Air wildfire sampling

Background: The wildfires in Oregon in September created hazardous air days in the Corvallis area. Many people were advised to stay indoors to protect themselves from the air pollution. But was the indoor air quality any better?

To address this question, 4 air samples were collected using the UPAS V2 Personal Aerosol Sampler on September 10-11, 2020 in Corvallis, Oregon when the town was inundated by wildfire smoke. The samplers collected fine particulate matter (PM2.5). Two sets of paired samples (indoor and outdoor) were taken with different sampler settings (cycling and no-cycling). Cycling is a technique by which the sampler turns on and off every 30 seconds. This is to prevent the filter from becoming overloaded (e.g. clogged) during high concentration events and to prolong the battery life of the sampler. Overloaded filters compromise the air flow through the filter and subsequently will not provide an accurate measurement (e.g. tend to under-estimate the actual concentration). The data from these samples is presented in Table 1.

The UPAS V2 Personal Aerosol Sampler is a new, low cost sensor that was designed to support citizen science projects. It uses gravimetric methodology and cyclones to collect particulate matter on a filter. Since it is new technology, it was been tested against EPA reference method samplers for gravimetric analysis of PM2.5 across a broad range of concentrations (Volckens et al. (2017) Development and evaluation of an ultrasonic personal aerosol sampler. Indoor Air, 27(2):409-416.)

Sample Solution

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CS6201 Requirements Engineering for Health Informatics Autumn 2017 Assignment 3: Specifying Requirements Background You will receive a copy of a Statement of Requirements produced as part of a tendering  process (request for proposals) a few years ago by the HSE

CS6201 Requirements Engineering for Health Informatics Autumn 2017 Assignment 3: Specifying Requirements Background You will receive a copy of a Statement of Requirements produced as part of a tendering  process (request for proposals) a few years ago by the HSE.  Your task for this assignment is  to study this document and if you want to, go beyond it, but use it to learn about the  application domain which includes Time and attendance, shift planning, self‐rostering and  so forth.  So, your ‘requirements elicitation’ will be done mainly by reading and analysing  the contents of the HSE document.    Objectives The objectives of this assignment are for students to become: 1. familiar with challenges of writing system requirements documentation and 2. competent in the writing of quality requirements for systems and 3. proficient in writing data requirements and aware of their significance. What to write 0. Background. Goals and objectives for the system 1. Glossary of terms (terms used in the application domain, not computer/IT terms) 2. Data requirements, using two different techniques 3. Quality requirements using any one of the techniques we looked at. Individual or Team? This assignment can be carried out by individuals or by teams of students. Two, three or four could work together. Naturally, the more people on the team, the more substantial the content expected, and some marks will be for evidence of teamwork and coordination. Submission date 20th December 2017 All submissions should be in a professional format with a cover page with your Name(s), Course, Date, Assignment details. Pages should be numbered. Citations and References are not needed in this assignment. Examination link One of the compulsory questions in the final examination will assume you are familiar with the contents and format of this assignment, and test your understanding of your (or your team’s) work in progress for the assignment submission.

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Locate a minimum of three community or national resources for your illness group chosen in Week 1, preferably in your community

Locate a minimum of three community or national resources for your illness group chosen in Week 1, preferably in your community. Study these resources and write a report about them in a 4- to 5-page Microsoft Word document. Include in your response all the information the patient should know about them (the specific services they offer, fee schedules, if and when appropriate, criteria for eligibility, and any other important information). Discuss potential advantages and disadvantages for vulnerable populations in seeking these resources.  Support your responses with examples.

On a separate references page, cite all sources using APA format.

•Use this APA Citation Helper as a convenient reference for properly citing resources.

•This handout will provide you the details of formatting your essay using APA style.

•You may create your essay in this APA-formatted template.

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In your Collaborative Learning Community, write a paper of 500-1,000 words that describes the national and international implications of the selected health issue. Include the following:

This is a Collaborative Learning Community (CLC) assignment.

In your Collaborative Learning Community, write a paper of 500-1,000 words that describes the national and international implications of the selected health issue. Include the following:

  1. Scope and depth of the problem.
  2. Countries that are faring better or worse than others.
  3. How the United States ranks on this issue in relation to other countries.
  4. Efforts of the World Health Organization and other agencies on this issue.
  5. Existing disparities (include race, age, and gender, as appropriate) in relation to the issue: Describe the populations that have emerged as being disadvantaged and why.

Refer to “CLC Health Issue Analysis Overview.”

