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Your Unit 8 Assignment should be a formal, academic essay of 5-6 paragraphs, between two and and three pages long, double spaced (excluding title page and References page). The paper should inform your audience about a specific, recent, and researchable change, either positive or negative, in your field of study. Your goal is to explain to your audience either what caused this change to occur or to analyze the effects this change has had on the field, without taking a position, arguing for a change, or offering solutions.

As the final draft version of the paper you began in Unit 5, your Unit 8 Assignment should demonstrate your ability to do the following:

Focus on a single, specific, relevant, recent, and researchable change, either positive or negative, in your general field of study. Please note that technology is too broad as a topic, but a specific technological change like the increased use of cloud computing is a change; obesity is not a change, but the increase in obesity rates among children is a change.
Establish a clear thesis about this topic that focuses on either what caused the change or what effect this change has had on the field. You may not analyze both cause and effect.
Develop your thesis with specific observations, details, analysis, and research information
Avoid taking a position, making recommendations, or addressing solutions-the paper must be an objective, analytical essay that instead only analyzes the causes or effects of this change.
Organize your information logically, using clear transitions
Use appropriate formal third person language, avoiding first and second person language
Integrate 3-4 relevant and reliable, peer reviewed secondary sources and demonstrate the ability to summarize and paraphrase source information rather than relying on quotes
Apply current APA citations format to credit any and all uses of source information, both when you use the source information within the paragraphs (in text citations) and in an alphabetically listed References page
Apply revision, editing, and proofreading strategies to substantially revise your final draft, demonstrating substantial revision of your Unit 6 Assignment and Unit 8 Discussion Board post.
Apply current APA formatting expectations (title page, double spaced paragraphs, regular one-inch margins, 12-point Times New Roman font, for example)

EU Law

‘The protection of fundamental rights in the European Union (EU) is a rich and, at times, contested area of EU law and it has become increasingly important with the expansion of powers of the EU.’  Eleanor Spaventa, ‘Fundamental rights in the European Union’ in Catherine Barnard and Steve Peers (eds) European Union Law (2nd ed. OUP), pp. 227-228

Critically discuss this statement by reference to key Treaty provisions, case law and relevant academic commentary. Your answer must include an evaluation of the strengths and weaknesses of the EU human rights legal framework.

Greetings! This essay must include in deapth evaluation of the strenghts and weaknesses, don’t focus on historical content. Focus on Charter of Fundamental Rights, European Convention on human rights, use relevant eu cases.

Keep in mind this is a UK style essay, it has to be referenced by using OSCOLA referencing.

spanking vs not spanking a child for discipline

The goal of this paper is to construct a fair-minded, unbiased, analytical analysis of a topic in a comprehensive essay.

This is not an opinion piece or a persuasive essay that simply aims to prove or reinforce what you already believe. This would be confirmation bias, and bias must be avoided in this project.
This project needs to avoid harsh rhetoric or language that is harmful and hurtful in nature. The point is to be objective and unemotional in your approach.
This essay should be written in a fair, academic, respectful, and analytical manner regardless of any of your opinions, feelings, or preconceived notions about the topic.
Both sides of your topic must be treated with equal attention, both in terms of the number and quality of sources and in the depth and breadth of their presentation in your essay. Both sides should be addressed in the same number of paragraphs in roughly equivalent detail, and should be supported by the same number of quality sources.
You must identify and define rhetorical devices and logical fallacies on both sides of the argument. Be sure you indicate which specific rhetorical device and fallacy you have found, and there is evidence in your sources of these course concepts in practice that is cited in your paper.
You will present statements and claims for analyzing both sides of the topic. Only then should you state you own conclusion as an objective, critical thinker given the information presented.
Essay Format: Your essay must be 57 pages (16001900 words) in length. The abstract, title page, and reference list do not count in the page or word count. The essay must have the following elements:

Times New Roman
12-point
Double-spaced
1-inch margins
Proper Level I and Level II APA section headings for all major sections of the essay
All other applicable APA formatting
Required Elements:

A properly formatted APA title page
A properly formatted APA abstract
Body of the paper
Introduction: Identify the issue. Provide the necessary background and/or important recent developments. Define key terms and concepts. Engage the reader and explain the broader significance of the issue.
Arguments and Counterarguments: Summarize the best arguments on both sides of the issue. Include relevant research from credible sources used to support each conclusion. Devote at least one paragraph to each side.
Evaluation of Critical Thinking: Assess the strength of the arguments and the quality of thinking surrounding this issue.
Identify weaknesses in critical thinking such as fallacies, rhetorical devices, vague language, and cognitive biases. Provide specific examples of how these weaknesses appear in arguments you encountered, using terminology and definitions from the course. Be specific! Present evidence from your sources that show these fallacies/biases being used.
Evaluate the quality of scientific and anecdotal evidence using the standards of inductive and deductive reasoning described in the course. Consider the quality of causal relationship, analogies, generalizations, and/or moral reasoning.
Conclusion: Analyze the totality of research and offer a critical thinkers response to the issue. Identify your own position and experience with the issue and explain how your thinking of the subject has evolved as a result of your analysis. Your conclusion does not have to be absolute, but it should not be equivocal. If both sides have good arguments, which is better, even if only slightly better, and what is the argument that tips the scales in the sides favor? Why does that point tip the scales?
A properly formatted APA reference list
Sources should appear in alphabetical order according to the last name of the first author listed on the source.
If there is no author(s), then the source should be cited by title or organization.
Sources and Research Sources: You must use five scholarly or academic sources and all research should be published within the last five years. Sources not scholarly or academic in nature may affect your grade. It is highly recommended that most of your research be conducted via the WCU Library.

