all skin-tones. There were also the stereotypical “model” type women (tall and thin), but they were not the sole focus for Rihanna’s products. Her clothing line includes bras, panties, and lingerie (pajamas, robes, etc) (Savage x Fenty, 2019).

Feelings

I really enjoy the wide audience that Rihanna seems to gather, and her inclusiveness of representing her product on real women, of all different shapes, sizes, colors, and ethnicities. There are too many facets of media that portray unrealistic women. These models are unrealistic because editors photoshop their image, altering their body shape, size, and facial appearance. In countries like France and Israel, a law has been passed that requires a small disclaimer on each photograph stating that the model’s body has been digitally altered. Established laws like this keep the perspective of society in a real frame of mind, dissuading individuals from feeling poorly about their own bodies when comparing them to others (Tiggemann & Brown, 2018).

Effects on Children and Adolescents

Children and young adolescents are too young to appreciate Rihanna’s clothing line, but older adolescents and beyond have the ability of wearing and running into her advertisements more frequently. Rihanna is also a very popular musical figure, and children, adolescents, and adults have the ability of looking her up and finding the businesses attached to her name, including Fenty x Savage. Finding a performer like Rihanna who is pro-women, in all of our shapes, sizes, and colors, is a positive influence that can shape the way our young clients think and break the pattern of body insecurity in social media (Savage x Fenty, 2019).

Resources

Savage x Fenty. (2019). Retrieved from https://www.savagex.com/
Tiggemann, M., & Brown, Z. (2018). Labelling fashion magazine advertisements: Effectiveness of different label formats on social comparison and body dissatisfaction. Body Image, 25, 97–102. https://doi-org.ezp.waldenulibrary.org/10.1016/j.bodyim.2018.02.010

3. Classmate (A. Mor)

You Have to Eat them to Defeat Them

I found a really cute advertisement that was made in the U.K to get kids to eat more vegetables. The advertisement showed the vegetables as evil veggies, coming from underground to take over the world. The only way to defeat them was to eat them and the kids were the heroes to defeat them! They saved the world by eating all the veggies and helping the adults.

How did you feel about this Advertisement?

This discussion was really cute to me and it made me laugh. It also made me think about my intake of vegetables and how this world is really unhealthy. In my eyes, there are a lot of advertisements of fried and fast foods and not enough advertisements on just simply eating healthy. There are of course advertisements of exercising but not enough healthy restaurants.

How might this advertisement affect a child or adolescent?

This advertisement may get kids to be excited to eat their veggies because they want to be a hero just like the kids in the advertisement. Kids are very adamant of what their peers do and think of them. Seeing this would make them think that this is the thing to do (McElhaney, Antonishak, Allen, 2011). Being accepted by one’s peer group seems likely to pave the way for successful social functioning throughout the course of adolescence and into adulthood (McElhaney, Antonishak, Allen, 2011). This could also put pressure on a child who really ddoesn’t like veggies and may feel like they won’t be a good individual because they don’t eat it.

References

Jardine, A. (2019). You have to eat them to defeat them

https://adage.com/creativity/work/itvveg-power-eat-them-defeat-them/969931

McElhaney, K., Antonishak, J., & Allen, J. (2011). “They Like Me, They Like Me Not:

Popularity and Adolescents’ Perceptions of Acceptance Predicting Social Functioning Over Time.

Bottom of Form

Required Resources

Readings

· Flamez, B. & Sheperis, C. J. (2015). Diagnosing and treating children and adolescents: A guide for clinical and school settings. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

• Chapter 13 “Feeding and        Eating Disorders”

· Geller, J., & Dunn, E. C. (2011). Integrating motivational interviewing and cognitive behavioral therapy in the treatment of eating disorders: Tailoring interventions to patient readiness to change  . Cognitive and Behavioral Practice, 18(1), 5–15.
© 2011 by ELSEVIER SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY JOURNALS. Reprinted by permission of ELSEVIER SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY JOURNALS via the Copyright Clearance Center.

· Raich, R. M., Portell, M., & Pelaez-Fernandez, M. A. (2010). Evaluation of a school-based programme of universal eating disorders prevention: Is it more effective in girls at risk?  European Eating Disorders Review, 18(1), 49–57.
© 2010 by JOHN WILEY & SONS, INC. Reprinted by permission of JOHN WILEY & SONS, INC. via the Copyright Clearance Center.

· DSM-5 BridgeDocument:Eating Disorders and Body Image 

Optional Resources

· Francisco, R., Narciso, I., & Alarcoa, M. (2013). Parental influences on elite aesthetic athletes’ body image dissatisfaction and disordered eating. Journal of Child & Family Studies, 22(8), 1082–1091.
Retrieved from the Walden Library databases.

· Khan, F., & Chowdhury, U. (2011). Eating disorders in children and adolescents. British Journal of Medical Practitioners, 4(1), 10–15.
Retrieved from the Walden Library databases.

· Lock, J., & Fitzpatrick, K. K. (2009). Advances in psychotherapy for children and adolescents with eating disorders. American Journal of Psychotherapy, 63(4), 287–303.
Retrieved from the Walden Library databases.

· Talleyrand, R. M. (2010). Eating disorders in African American girls: Implications for counselors. Journal of Counseling & Development, 88(3), 319–324.
Retrieved from the Walden Library databases.