Cultures, regardless of where they are or how long ago they existed, share a few common characteristics.

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Cultures, regardless of where they are or how long ago they existed, share a few common characteristics. Among these characteristics is a structure to care for their children and to socialize them in the culture. Children are taught, both directly and indirectly, the values of the culture, their role in the culture, and the expectations the culture has for them. Children absorb the rules, dynamics, and values, which they will later pass these on to subsequent generations.

As a social worker, you will deal with families from different cultural backgrounds. Understanding the cultural background of the families you work with will help you to effectively intervene and advocate for policies that support their needs. How prepared are you to identify and advocate for social policies that are just and support families from all cultures?

For this Discussion, review this week’s resources, including the Hernandez Family video case. Consider how cultural considerations might affect child welfare policy. Then, think about what your responsibilities, as a social worker, might be in supporting the Hernandez family in addressing their child welfare needs through the accessibility of services.

Hernandez Family Episode 3 Program Transcript

JUAN HERNANDEZ: Do you have any idea how hard it is for us to get to these classes? ELENA HERNANDEZ: And there’s only one class a week. We don’t have a choice when to come. FEMALE SPEAKER: That is why we offer the parenting class at night, to make it easier for working families to attend. ELENA HERNANDEZ: That’s fine for some people, but that’s when Juan gets his overtime. He can’t do both. Every time we come here it costs us. We lose money. And the way things are, we can’t afford to lose a dime. FEMALE SPEAKER: I understand that missing overtime is having a big impact on you financially. And I understand what you’re saying about the class only being offered one night a week. If we could offer it several times a week, that would probably be more helpful. But in the meantime– JUAN HERNANDEZ: Look, let’s stop dancing around what’s really wrong here. We appreciate what you’re doing. You want to help parents do a better job with their kids. But we’re good parents. We love our kids. Yes, they get punished when they need to be punished, just Elena and I when we were growing up. But we don’t hit our boys. We don’t hurt them. If anything, you hurt them by making us come here when I could be out there making extra money, money that the family needs. Do you hear me? This class this, whole policy is the real problem. That’s what needs to change, not us.

By Day 3

Post an explanation of how cultural considerations might affect child welfare policy. Then, explain what your responsibilities, as a social worker, might be in supporting the Hernandez family in addressing their child welfare needs through the accessibility of services.

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Environmental Factors and Health Promotion Presentation

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Environmental Factors and Health Promotion Presentation

 

The growth, development, and learned behaviors that occur during the first year of infancy have a direct effect on the individual throughout a lifetime. For this assignment, research an environmental factor that poses a threat to the health or safety of infants and develop a health promotion that can be presented to caregivers.

Create a 10-12 slide PowerPoint health promotion, with speaker notes, that outlines a teaching plan. For the presentation of your PowerPoint, use Loom to create a voice over or a video. Include an additional slide for the Loom link at the beginning, and an additional slide for references at the end.

In developing your PowerPoint, take into consideration the health care literacy level of your target audience, as well as the demographic of the caregiver/patient (socioeconomic level, language, culture, and any other relevant characteristic of the caregiver) for which the presentation is tailored

Include the following in your presentation:

  1. Describe the selected environmental factor. Explain how the environmental factor you selected can potentially affect the health or safety of infants.e
  2. Create a health promotion plan that can be presented to caregivers to address the environmental factor and improve the overall health and well-being of infants.
  3. Offer recommendations on accident prevention and safety promotion as they relate to the selected environmental factor and the health or safety of infants.
  4. Offer examples, interventions, and suggestions from evidence-based research. At least three scholarly resources are required. Two of the three resources must be peer-reviewed and no more than 6 years old.
  5. Provide readers with two community resources, a national resource, and a Web-based resource. Include a brief description and contact information for each resource.

Refer to the resource, “Creating Effective PowerPoint Presentations,” located in the Student Success Center, for additional guidance on completing this assignment in the appropriate style.

Refer to the resource, “Loom,” located in the Student Success Center, for additional guidance on recording your presentation.

While APA style is not required for the body of this assignment, solid academic writing is expected, and documentation of sources should be presented using APA formatting guidelines, which can be found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center.

This assignment uses a rubric. Please review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the expectations for successful completion.

You are required to submit this assignment to LopesWrite. Refer to the LopesWrite Technical Support articles for assistance.

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Reply to the following posts. In your reply, include new information about the attributes you utilized in your original assignment (The one you did for me). Each reply should be at least 200 to 300 words.

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Reply to the following posts. In your reply, include new information about the attributes you utilized in your original assignment (The one you did for me). Each reply should be at least 200 to 300 words.

I will also attach the original assignment you did for me.

