Is the article gender bias or motherhood disadvantages? Judgments of blue color mothers, and fathers in the workplace.

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Gender bias is a form of discrimination and prejudice against another sex (Helgeson, 2017).  Gender bias exists in businesses practice, and in work-related issues. The issues involve women and men pay scales, interview questions, and sexual harassment (Helgeson, 2017). Gender fairness is still a pertinent matter regardless of many of the improvements in society. Sexual harassment and bigotry still happen in the lives of girls and women, and even males. Gender Bias is challenging and requires new laws and policies to avoid the practice (Eagly & Wood, 2013).

Is the article gender bias or motherhood disadvantages? Judgments of blue color mothers, and fathers in the workplace. The information mentions statement referring to gender bias such as “the ideal worker applicant is a single male with no child” (Güngör & Biernat, 2009). In 2005 the women made up 46% of the workforce, 68.1% were married women, and 79.8% were single mothers. The indication is that motherhood had a negative influence on the estimation of the female applicant. The bias is that mothers are the target of negative perceptions in the workplace. The premise of the study represents that single people and fathers are more reliable in the workplace than mothers who are viewed as unreliable. (Güngör & Biernat, 2009).

The hypothesis of the study is that female applicant are less committed and less likely to remain in the employed position than males (Güngör & Biernat, 2009). The other hypothesis is that female is less likely to be hired than male’s applicants. The study indicates that parents are viewed as less available than non-parents which is a bias assumption (Güngör & Biernat, 2009). The comparison of men and women in the workplace is the examples of similarities and the difference in the bias analysis (Hyde, 2014). The traits listed for the applicants are productive, trustworthy, likable, warmth, hardworking, and intelligent.

How the researcher(s) might address these issues

Unconscious bias or blind bias impacts research analysis, because the research is considering the new researcher but is influenced by prior witnessed examples. The researcher can also consider options to help business support women and men with children by offering on-site daycare, and facilities that care for children with the minor illness. The solutions can also consist of a reward system to encourage attendance and work productivity. The solutions can also include the options to work from home if a parent has a sick child or another emergency which affect attendance in the workplace.

References

Eagly, A. H., & Wood, W. (2013). The nature-nurture debates: 25 years of challenges in understanding the psychology of gender. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 8(3), 340–357. doi:10.1177/1745691613484767

Helgeson, V. S. (2017). Psychology of gender (5th ed.). New York, NY: Taylor and Francis.

Hyde, J. S. (2014). Gender similarities and differences. Annual Review of Psychology, 65, 373–398. doi:10.1146/annurev-psych-010213-115057

Güngör, G.  Biernat, M. (2009). Gender Bias or Motherhood Disadvantage? Judgments of Blue Collar Mothers and Fathers in the Workplace. Sex Roles. Vol. 60 Issue 3-4, p232-246. 15p. 2 Charts, 2 Graphs. DOI: 10.1007/s11199-008-9540-1.

Based on the feedback you received on your submission from last week, submit a revised draft of your paper with this additional information:

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Based on the feedback you received on your submission from last week, submit a revised draft of your paper with this additional information:

  1. Five additional references that could be used for your research paper and include a 1-2 sentence description for each of the five additional references, explaining how they fit with the research topic and the research question proposed. Make sure that these references come from scholarly sources using Argosy’s library resources.
  2. A  very detailed outline of what you would like to cover in the intro/lit review of your paper. Write it as an outline and think about what you want each paragraph or section to cover. Paste your references into each section where the information from that article applies to the topic. Below is an example of the outline although the references have not been pasted in yet:
    1. Introduction or Statement of the Problem (e.g. Predictors of Depression in Men)
      1. Research question (E.g. What factors predict depression in men? For example, age, marital status, family history, stressors).
      2. Why is it important/implications  (E.g. xx% of men are depressed; less likely to seek treatment; if we can identify who is at risk, may be able to direct them to treatment sooner)
      3. Revised hypothesis based on feedback from the instructor
    2. Review of the Literature (the following is an example for above topic):
      1. Brief description of depression, symptoms, and any unique symptoms for men (Cite articles from which you will obtain this information).
      2. How widespread is it? Stats on depression in general but also stats on depression in men (Cite articles from which you will obtain this information).
      3. List factors that put men at risk for depression (Cite articles).
        1. Difficulty communicating distress or sadness (Cite articles).
        2. Job/work pressures (Cite articles).
      4. Demographic characteristics (Cite articles).
        1. Relationship between age and depression (Cite articles).
        2. Relationship between marital status and depression (Cite articles).
  3. A 1-2 page description of the sample you would like to use for your study, that provides the answer to the following questions:
    1. What sampling technique would you use?
    2. Does the sample generalize to the population? Explain why or why not.
    3. What inclusion criteria would be used? What exclusion criteria would be used, if any?
    4. What ethical issues might be encountered when collecting your information from this sample?
  4. Be sure to also submit all your ten references (the five from last week and the five new ones you added) in an APA-style reference page. Be sure to also include an APA-style title page with your submission. Your paper should be at least 2-3 pages long. Make sure you write in a clear, concise, and organized manner; demonstrate ethical scholarship in accurate representation and attribution of sources; display accurate spelling, grammar, and punctuation.

