Project Outline: Identify a Research Question Collect Data- Observational Study

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Project Outline:
Identify a Research Question
Collect Data- Observational Study or Experiment
Analyze Data- Graphically and Numerically
Perform Inference- Answer Research Question
Instructions Present Findings
Research Question:
Identify a question that is
interesting, appropriate, and
worthy of investigation.
Your question must lend itself to
data that can be analyzed using
the methods learned in class.
You are expected to get your
question approved prior to
collecting data
Form an appropriate hypotheses
to guide your investigation.
Data Collection:
· Data can come from three sources: A well-designed and carried out
survey, observational study, or experiment. Your data collection
procedure should accurately reflect the question being researched.
· A full, detailed description of the collection procedure should be
included in your final report. Thoroughly describe the procedure in
terms of the methodology
· Organize raw data in a spreadsheet and include it in your final
report.
Exploratory Data Analysis:
· Analyze raw data using appropriate graphical and numerical procedures
(histograms, probability plots, mean plots, standard deviation plots, box plots,
frequency tables, etc.)
· This could include: detecting outliers and anomalies, shape, mean, zscore,
probability, and spread of datasets in the context of your research
question.
· Include appropriate graphical displays and numeric summaries/descriptions in
your final report.
· Interpret the exploratory data analysis in the context of your research question.
Inference (Conclusion from findings):
Form appropriate hypotheses to answer your research question.
Check appropriate conditions for your test of significance (if application)
Show all applicable work: Sampling Distribution, Test Statistic Calculation,
p-value, etc.
Answer your research question based on your inferential calculations.
Final Paper:
You are expected to write up your findings in
a final report.
This report should follow APA formatting and
should include a section for each task noted
above. (Please refer to template provided).
(a list of specific options or questions about their eating habits or choices that they can choose from in order to gauge their responses. Also, I would have some demographic questions, besides just gender, that will help you statistically analyze your results such as age, race, etc.)

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Identify a Research Question
Collect Data- Observational Study appeared first on homework handlers.

Your text describes critical methodology as follows: This methodology takes as i

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Your text describes critical methodology as follows:
This methodology takes as its main task pointing out to the reader things they have likely not realized: the ways in which words and images are being used to fool, manipulate, or indoctrinate the audience. Critical methodologists seek to reveal the ways in which power operates in mundane ways without the audience even being aware of it. Thus, critical social scientists think of themselves as activists, but also as objective. While these two terms normally do not go together, for critical methodologists, they are not contradictory. Objectivity to the critical social scientist means questioning the taken for granted so that you are seeing things as they really are, rather than as what you have been led to believe. (Gordon 2015)
Usually in a content analysis we report what we do find. However, one of tactics critical methodologists can use to achieve their critical stance is by asking what is MISSING or what is not shown in their content analysis. Thinking about what is not in the content tells us what might be unexpected and out of the ordinary where the ordinary is how society is structured and taught to us as “Common Sense.” For example, what can be missing from a newscast is information pertinent to workers such as labor union news and legislation that might benefit them in terms of employer-sponsored healthcare, wage increases, and the gender pay gap. Generally, the news discusses business, stocks, and other human-interest stories, not worker rights. When is the last time you heard a business report include information specifically pertinent to workers?
Directions:
Your research question: Who is not portrayed in [magazine name’s] advertisements?
Find the magazine you want to analyze. For example, Maxim, Vogue, Teen Vogue, etc
Advertisements. Before beginning to tally on your content analysis coding sheet, count the number of pages with advertisements. What percentage of total pages of the magazine have an advertisement on them? (For hard copies) Divide the number of pages with advertisements by the total number of pages in the magazine. (For online magazines) If you are analyzing online magazines this gets tricky. You will need to go through probably about twenty of their stories to count the number of webpages that have an ad. Yes, it will probably be 100 percent. If you have a hard copy, it will likely be less than 100 percent.
All Images. View each advertisement image and other image presented and place a tally mark each time you view the criterion described in the coding sheet. For example, place a tally mark next to “white” each time you see some who appears to be white to you. If you can’t tell, then take your best guess. Notice that your tally sheet is already divided by gender. You can add as many rows in the coding sheet for categories you create. I encourage you to create your own categories.
Once you finish filling in the coding sheet, you are ready to write up your one-page, perfect paper describing what you found and what you did not find.
In your one-page, perfect paper, be sure to do the following:
First paragraph. State the research question (I have given this to you above) in your opening paragraph along with a description of your methodology and methods and whether or not you viewed the online version of the magazine. Say briefly the limitations of your content analysis, if any. Note: Methodology and methods are two different things.
Second paragraph -Ads and Images. Report your findings using quantitative phrasing. Start by reporting the percentage of pages that have an advertisement. Then report the percentage of images (all images) that have different charcateristics you tallied) For example, x percent of the images appear to be cis women. x percent of men depicted appear to be black.
Third paragraph. Offer a brief, critical analysis of who is not represented in your analysis. Which characteristics are missing or less/underrepresented?
Quick final comment. Make a tentative conclusion for future study.
Include your coding sheet(s) behind the one-page perfect paper after a reference page if you cite any materials.

