: Topic 4 DQ 2

    The two health issues prevalent among the middle-aged adults that physical exercise can help with in their health promotion when incorporated into their lives are high blood pressure and type 11 diabetes mellitus. High blood pressure is defined as systolic blood pressure >140mmHg, diastolic blood pressure >90mmHg. Worldwide, high blood pressure is estimated to cause 7.5 million deaths about 12.8% of the total of all deaths. It accounts for about 57 million disabilities and alteration from normal life functions.High blood pressure is a risk factor in a multiple of diseases such as: CHD, ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke, heart failure, peripheral vascular disease, renal impairment, retinal hemorrhage and visual impairment (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [CDC], 2021).

    Type 2 diabetes is the most common form of diabetes. Your body does not use insulin properly and your pancreas cannot keep up and make enough insulin to keep blood glucose at a normal levels(American Diabetes Association, 2016). According to the American Diabetes Association (ADA). 1.4 million Americans are diagnosed with diabetes every year. Prediabetes in 2012, 86 million Americans age 20 years and older had prediabetes this has increased from 79 million in 2010. The complications from diabetes or comorbidities are: hypoglycemia, hypertension, dyslipidemia, CVD death rates (higher in those with diabetes), heart attack rates (higher in those with diabetes), stroke, blindness and eye problems, kidney disease, and amputations are all a possibility(American Diabetes Association, 2016).

    These two health issues, high blood pressure and diabetes type 2, are interwoven in nature, as one condition might lead to the other health issues. So with physical exercise and activities health issues such as high blood pressure as well as type 11 diabetes can be mitigated and may result in better overall health outcome for the middle-aged adults.Lack of physical exercise on the other hand, would result in preventable health complications due to high blood pressure or type 11 diabetes mellitus(American College of Cardiology [Cardio Smart], 2021).

   Physical activity is anything that gets your body moving. Adults need two types of physical activity: aerobic and muscle strengthening. Adults need at least 150 minutes per week of moderate-intensity aerobic activity, like a brisk walk, which works out to 30 minutes 5 days a week. Muscle strengthening activity 2 or more days a week with all major muscle groups (legs, hips, back, abdomen, chest, shoulders, and arms). Types of exercise for aerobics consist of: walking fast, water aerobics, riding a bike on level ground with a few hills, playing doubles tennis, pushing a lawn mower. Types of muscle strengthening exercises: lifting weights, working with resistance bands, doing exercise that use your own body for resistance, i.e. Push-ups and sit-ups, heavy gardening i.e. Digging and shoveling, yoga(CDC, 2021).

   According to the American Heart Association journal regular physical activity improves aerobic capacity, muscular strength, body agility and coordination, and metabolic function, improvement in bone density, lipid profiles, insulin levels, and immune functions(American Heart Association, 2021).

   Nurses need to provide information that will motivate and enable patients to change behavior and to maintain those changes overtime. Education shows the patient how disease prevention and risk reduction can be helped by physical exercise and activities. Nurses can explain methods of overcoming barriers and negative attitudes about physical activities(American Heart Association, 2021). Suggest stairs instead of elevators. Community wide campaigns deliver messages that promote activity. They can use many components that include support and self-help groups; physical activity counseling; risk factor screening, and education workshops, health fairs, and creating community walking trails, include the patient in the planning of their own care(CDC, 2021).

Respond using 200-300 words APA format with references supporting the discussion

 For the middle-aged adult, exercise can reduce the risk of various health problems. Choose two at-risk health issues that regular physical exercise and activity can help prevent and manage. Discuss the prevalence of each of these health problems in society today. Describe measures that you would take as a nurse to assist clients with health promotion measures to incorporate exercise and physical activity into their lives. Include the kind of activities you would recommend, the amount of exercise, and the approach you would use to gain cooperation from the client. Support your response with evidence-based literature.