stock and bond valuation case

Assignment Overview

Before starting on this assignment, make sure to thoroughly review the required background materials. This assignment will require you to use the various discounted cash flow methods and dividend models to make computations. In addition to knowing the computational steps involved in stock and bond valuation, make sure you also understand the basic concepts.

Submit your answers in a Word document. Make sure to show your work for all quantitative questions, and make sure to fully explain your answers using references to the background readings for any conceptual questions. Questions 1 and 3 will require Excel, so submit an Excel file that shows your computational steps as a separate file in addition to your Word file. Question 4 is purely conceptual; no computations are necessary, but make sure to apply and reference concepts from the required readings in your answers to each of the scenarios.

Case Assignment

  1. Suppose you buy a bond that will pay $1000 in 10 years along with an annual coupon payment of $50. The interest rate is 4%. Answer the following questions:
    1. What is the value of this bond?
    2. Now suppose the bond has no coupon payments (it is a “zero coupon” bond) but still pays $1000 in 10 years. What is the value of this bond?
    3. What would happen to the value of the bond if the inflation rate unexpectedly goes up? What if the bond value increases or decreases?
    4. Now suppose the bond still pays an annual coupon of $50 but the interest rate drops to 2%. What is the new value of this bond?
  2. The XYZ Corporation pays a dividend of $1 for each share, and its required rate of return is 8%. Answer the following questions:
    1. Assuming zero growth in dividends, what is the value of each share?
    2. Now assume a 4% annual growth rate in the dividend paid. What is the value of each share?
    3. Assume the growth rate is still 4%, but the required rate of return drops to 6%. What is the new value of each share?
  3. Acme Medical Corp. is expecting the cash flows from 2018-2022 shown in the table below. After 2022, it is expecting growth in cash flow at an annual rate of 3%. The firm has determined that its weighted average cost of capital (discount rate) is 7%. Using the table below, calculate the following:
    1. What is the present value of Acme’s future cash flows using the discounted cash flow model?
    2. If the firm has 200,000 common shares outstanding, zero preferred shares, and debt with a market value of $10,000,000, what would be the value of each share?
    3. Now suppose the discount rate increases to 10%. How would your answers to a) and b) above change based on the new discount rate?

Year

Cash flow

2018

500,000

2019

550,000

2020

620,000

2021

700,000

2022

800,000

  1. Suppose the Alpha Manufacturing Corporation is experiencing extreme financial difficulties and is considering bankruptcy. Its shareholders are currently almost equally divided about whether or not the company should go bankrupt, with one outspoken faction pushing for bankruptcy and the other strongly opposing it. The company has $50 million in debt—all in the form of bonds—and bondholders are pretty well united in wanting the firm to declare bankruptcy.
    1. The CEO announces that he is leaning against bankruptcy. This means one faction of shareholders is happy, but another faction of shareholders is very upset, and the bondholders are also unhappy. Can the unhappy faction of shareholders team up with the bondholders to vote out the CEO? Explain your reasoning using references from the background readings.
    2. Suppose Alpha ends up declaring bankruptcy. The company has no cash in the bank but owns $60 million worth of real estate and has only one type of shareholder—common shareholders. If Alpha sells the real estate, how much of the money will bondholders get, and how much with shareholders get? Explain your reasoning using references from the background readings.
    3. Now suppose that Alpha has two classes of shareholders—common shareholders and preferred shareholders. Preferred shareholders are owed $20 million in dividends that have been unpaid in the past two years. If Alpha goes bankrupt and sells its $60 million worth of real estate, how much will bondholders get, how much will common shareholders get, and how much will preferred shareholders get? Explain your reasoning using references from the background readings.

Assignment Expectations

  • Answer the assignment questions directly.
  • Stay focused on the precise assignment questions. Do not go off on tangents or devote a lot of space to summarizing general background materials.
  • For computational problems, make sure to show your work and explain your steps.
  • For short answer/short essay questions, make sure to reference your sources of information with both a bibliography and in-text citations. See the Student Guide to Writing a High-Quality Academic Paper, including pages 11-14 on in-text citations. Another resource is the “Writing Style Guide,” which is found under “My Resources” in the TLC Portal.

Module 2 – Background

Stock and Bond Valuation

Required Reading

Start off with these two tutorials that will give you an overview of the basic methods of valuing stocks and bonds from Subjectmoney:

Subjectmoney. (2013, January 2). How to price/value bonds – formula, annual, semi-annual, market value, accrued interest [Video file]. Retrieved from

Subjectmoney. (2013, January 3). Dividend discount model (DDM) – constant growth dividend discount model – how to value stocks [Video file]. Retrieved from

Now dig much deeper into bond and stock valuation with the following books chapters. They cover not only the computational methods but also provide a general overview of stock and bond markets:

Library books

Ross, S., Westerfield, R., & Jordan, B. (2007). Chapter 6: Interest rates and bond valuation. Essentials of Corporate Finance. McGraw Hill. Retrieved from http://novellaqalive2.mhhe.com/sites/dl/free/00700… [If this link is down, click Interest Rates and Bond Valuation for an alternative link.]

blue figures

Fabozzi, F. J., & Peterson Drake, P. (2009). Chapter 7: Asset valuation: Basic bond and stock valuation models. Finance: Capital markets, financial management, and investment management. Wiley. Available in the Trident Online Library.