Post # 1: Jacqueline

The United States health system is built upon the three pillars of quality, cost and access to healthcare. These three pillars have been a focus in policy and healthcare reform in recent years and will continue to be in coming years. There are many attributes that contribute to these three pillars and their continued progress. Upon completing the readings by Shi and Singh (2014), some of these attributes include number of students entering medical school, prescription drug cost and the effects of research on healthcare. The number of students entering medical school, cost of prescription drugs and research are all related to the three pillars of quality, cost and access to healthcare.

The number of students entering medical school is determined by several variables. A major variable effecting the number of students entering medical school is their ability to obtain a government grant to help cover the cost of medical school (Shi & Singh, 2014). With the help of government grants, more students may be more likely to apply to a medical school. The increase in number of students going to medical school will result in more providers. Currently, there is great demand for primary care physicians and with more students attending medical school due to government grants, resultantly a greater number of providers will be available and will increase the populations access to healthcare (Shi & Singh, 2014). The attribute of the number of students going to medical school relates to the access to healthcare in the United States.

The next attribute of healthcare identified it the readings of Shi and Singh (2014) is the cost of prescription drugs. The cost of prescription drugs impacts individuals overall cost of healthcare. The cost of prescriptions drugs can greatly increase in a short period, and in 2014 and 2015, there was a twelve-percent increase on overall spending on prescription drugs (Shi & Singh, 2014). The cost of prescription drugs has also been a hot topic in politics. The president of the United States has claimed that the cost of prescription drug prices went down last year for the first time in 51 years (Rizzo, 2019). In the report by The Washington Post, it was found that the statement and claims made by the president were skewed and in 2018, there was an increase in 4,412 brand-name drugs and a price cut to only 46 brand-name drugs in the first seven months of the year (Rizzo, 2019). The cost of prescription coverage effects the overall cost of healthcare to individuals and has been a topic of focus politically.  The third attribute identified in the readings is the effect that research has on healthcare. Research is directly related to the quality of healthcare. The effect of research on healthcare includes reducing “the risk of harm from healthcare services by using evidence-based research and technology to promote the delivery of best possible care” (Shi & Singh, 2014, p. 558). Research also transforms practice of healthcare by increasing access to effective services and “improves healthcare outcomes by encouraging providers, consumers and patients to use evidence-based information to make informed treatment decisions” (Shi & Singh, 2014, p. 558). Research is responsible for evidence-based practice and ultimately increasing the quality of healthcare in the United States.  The combination of these three attributes of number of students entering medical school, cost of prescription drugs and the effects of research are all related to the three pillars of healthcare. The three pillars of healthcare provide a solid foundation to healthcare in the United States and will continue to be improved upon through policy and healthcare reform. Quality, cost and access to healthcare effect the health of the United States population and will continue to remain a focus of opportunity for improvement.

 

References

Rizzo, S. (2019, July 15). Are prescription drug prices going down? The Washington Post. Retrieved from https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2019/07/15/are-prescription-drug-prices-going-down/ Shi, L., & Singh, D. (2014). Delivering Health Care in America (7th ed.). Sudbury, MA: Jones and Bartlett.

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Post # 2: Emily

 

Quality, cost and access are the three main pillars of the U.S healthcare system. While we strive as a nation to maintain these three pillars, there are many other attributes that contribute to the system as well to consider. According to Shi and Singh (2019), one of the biggest characteristics of the U.S healthcare system that separates it from other developed nations is that it is a private system of financing and delivery and not controlled by a single department or agency (p. 11). This system avoids the use of global budgets, which is defined by Shi and Singh (2019) as “allocation of pre-established total expenditures for a health care system or subsystem”, and allows private businesses to finance health care expenditures independently from the government (p.11). Having no central agency also allows for lower taxes. Former Vice President Joe Biden, in the most recent democratic debate, argued that use of a central agency, or Senator Bernie Sanders proposal of “Medicare for All”, to control the healthcare system would cause taxes to “skyrocket” (Huetteman, 2019). While access is certainly a goal of the U.S health care system, there are other characteristics that could effect the American people as well to consider.

Another characteristic of the U.S healthcare system is that access to health care services is based on insurance coverage (Shi & Singh, 2019, p. 10). There are multiple ways Americans can access health care services, however there are barriers if patients are uninsured. One of the main barriers to safe health care delivery to the uninsured is the lack of access to primary care services (Shi & Singh, 2019, p. 12). Because of these barriers, Americans are encouraged to insure themselves either through their employers or through a government health program. According to a report by Wolfson (2019), California will begin issuing tax penalties to those who are uninsured.            Lastly, research and innovation in the medical field is one of the reasons the U.S has some of the best hospitals in the world and one of the characteristics that contributes to quality health care delivery (Shi & Singh, 2019, p. 16). However, balancing these new advances and providing cost-effective care can be a challenge (Mawali, Pinto, & Hinai, 2018, p. 442). According to Mawali, Pinto, and Hinai (2018), government systems must regulate “assessment, planning, and budgeting to formal evaluation, procurement, warehousing, distribution, utilization, maintenance, replacement, and disposal” in order to meet the needs of developing processes while also maintaining a budget (p. 442).