Submit your assignment to the Submissions Area by the due date assigned. All written assignments and responses should follow APA rules for attributing sources.

Assignment 2 Grading CriteriaMaximum PointsProvided five additional valid references and explained the reasoning behind their selection.20Discussed the sampling technique for the proposed study and included the aspects of generalization, inclusion, and ethical issues as requested in the assignment.25Provided a detailed outline of the intro/literature review section of the paper, along with revised hypothesis.25Included an APA-style title page and reference page (with at least 10 references).10Wrote in a clear, concise, and organized manner; demonstrated ethical scholarship in accurate representation and attribution of sources; displayed accurate spelling, grammar, and punctuation.20Total:

Describe your personal values and attitudes towards the selected issues as well as how you would counsel the client in each situation you selected. HINT: Make sure you reference ethical codes from ACA, NBCC, or NAADAC.

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Access and review the “Counselor Ethics and Responsibilities Assignment Guidelines.” Complete the paper according to the assignment guidelines.

Include at least six scholarly resources in addition to the textbook in your paper.

Prepare this assignment according to the guidelines found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center.

This assignment uses a rubric. Please review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the expectations for successful completion.

Directions: Follow the directions below to write a paper of 1,750-2,100 words on counselor ethics and responsibilities.

Provide a thoughtful response to each of the following sections, including specific, concrete examples to illustrate your ideas. Use the section headings provided below to separate each section of your paper. 

Your final deliverable should be one cohesive paper addressing all six sections along with an introduction and conclusion.

Part One:

Please note that part one must be written in the third person.

Section 1: Client Rights

1) Describe how you will incorporate the following five principles of ethical practice in order to maintain your clients’ rights.

a) Autonomy

b) Nonmaleficence

c) Beneficence

d) Justice

e) Fidelity

2) Discuss the informed consent process and how it protects client rights including:

a) Billing

b) Right to Privacy

c) HIPAA compliance

d) Compliance with credentialing board requirements for incorporating informed consent into practice

Section 2: Responsibility to Warn and Protect

Identify the factors that you will consider in order to determine your “duty to warn” and “duty to protect” responsibilities as a counselor. Be sure to consider ethical guidelines as well as the laws pertaining to the “duty to warn” and “duty to protect” in the state in which you plan to practice.

Section 3: Client Record-Keeping

Discuss the role of client record keeping in protecting the following:

a) a client’s right to a professional standard of care

b) the counselor from liability

Part Two:

Please note this section can be written in the first person.

Section 4: Self-care 

After reading the introduction of Section C “Professional Responsibility” in the ACA Code of Ethics discuss the following:

1. What does the ACA Code of Ethics say about self-care?

2. How do you plan on maintaining a healthy balance between your professional and personal life?

3. What healthy self-care activities have you engaged in in the past or present?

4. What healthy self-care activities have you considered but haven’t yet implemented?

5. What are some red-flags suggesting that you may need to address personal issues to avoid personal impairment?

6. How do you feel about counselors being counseled? Some programs require it. Do you agree with that concept? 

Section 5: Advocacy

Go to the American Counseling Association (Government Affairs > Take Action) (https://www.counseling.org/government-affairs/actioncenter) to find a way to advocate for the counselors and the counseling profession at the governmental level. Summarize how you can get involved (approx. 100 words). 