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This methodology takes as i appeared first on homework handlers.

Final exam, due Friday, December 4 uploaded to Canvas as a single document by 12

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Final exam, due Friday, December 4 uploaded to Canvas as a single document by 12:00pm noon (midday). You may only use your course readings and materials for this exam. You may use your notes, book, discussions, and readings. You may NOT collaborate with other students, seek help from another person, or “Google” or otherwise use internet sources for this exam. Each person’s answers should be UNIQUE and not reflect anyone’s work but your own. Similar answers will be submitted as an academic integrity violation to the Dean of the School of Arts and Sciences.
Identify: For this part of the exam, choose four to answer for two points each (8 points total). You will need to identify (WHO, what, and how/why) for each. In a separate sentence, state WHY this term is IMPORTANT to the sociological study of inequality for each term. Do your own work and do not accept help from any other source (other than assigned readings) or person.
Weathering hypothesis
Occupational prestige
Utilitarianism
Veil of ignorance
Categorical imperative
Moral desert
Telos
Short Answer: Answer THREE for four points each (12 points total). Write in complete sentences; your answers should be unique and not reflect any help or collaboration from any other person or source that is not your assigned readings. You should reference a minimum of one author/researcher’s name in each of your responses (other than Stuber or Sandel, your textbook authors).
1. Explain the “field experiment” (“audit study”) approach to sociological research and give two examples (with authors’ names) of how this method has been used to study inequality. How do these studies help us understand inequality better?
How do economic and residential segregation influence each other to worsen educational inequality? Give two examples, citing at least one author.
Name one historical and one contemporary example of inequalities of health care and/or health outcomes among racial groups.
Name two skills or ways of thinking that sociology students can learn from the process of ethical reasoning. Additionally, how would you apply ethical reasoning to your role as a citizen?
Provide a justification for Universal Basic Income using one of the ethical reasoning perspectives from the Sandel book. Using that perspective, you must also account for the issue of consent for those who would oppose UBI in society.

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Social work practitioners employ three sources of knowledge: (a) experiential wa

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Social work practitioners employ three sources of knowledge: (a) experiential ways of knowing and evidence, (b) theoretical ways of knowing and evidence, and (c) empirical ways of knowing and evidence (Williams & Glasby, 2010). Because most social work students come into the PhD Social Work or DSW programs with a firm practitioner identity, they may rely more heavily on experiential ways of knowing. This makes sense because they have been in the field for many years.
However, these ways of knowing draw on authority, tradition, emotions, past experiences, and intuition, which can be questionable (Gambrill, 2012). As you continue in your doctoral program, you will be encouraged to shift to using theoretical and empirical evidence when you make claims. This requires understanding research methods in order to critically evaluate practices that have an evidence-based. In your social work practice, you should begin to reflect on how you make social work decisions and the sources of knowledge upon which those decisions are based.
To prepare:
Review this book chapter listed in the Learning Resources: Gambrill, E. (2012). Different views of knowledge and how to get it: Exploring your personal epistemology. In Eileen Gambrill, Critical thinking in clinical practice: Improving the quality of judgments and decisions (pp. 87–124). New York: John Wiley.
Focus on pages 90-99, where sources of knowledge is covered.
Post:
**Identify two sources of knowledge from Gambrill’s chapter and explain how a social worker uses these different types of “questionable” knowledge in practice.
**Offer an example of how each type of “questionable” knowledge guides your decision-making in social work practice.
**Evaluate one strength and one limitation in using these two sources of knowledge to guide decision-making in social work practice.
**Identify specific ways how a doctoral education will help you develop skills to critically evaluate evidence to determine which practices to use based on the evidence-base.

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