Pathophysiology | BIO220 | Aspen University

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Assignment:

  1. Complete the weekly Discussion questions requirement.
  2. In a 1000-word APA essay – Complete all three of the following SherPath case studies: 1. Edema, 2. Pernicious Anemia, 3. Cardiovascular System – Atherosclerosis.

 Case Study

Fluid and Electrolytes

Case Study: Edema

approx 30 min

Ms. Rand is a 65-year-old woman who spends most of her day sitting on her porch and recovering from a recent surgery involving the removal of suspected cancerous lymph glands in the inguinal area. She is now complaining that her shoes are fitting too tightly, and she has developed poorly healing sores on her legs and ankles. A closer examination also shows distention in her varicose veins. Blood tests reveal a low level of proteins in the plasma.

Question 1

Based on the patient history and the signs and symptoms, identify the fluid imbalance the patient is experiencing, and state the rationale for your answer.

Answers may vary.

Question 2

Discuss the four general causes of edema and how they apply in the case of this patient.

Answers may vary.

Question 3

Discuss the swelling, sores, varicose vein distention, and other effects that edema can have on a patient.

 Case Study

Hematologic System

Case Study: Pernicious Anemia

approx 30 min

Mr. Alvis, age 57, presented to his physician with marked fatigue, nausea with occasional diarrhea, and a sore, swollen tongue. Lately he also has been experiencing a tingling feeling in his toes and a feeling of clumsiness. Microscopic examination of a blood sample indicated a reduced number of erythrocytes, many of which are megaloblasts, and a reduced number of leukocytes, including many large, hypersegmented cells. Hemoglobin and serum levels of vitamin B12 were below normal. Additional tests confirm pernicious anemia.

Question 1

Relate the pathophysiology of pernicious anemia to the manifestations listed above.

Answers may vary.

Question 2

Discuss how the gastric abnormalities contribute to vitamin B12 and iron deficiency and how vitamin B12 deficiency causes complications associated with pernicious anemia.

Answers may vary.

Question 3

Discuss other tests that could be performed to diagnose this type of anemia.

Answers may vary.

Question 4

Discuss the treatment available and the limitations.

 Case Study

Cardiovascular System

Case Study: Cardiovascular System – Atherosclerosis

approx 30 min

Mr. Kelly is a 57-year-old man who consulted his physician after noticing marked leg pains while playing golf. He had previously noticed increasing fatigue and discomfort in his legs associated with moderate exercise. When sitting for extended periods with legs dangling, his legs became red, and sometimes his feet felt numb. His history indicates he smokes cigarettes and is chronically overweight. His blood cholesterol and other lipid levels are abnormal, and his physician suspects peripheral atherosclerosis as the cause of his discomfort.

Question 1

Discuss the development of atherosclerosis, including the predisposing factors in this case and the pathophysiological changes.

Answers may vary.

Question 2

Discuss the complications that might develop in this patient.

Answers may vary.

Question 3

Discuss the treatments for all aspects of the patient’s condition, including slowing the progress of the atherosclerosis, maintaining circulation in the leg, and treating complications.

Week3/1

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As adolescents separate from their parents and gain a sense of control, sometimes they are unable to balance stresses. As a result, depression may occur, and, at times, suicide may be the outcome. Choose the topic of either adolescent depression or adolescent suicide. Discuss contributing factors and signs and symptoms that may be observed or assessed in these clients. Describe primary, secondary, and tertiary methods of health prevention for this topic. Research community and state resources and describe at least two of these for your chosen topic. What nursing interventions could you use to assist an adolescent you suspect is depressed beyond referring the adolescent to a state or community resource?

 

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Assignment 2: Health Policy Presentation

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The purpose of this assignment is for you to identify an issue of concern for your role as an advanced practice nurse and to formulate a potential policy change to address that issue. There are many potential issues which can influence your practice setting or other issue which may negatively affect the patients with whom you work. All of the course reading will help you to identify a topic for this assignment. You can think about the issue as related to your health promotion project. The policy you consider may be in reaction to the health promotion issue or something larger that is still related to that issue. There are hundreds of possible issues, but here is a list of a few to consider:

 

 

 

  • Child and elder care
  • Civil rights
  • Domestic violence
  • Drug abuse/addiction
  • HIV/AIDS
  • Homelessness
  • Native American and migrant workers’ health
  • LONG TERM CARE ( I Choose this one)
  • Immigration/illegal aliens
  • Legislative issues affecting advanced practice nursing
  •  
    • Access to care