Section 6: Counselor Values

1) Select two of the following issues you feel strongest about from the following:

a) Abortion. (A 19-year-old rape victim wants an abortion, but her parents are vehemently opposed to abortion on religious grounds and have stated that they will no longer consider her their daughter if she proceeds. The young woman is firm in her plans, but wants your help in changing her parents’ attitudes.)

b) Gay adoption. (John and Bill, after living in a committed relationship for 7 years, decide that they want to begin a family. They have differing opinions about whether to use a surrogate mother or adopt a child.)

c) Assisted suicide. (Eleanor, an 87-year-old with terminal cancer, has decided to end her life but is undecided about how to discuss this with her family, or if she should discuss it with them at all. She seeks your guidance in this decision, but is not interested in revisiting her decision to end her life.)

d) Extramarital affairs. (Both spouses in a couple you are counseling are having affairs, which they claim are not contributing in any way to their current marital difficulties. They want your help in strengthening their marriage but they are both committed to the “open marriage” concept that does not require sexual monogamy.)

2) Describe your personal values and attitudes towards the selected issues as well as how you would counsel the client in each situation you selected. HINT: Make sure you reference ethical codes from ACA, NBCC, or NAADAC.

  Does the popular press article “get it right”?  That is to say, does the article accurately relay the methodology, findings, and/or conclusions of the original study?  If not, what errors or oversimplifications are made?

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STEP #1: Select ONE popular press/mainstream media source (i.e., newspaper or magazine article,

online article, TV program) that discusses recent research on a psychological topic. Read this article, noting the general conclusions/impressions the average reader would make about the research findings based on that article.

STEP #2: Next, locate the scientific source (i.e., peer-reviewed journal article) that originally published

the research findings discussed in the popular press article.  Read the original source, paying particular attention to how it may differ from the first in terms of language, tone and/or content when discussing the research findings.

STEP #3: After noting the similarities and differences between the two sources, write a critical review

that compares/contrasts the coverage provided by each (see Criteria below).

Your write-up MUST include the following:

1)  Date and Source of the Popular Press Newspaper/Program/Website Article (i.e., the name of the article, its author(s), and the publication in which it appeared; the URL for the website) that discusses the findings of a research study conducted on a given psychological topic.

2)  Summary of the Popular Press Article. Provide a summary of the article’s main points.  This summary should include enough detail so that someone who has not read the article would still have a complete picture of what it had included.  Be sure that your summary highlights the conclusions the average reader would be likely to draw about the research findings (and psychology in general) based on the coverage provided in the article.

(NOTE:  It is advised that you complete these first two steps of the assignment before reading the original study (in the scientific source).  That way, you are experiencing the popular press article on its own.  This will help to make any differences between it and the original scientific study more salient to you.)

3)  Date and Source of the Scientific Article (i.e., title of the article; its author(s); name of the journal) that originally published the study discussed in the popular press article.

4)  Compare/Contrast to the Original Scientific Source.  After summarizing the popular press article, read the original study published in the scientific/academic source. Compare and contrast how the same research findings are presented/discussed in the two sources (popular press vs academic/scientific). In doing so, please consider the following:

a)  Do the two sources differ in terms of language and/or tone?  Are strategies used by either to “grab the reader’s attention”?  If so, how?

b)  Does the popular press article “get it right”?  That is to say, does the article accurately relay the methodology, findings, and/or conclusions of the original study?  If not, what errors or oversimplifications are made?

c)  Does the popular press article cite implications for the original research that “go beyond” what the original researchers have claimed?  For example, does the popular press article suggest that the variables studied are causally related (i.e., one caused the other to happen) when the original research is merely a correlation between the two variables (and therefore cannot be used to make conclusions about causality between those variables)?

d)  Would a reader who read only one of these articles be likely to draw different conclusions about the psychological topic being examined (and/or psychology in general) or would the conclusions be similar regardless of the source of the information (i.e. popular press versus academic)?  If different, what would the differences be and what implications might that have?

e)  What has this exercise taught you about the process by which research findings on psychological topics are communicated to the general public and how will it affect how you read articles (from various sources) in the future?

5)  Complete Reference List.  Provide a complete Reference list that includes each source cited in your

psychological application discussion (both popular and peer-reviewed). APA FORM