Finally, for some examples of valuation calculations in Excel see the following videos:

Moy, M. (2014). Bond valuation in Excel. Retrieved from

Girvin, M. (2010). Stock valuation with dividend growth model. ExcellsFun. Retrieved from

Girvin, M. (2010). Stock value based on present value of future dividend cash flows. ExcellsFun. Retrieved from

Optional Reading

Davis, A. (2016). Bond pricing. Retrieved from

Ahmad, A. (n.d.). Bonds part II: Pricing. Coursera. Retrieved from https://www.coursera.org/learn/finance-markets/lec…

Ozoguz, A. (n.d.) Basics of equity valuation. Coursera. Retrieved from https://www.coursera.org/learn/global-financial-ma…

Vishwanath, S. (2007). Chapter 24: Debt markets. Corporate finance: Theory and practice. SAGE Publications India. Available in the Trident Online Library.

 

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discussion question and reply 2 two peers 1

Search the internet for a recent news event (i.e., within the last six months) about scientific advances in supporting wellness. The event should come from a well-known news source, such as ABC, NBC, CBS, Fox, NPR, PBS, BBC, National Geographic, The New York Times, and so on. Post a link to the news story, and in your initial post, identify the following:

  • Summarize your news story and its contributions to the science or STEM fields.
  • If your news event is overtly related to wellness, how does this event contribute to wellness studies? If your news event does not directly relate to wellness, how could the science behind your event be applied to wellness studies?

In response to your peers, provide feedback about their news story and describe the value of the scientific lens for understanding wellness.

To complete this assignment, review the Discussion Rubric document.

Peer 1

Hello everyone

The world around us is constantly changing and evolving. More and more scientific advances are being made to better support wellness. There has been an “explosion of tech-driven gains and innovations that have the potential to reshape many aspects of health and medicine” (Benson, et al., 2018). One such innovation is the smartphone that can not only diagnose depression but can provide assistance through its apps (Pomeroy, 2019). By analyzing an individual’s behaviors through how people scroll, tap, and click, it is now possible to make a depression diagnosis (Pomeroy, 2019). This is extremely important, as over 300 million individuals suffer from depression, worldwide, and almost 800,000 commit suicide, annually (Pomeroy, 2019). Although the article I read was about the 7 most exciting breakthroughs, this one stood out to me the most, as I have battled depression for over 30 years. The stigma associated with mental health disorders keeps people from seeking treatment out of fear of judgment.

This innovation greatly contributes to wellness in a multitude of ways. In my experience, one has to jump through hoops in order to be seen by a therapist. This app could be set up to link to a therapist’s office, and they could see the urgency for certain patients to be seen faster. With the ability to render treatment via apps, this would help individuals that fear the stigma of mental health issues to get treatment without anyone knowing. To know that someone can get mental health assistance from an object most people keep in their hands 24/7, it gives me big hopes for the future of mental health around the world. Here is the link to the article, so you can see some of the latest inventions. Some are pretty cool. https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2019/05/healthcare-technology-precision-medicine-breakthroughs/

References

Benson, E., Hale, R., Chae, K. K., Dorfman, J., Cutler, C., Wang, C., … Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center. (2018, December 13). 12 innovations that will revolutionize the future of medicine. Retrieved from
https://www.nationalgeographic.com/magazine/2019/01/12-innovations-technology-revolutionize-future-medicine/#close.

Pomeroy, R. (2019, May 8). These are 7 of the most exciting breakthroughs in healthcare today. Retrieved from https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2019/05/healthcare-technology-precision-medicine-breakthroughs/.

Peer 2

Hello all,

the article They Love Football. They Try Not to Think About C.T.E. which was posted in the NYTimes. It goes on to talk about how we watch football and try not to think about C.T.E. The human brain is hard-wired to manage conflicting thoughts and emotions. We as football fans don’t think about concussion until we see that hit happen live. the connection between football and science is that there is a lot of Research that has shown, and even the N.F.L. has acknowledged, a connection between concussions, repeated hits to the head and chronic traumatic encephalopathy, the brain disease known as C.T.E., whose symptoms include dementia and brain damage.

If your news event is overtly related to wellness, how does this event contribute to wellness studies? this event contributes to wellness in a few different ways, If you look back over history if we had the research back then to understand C.T.E we could have prevented this somewhat. this contributed to wellness because this article hits all the wellness dimensions. Physical Dimension because it has to do with health. Intellectual Dimension because in this article we talk about people knowledge of C.T.E. Emotional, Social, Spiritual I believe fall in the same group because of simply the title of the article “They Love Football. They Try Not to Think About C.T.E.”

 

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Juliet Post One renewable energy source science homework help

Reply to post in 150 words or more.

One renewable energy source that has become more accessible to us is solar power for our homes.  Most people spend a lot of time at home and to switch to a solar power system would not only save the customer money, but it would also help produce energy for the power grid.  Many states offer programs that assist consumers in getting low cost solar panels for their home.  Another advantage to have solar power on your home is that you can get a tax write off because of your solar power contribution. The last benefit is that the consumer’s home value will also increase because of the solar panels.  I have had had solar panels on my home for the last 2 years and it has been a great experience for my family and the maintenance is very low.  If the world were to run out of oil if your home had solar panels you would still be able to somewhat maintain a decent lifestyle.

The second renewable energy source is geothermal energy.  Since it basically heats from the earth this source is something that should be around for a while.  Geothermal energies direct use causes no environmental concerns because the water isn’t toxic.  There are 3 types of plants that produce geothermal power which are dry steam, flash steam, and binary cycle (Turk, J., & Bensel, T. 2014).  There is only one dry steam power plant in the United States.  This could be a problem if we can’t duplicate or find another Geyser and the world ended because if we over used it I’m afraid it might dry up.  The flash steam and binary steam are most likely the most reliable sources to date for this method.

 

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Worker's Compensation

Write at least a two-page paper summarizing key findings regarding workplace safety using the four questions.

· What is Workers’ compensation laws?

· Who does workers’ compensation cover?

· How reduce likelihood of claims? (implementing safety and health promotion programs)

· How are workers’ compensation programs funded? (Programs are funded according to guidelines in each state.) 

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