Eligible sources listed best-to-worst:

Peer-reviewed journal articles
Peer review is the process that allows scientists to trust the reliability of published journal articles. The only way to tell if a journal article has been peer reviewed is to look for information about the journal, normally on the publisher’s website. Most databases do not indicate if an article is peer reviewed or not.
The WCU library contains many of peer-reviewed sources. This is going to be the most desired type of evidence to use for any paper at WCU.
Scholarly research articles
Research articles (original research articles, primary research articles, or case studies) are your standard scientific articles. Most often published in peer-reviewed journals, primary research articles report on the findings of a scientist’s work.
They almost always include a description of how the research was conducted and what the results mean. This is also a highly desirable type of research to use for your papers.
Government and state reports
Many government agencies like the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS), the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), National Institute of Mental Health (NIHM), and the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) may have studies and statistics that may be useful for your topic. However, these sources are usually informational reports in nature, and therefore they rarely dig into the critical arguments used by the sides of a topic.
Though usually credible and reliable source, government reports should generally be used as supplemental, secondary sources to support or rebut academic sources. They should not be the main sources of your argument.
Other articles or sources
When this general term is used for an assignment, get clarification from your instructor about the source requirements. These are articles or sources that have been well researched and include a lot of citations. When you assess these resources, make sure that they are appropriate to use as evidence because they may contain bias. You should look at the sources these articles are using, determine if they are legitimate, reputable, and credible, and then make a judgment call.
These types of articles are the least desirable type of articles from the list of acceptable types to use (depending on each courses expectations).
Review articles
Editorials, opinion, commentary, and perspectives
Trade publication articles
Technical reports
Documentaries
Interviews or TED talks
Sources that may not be used on this essay include the following:

Wikipedia and information from freelance websites (check with your professor before using these sources)
Information from general or reference sources such as dictionaries, encyclopedias, general information websites, or other reference works online or in print. Check with your teacher regarding textbooks from other courses or other sources if you are not sure.
Articles from publications or magazines that lack research to back up their claims
Religious texts of any kind
Obviously or highly biased sources that contain no credible or reputable support

Symposium

In the Ancient Greek world (the world of Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle, often regarded as the birthplace of philosophy) a symposium was a banquet held after a meal, an after party of sorts that usually included drinking, dancing, recitals and engaging conversations on the topics of the day.

For our purposes in this course, the Symposium discussions will not involve dancing, recitals or a banquet, but they will provide food for thought on current ethical issues and direct application of the ethical theory discussed in each of these weeks.

It is almost impossible these days to turn on the news or log onto social media without encountering a controversy that cries out for ethical discussion. For these Symposium discussions, your instructor will choose a topic of current ethical interest and a resource associated with it for you to read or watch. Your task is to consider how the ethical theory of the week might be used to examine, understand or evaluate the issue.

This week, you will consider how virtue ethics applies to a controversy, dilemma, event, or scenario selected by your instructor. It is a chance for you to discuss together the ethical issues and questions that it raises, your own response to those, and whether that aligns with or does not align with a virtue ethics approach. The aim is not to simply assert your own view or to denigrate other views, but to identify, evaluate, and discuss the moral reasoning involved in addressing the chosen issue.

Your posts should remain focused on the ethical considerations, and at some point in your contribution you must specifically address the way a virtue ethicist would approach this issue by explaining and evaluating that approach.

If you have a position, you should strive to provide reasons in defense of that position.

This is our final symposium, and our final video is a tour de force. I would LOVE for all of you to watch this video all the way through, but that is a lot to ask, I know, so watch AT LEAST a 30 minute segment, or jump around and watch segments that together add up to about 30 minutes. There is an amazing amount of information to discuss here. I am a member of the Heterodox Academy that Haidt founded. I would LOVE to hear your views on this material. Professor Haidt is joined here by the acclaimed and controversial clinical psychologist, Jordan Peterson. Their interaction is quite wide-ranging and exciting. Let’s see what we can make of this material in light of all that we have been discussing in our class so far!

Link to video-
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4IBegL_V6AA&feature=youtu.be