Journal 4 Ethical Issues in the Global Arena, after 1999 the world asses globalism. This changes constraints and landscape of all business especially U.S. multinational and must address new encounters of operating in vastly different area of business (corporate validity). Both the MNC hosts country viewpoint, country laws, cultural, and ethics. Cultural dissimilarities, and business and government variances. Issues that arise include: Questionable financing, marketing, government interferences and regulations, and quality control. Child labor laws and other labor abuse issues including safety. Ethical challenges including corruption, bribery, and questionable payments, different ethical values and practices. In week four, the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act is enacted, the transparency International is developed, and the OCED Anti-bribery Initiatives launched. The FCPA’s anti-bribery provisions extend to two types of behavior, the first to making bribes directly and secondly to making bribes through intermediaries. The dilemma of the multinational corporation seeks to specify the principles for socially responsible corporate conduct on the basis of a social contract. This includes the basic rights consisting of elements necessary for survival transcultural values, consistent norms consist of norms that are culturally specific, property rights, protection of life, protection against outside threats, freedom of religion and speech, also moral free space consists of strongly held cultural beliefs in particular countries. Also, global ethics training, online ethics training, learning needs assessments, ethical culture audits, team risk profiler, individual risk profiler. Lastly, assessing the impact of learning used to determine whether workshops and training have the desired effect. Some cases highlighted include the widely publicized bankruptcy of Orange County, which focused the attention of political theorists and government practitioners on the prudence and ethics of public entrepreneurship. The ethics of public entrepreneurship became a major issue of public discourse through the widely publicized bankruptcy of Orange County, California (Cohen & Eimicke, 1996). Next, the ethics of public entrepreneurship became a major issue of public discourse through the widely publicized bankruptcy of Orange County, California (Cohen & Eimicke, 1996). This attracted the attention of public policy researchers and ethicists because it so dramatically illustrates the tension between the increasing pressure to improve government performance through innovation and the equally strong demand for integrity and accountability of public officials. Then came the Radisson Hotel project. There was wide support for a downtown hotel in the city to spur economic development and help create the image of the city as the preeminent municipality in the region. A site was assembled and several administrations, sought to move the project forward without success. The experience of the cases that were reviewed do not offer a clear answer to the questions posed in Frederickson’s ethical critique of public entrepreneurialism. This is true because the practice of public entrepreneurs does not fall easily into the categories which he has described as “new managerialism” (1999, p.1). The latitude and discretion conferred on Citron by Orange County authorities was not due to an interest in eliminating red tape for efficiency’s sake. Elementary foresightedness would probably have led his superiors to inquire more closely into the risks he was assuming on the County’s behalf in order to obtain extraordinary financial returns. This kind of management failure is not just ethical it is also a matter of competence. To provide guidance on how to respond to the issues raised by the cases presented, guidelines for public servants seeking to assess the prudence of a public entrepreneurial venture were created. The result is five principles: Obey the Law; Serve the Public Interest; Ensure Thorough Analysis; Act with Compassion and Empathy; Take Personal Responsibility for Decisions. The main aim of ethics trainings for public officials is to prevent corruption and to provide good public service. the recognition of the importance of integrity training for ensuring longer-term sustainability of anti-corruption and integrity measures is growing. Many international organizations recommend that countries boost their efforts to educate their public officials on ethics.
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