      As you begin to work on the possible policy change: the following ideas and steps should be considered:

    • Definition and description of the issue
    • Exploration of the background of the issue
    • Stakeholders
    • Issue statement or statement of clarity
    • Possible methods of addressing the issue
    • Goals and options for changes
    • Risks and benefits of the changes
    • Evaluation methodology
    • Recommendation or solution

 

 

Grading Criteria

 Maximum Points
Identify the type of legislation, such as state, federal, scope of practice, reimbursement, loan repayment, or others. 20
Review of the literature consists of a minimum of 3–4 peer-reviewed articles and 6–7 other outside sources. 30
Describe the current policy or health policy issue and specify how it would impact nursing or healthcare. 10
Describe the specific aspects of the proposed policy or policy change. 20

 

Barriers to practice

 

 

 

Identify the individuals who would benefit from the policy change and explain where support for the change would be found. 20
Describe the impact of the policy change on nursing practice and health care. 10
Provide an analysis of the policy from your point of view and how this will influence your practice. 20
Uses good writing skills, appropriate grammar, and application of APA formatting throughout paper, citations, and references.7- 8 pages without references 10
Total: 140

 

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response to student post at least 250 words apa with 2 at least academic references

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Initial Post 1:
Virtualization: Virtualization represents a technology platform used for the creation of virtual instances of IT resources. A layer of virtualization software allows physical IT resources to provide multiple virtual images of themselves so that their underlying processing capabilities can be shared by multiple users. Prior to the advent of virtualization technologies, software was limited to residing on and being coupled with static hardware environments. The virtualization process severs this software-hardware dependency, as hardware requirements can be simulated by emulation software running in virtualized environments. Established virtualization technologies can be traced to several cloud characteristics and cloud computing mechanisms, having inspired many of their core features. As cloud computing evolved, a generation of modern virtualization technologies emerged to overcome the performance, reliability, and scalability limitations of traditional virtualization platforms(( Erl, Puttini & Mahmood, 2013)).“Cloud computing is a model for enabling ubiquitous, convenient, on-demand network access to a shared pool of configurable computing resources (e.g., networks, servers, storage, applications, and services) that can be rapidly provisioned and released with minimal management effort or service provider interaction. This cloud model is composed of five essential characteristics, three service models, and four deployment models.” (NIST, 2011) All software, information, and resources are located on a provider’s server that sits on a network far away. These services are provided to your computer, and other devices, on demand. Most cloud computing services are so quick and easy to use that you don’t even realize you are accessing software that’s not located on your computer’s hard drive.
Cloud computing: Cloud computing do for your company: Pay only for what you need, eliminate complex software installations, Access to enterprise-grade applications, respond to business changes quickly, try before you buy.
Benefits of Cloud Computing:

It is accessible to all the users
Using the cloud for applications is cost-efficient.
Least the possibility of access failure due to non-dependency on a single machine
Cloud provides you independence from machine access.
URL will give you access to your infrastructure all the time. Real-time user access.
Multiple users can access the same application and can work on it (Example – Google Doc)
Cloud is reliable for Backup and recovery since data storage is not server specific.
Cloud computing is the best platform to showcase your applications/software worldwide.
Users can access your application & work on it using a single link. Flexibility to access it from anywhere makes it popular among users and service-providing industries

Benefits of Virtualization:

Server virtualization is the top reason behind its success.IT industries setting up thousands of servers’ machines using a virtualization technique.
Multiple applications can be installed on a single physical machine despite OS dependency.
The setup cost is very low. Virtualization can be done on a Personal Computer. The desktop virtualization feature provides flexibility to virtualize the whole system by a single click.
Virtual infrastructure works well with the low-speed network access
Virtualization has reduced the cost of Hardware in the IT industry because the single server can serve as multiple machines.
Virtualization is Plug & play service; Thousands of machines can be created and make available for use without taking much time.
Virtualization software can virtualize the physical servers without taking much time.

Google: When you think of Google, virtualization might not make the top of the list of things that come to mind, but its Google Apps, App Engine and extensive Business Services list demonstrates how it has embraced cloud-oriented services.The company’s open source Google Ganeti cluster virtual server management software tool is built on top of existing virtualization technologies like Xen or KVM and essentially serves as a wrapper around these hypervisors to help system admins set up clusters.
 
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