 

Resource 1: CLC Health Issue Analysis Overview 

Group work has benefits and liabilities. EVERYONE assigned to a CLC is expected to equally participate in the work in terms of time and quality of effort. Each participant has strengths and it is reasonable to apportion the work to make best use of this. Some are natural leaders. Our strengths can be our greatest liabilities: No one wants to be bossed around no matter how skilled the boss is. Honest communication is critical to effective group work. The best way to avoid conflict is to set very clear expectations up front. Then, if someone does not do what is expected him/her, he/she can be referred to the original agreement rather than have the confrontation become personal.

Course instructors are able to observe the group process in the CLC forum. If the work takes place outside the forum, this information will be absent. Be certain (even if communicating via e-mail, phone, or face-to-face) to record the communication in the CLC forum.

CLC Project Overview

The purpose of this assignment is to critically analyze a health care issue through the focus of major concepts from each Topic. There are six components to this assignment after the CLC agreement is signed and the topic is identified. It is not expected that every member of the CLC group will contribute to each assignment, but that assignments will be divided fairly and equally among the group. Each of the written components of the CLC project will be 500-1,000 words. These papers should be in APA format with a title and a reference page. An abstract is not required. An introduction is required ONLY for Part 1 and is not required in any parts thereafter. It is the intention that if one were to take the six parts of this assignment and put them together, a comprehensive and cohesive analysis would be produced. Part 1 is worth 3 points and each of the subsequent parts (2-6) are worth 4 points each.

Topic 2 (10 points)

Initiate a conversation regarding potential topics of interest. This should be a health issue with national and international relevance that will be the basis for your final project. It may be helpful to identify a number of topics of interest and have individual group members do a quick survey of the literature to be sure that there is current information available. Revise the CLC Agreement with the choice of the topic identified in the title and re-submit the CLC AgreementThere is no formal writing requirement for the topic selection. It is merely a brief paragraph declaring your identified topic. 

I have attached topic 1 which is on influenza

 

INFLUENZA (Flu)

Diane Boll

Grand Canyon University: NUR 508

Date

Introduction

Influenza commonly known as flu is a contagious respiratory infection that attacks the general respiratory system that is, the nose, throat, and even the lungs. It is caused by the two types of influenza viruses which are influenza A, influenza B and influenza C (Wang & Tao, 2010). Attacks from both viruses are epidemic and seasonal as they are common within specific periods within a year. Attack mechanisms for influenza A viruses depends on the genes on the surface protein of a patient. They are normally spread through sneezing and coughing from an infected individual to the surrounding air (Wang & Tao, 2010).

The flu can also attack an individual in case they get into direct body tissue contact with an infected individual for example handshaking. Health professionals argue that the flu virus is stubborn and spreads mainly over tiny droplets which are produced when the infected individuals’ cough, talk, and sneeze (Wang & Tao, 2010). Such droplets are easily carried by the surrounding air and can be landed in the nose and mouths of the immediate persons. Additionally, it can enter into one’s system if he or she gets into direct contact with a surface or object that has the influenza bacteria and consequently rubs or touches their nose, mouth or even eyes (Wang & Tao, 2010).

Health departments have overtime identified initiative to address the problem of influenza, such initiatives include:

Reducing human exposure to the flu viruses, this initiative works by notifying the public on the safe ways to prevent and control the spread of the virus and it actively works to reduce infection opportunities and curbs the spread of the pandemic virus (Abramson, 2011).

They have built able capacities to cope with the pandemic, measures have been taken and put in place to cope with the virus since helping the society to stay free from the virus (Abramson, 2011).

They have innovated much on early warning and acknowledgments, information about influenza and its impacts to the society are made clear since it is effective for the society to stay free from the influenza virus (Abramson, 2011).

Necessary global scientific researches are being carried out and developments to ensure that vaccines and antiviral drugs are available across the globe mostly during the seasons which the virus is spread. The scientific knowledge enables quick and effective identification of the virus at its initial stages (Abramson, 2011).

Several measures have been put in place to measure the progress of the issue. They include;

The World Health Organization has continuously carried out tests to identify cases of attack by the virus at its early stages that are in one to four days of an individual’s exposure to the influenza virus (Tam & Sellwood, 2013).

Materials enlightening the public about the virus and the most convenient ways to stay free from the attack are being developed and provisional with all measures that can help curb and salvage the situation (Tam & Sellwood, 2013).

The current status of the issue based on measures outcomes clarifies that the globe is well up and at a good place to overcome the spread of influenza viruses. This has been made possible by the continuous scientific researchers which develop antiviral drugs and vaccines which are work to stop the spread and impacts of the influenza virus upon the general society (Tam & Sellwood, 2013).

References

Abramson, J. (2011). Inside the 2009 Influenza Pandemic. World Scientific Publishing Company, 2011.

Tam, J., & Sellwood, C. (2013). Pandemic Influenza. CABI, 2013.

Wang, Q., & Tao, Y. (2010). Molecular Virology. Horizon Scientific Press.

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