Providing high-quality, cost-effective and accessible care is a challenging task effected by multiple factors of the U.S healthcare system. This issue directly impacts every American and leaders are consistently presenting new ideas to effectively reach these goals to satisfy citizens. With diseases growing more complex and technology advancing to diagnose, treat and prolong the lives of many, the challenge of maintaining these pillars is becoming more of an issue. References

Huetteman, E. (December 20, 2019). Democrats Debate Whether ‘Medicare For All’ Is ‘Realistic’. Kaiser Health News. Retrieved from

https://khn.org/news/democrats-debate-whether-medicare-for-all-is-realistic/ Mawali, A. A.-, Pinto, A. D., & Hinai, A. T. A.-. (2018). Medical Equipment and Healthcare Technology: Health Vision 2050. Biomedical Instrumentation and

Technology, (6), 442. Retrieved from https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=edsgao&AN=edsgcl.563952593&site=eds-live Shi, L., & Singh, D. (2019). Delivering Health Care in America (7th ed.). Sudbury, MA: Jones and Bartlett. Wolfson, J.B. (December 13, 2019). Californians without health insurance will pay a penalty — or not. Kaiser Health News. Retrieved from

Californians Without Health Insurance Will Pay A Penalty — Or Not

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Running Head: HEALTH POLICIES, POLITICS AND PERSPECTIVES 1

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Running Head: HEALTH POLICIES, POLITICS AND PERSPECTIVES 1

HEALTH POLICIES, POLITICS AND PERSPECTIVES . 4

Week #1 Discussion #2:

Key Characteristics of the U.S. Healthcare System

In the USA, the healthcare system has three pillars, quality, access and cost. They influence accessibility of healthcare among the American citizens (Shi & Singh, 2015). The government has embarked on efforts to ensure that there is improved health access to its people and continually increase the good being of its people. The paper explores how various attributes related to the pillars in the delivery of healthcare in the United States of America.

Health policy that the government employ foster on safety. The patients’ safety is a major priority of the USA government (Shi & Singh, 2015). Safety in healthcare is patient-centered to ensure that there is proper flow of information between the various shareholders in the market. Proper flow of information ensures that the needs of the patients are addressed as well as better disease prevention methods (Shi & Singh, 2015) (Goodnough, 2019). Thus, there is little or no room for intolerance among the healthcare practitioners that fosters patient safety. People are assured of safety due to the high quality of services that the people provide (Goodnough, 2019). However, costs for diagnosis and medication of some diseases is high that lower access among the middle and poor working classes.

Healthcare delivery is also efficient and effective. Efficiency in the United States is achieved through the utilization of technology. There is a continued use of technology to ensure that there are right diagnoses of diseases (Shi & Singh, 2015). Besides, the doctors and other shareholders within the healthcare sector use technology in the management of records. Management of records promotes the privacy of patients’ information. As a result, people have trust in healthcare providers. The government also improves the effectiveness of the healthcare system in the USA through increasing of insurance among the people (Goodnough, 2019). The USA has increased insurance covers among the people through the ACA act. The policy ensures that most of the people obtain insurance cover and consecutively increase access to the people (Shi & Singh, 2015). Another program is Medicare that provides insurance cover to the patients who are above 65 years. The programs cover patients who are above 65 years, those with disabilities and those with end-stage renal disease. Through the programs, the people obtain pharmaceuticals, and the healthcare providers are also better skilled that improve on the quality of services that they deliver to the American people. The major provider of healthcare services in the private sector since most hospitals are run by profit organizations (Goodnough, 2019). Healthcare providers firms compete over clients through the services that they offer. Competition fosters the quality of services that they provide as well as the rates that they offer to the general population.

The healthcare system in the USA is also equitable by making it available to all the people. Providing people with equal medical care has been the major objective of American citizens (Shi & Singh, 2015). Thee old, minority communities like African Americans as well as social-economic disparities. The affordable healthcare act ensures that all people have equal access to healthcare. The program lower pocket payoffs that people pay that lowers medical bills (Goodnough, 2019). People also easily access medical facilities that make people access facilities. Besides, the lack of a central agency that controls healthcare reduces bureaucracy that would undermine equitable access to healthcare.

References

Goodnough, A. (2019, December 18).Health Spending Grew Modestly, New Analysis Finds. Retrieved from https://www.nytimes.com/2019/12/05/health/health-spending-medical-costs.html

Shi & Singh, D. A. (2015). Essentials of the U.S. Health Care System. Burlington, MA: Jones & Bartlett Publishers.

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