Module 2:Validity and Reliabiity

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1. To begin, please read this article:

Reliability and Validity of Measurement

2. Next, individually do further research (see #3 description below for guidance) on reliability and validity (think about what these terms mean, why they are important, etc.)

3. Post in the Class Discussion Board on BB about the research you did, providing the class with information about articles you read, the importance of these terms, and why they are important to the development of any assessment instrument. Describe and explain at least 4 types of reliability and how they differ. How does validity differ from reliability? Use at least 2 additional peer-reviewed sources to describe and explain validity and reliability.

Environmental Sustainability and International business

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Watch the animation video, “Climate Change, Greenhouse Gases, Emission Trading Scheme?”

There has been discussion about the pros and cons of climate treaties like the Kyoto Protocol and the Copenhagen Accord. There has been discussion about the advantages of firms and specific business opportunities that might be generated by going green. Let us also consider the other side and play devil’s advocate on what may be any negatives? In addition, do you think regulation can ensure safe operations, or does business need to engage in activities like renewable energy production in order to learn to how to do it right, and safely?

How can we curb emissions without, at least less, hurting our economy? How can we get other countries to curb their emissions as much as we do? What about developing countries that have horrid air quality, but can’t afford to do much about it?

Requirement:
1.Exceptional level of the main discussion that brings value to the discussion while building on others’ insights.
2.This is an original contribution that stimulates a lot of interesting discussion. It explicitly includes academic research or relevant evidence. It certainly requires inquiry external to the class textbook and readings, which must be correctly referenced.
3.It is a high value-added discussion that brings in new insights, material, and references. A good example includes at least four references in their main posting.
4.The student has explored the comments of many others and contributed to their postings. A good example includes more than eight corresponding postings. Each posting should include at least one reference in their response posting.

Ozone layer depletion, Environment paper help

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Select one of the following environmental topics:

Ozone layer depletion
Global climate change
Transboundary air pollution
Ocean overfishing

Write a 1,050- to 1,400-word paper in which you address the following:

Describe your topics–characterize the nature of the problem, its effects on human health or the environment, and some history of the problem.
Explain how conventional law or customary law may play a role in solving your environmental problems, and what extent the global commons is a factor.
Research at least two peer-reviewed articles on your topics that address solutions.
Compare and contrast several solutions and recommend a solution to the problem of your choice. Include a discussion of U.S. policies that should be considered to address the problem.

Cite at least four references, including the two peer-reviewed articles.
Format your paper consistent with APA guidelines.

 

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1. What is the balance of payments?

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1.     What is the balance of payments? Why must the balance of payments generally add up to zero

2.     Explain how interest rates, exchange rates, inflation, and income change in response to a balance of payments deficit or surplus both in the case of flexible and fixed exchange rates

3.     Describe the chronology of events leading up to the LDC debt crisis. What were its main causes and what solutions have been proposed to deal with the problem

4.     When does the IMF play a role in lending money to a country? What conditions does it often impose on borrowers? Why?

5.     Define and discuss the advantages and disadvantages of foreign aid, foreign debt and foreign investment

6.     What are remittances? What are some of the benefits and disadvantages of remittances for developing countries

7.     What is ‘brain drain’?

 

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