Hi, I was wondering if anyone had access to an answer key for all the chapters in quot;Excel-Based Decisions in Managerial Accounting-Wedgewood

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Hi,
I was wondering if anyone had access to an answer key for all the chapters in “Excel-Based Decisions in Managerial Accounting–Wedgewood Candle Company” By Teresa Stephenson and Jason Porter for me to reference while doing homework, or maybe a few check figures at least.

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Tourette syndrome (TS) is a neurological disorder characterized by repetitive, stereotyped, involuntary movements and vocalizations called tics.

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PARENT GUIDE

OVERVIEW

Tourette syndrome (TS) is a neurological disorder characterized by repetitive, stereotyped, involuntary movements and vocalizations called tics. The disorder is named for Dr. Georges Gilles de la Tourette, the pioneering French neurologist who in 1885 first described the condition in an 86-year-old French noblewoman. The early symptoms of TS are typically noticed first in childhood, with the average onset between the ages of 3 and 9 years. TS occurs in people from all ethnic groups; males are affected about three to four times more often than females.

 

 

 

Tourette Syndrome

 

By

Petty Regina

Espinosa Idalmis

Lashmann Oluseye

Onuora Vivien

SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS

Signs and Symptoms of Tics

Simple motor tics: repetitive rapid contraction of the muscle such as

· Eye blinking, head/neck jerking or head shaking

· Mouth/facial-grimacing, shoulder-shrugging

Complex motor tics appear to be more purposeful and ritualistic than simple tics. It includes:

· Grooming behaviors, smelling of objects

· Jumping, touching behaviors

· Echopraxia (imitating of observed behavior)

· Copropraxia (display of obscene gestures)

Simple vocal tics includes

· Throat clearing Coughing

· Grunting Sniffing

· Snorting Barking

 

Complex vocal tics includes:

• Repeating words or phrases out of context

• Coprolalia (shouting or use of obscene words or phrases)

• Palilalia (repeating his or her own words)

• Echolalia (repetition of the last heard words of others).

 

 

 

 

 

· Coprolalia (shouting or use of obscene words or phrases)

· Palilalia (repeating his or her own words)

· Echolalia (repetition of the last heard words of others)

Severe tic disorder is also known as Tourette disorder includes multiple motor tics, coprolalia, and echolalia. The initial tics are in the face and neck, over time it progresses to arm and hands, the body and lower extremities, and the respiratory, and alimentary system. It includes:

 

 

Tinsley Jesselin

 

OVERVIEW OF TOURETTE SYNDROME INCLUDING SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS, AND MANAGEMENT.

 

 

 

 

 

PATHOPHYSIOLOGY

Tourette syndrome (TS) is a neuropsychiatric disorder with the onset in childhood. TS affects the nervous system, causing people to make movements and sounds (also known as motor and vocal tics) that they cannot control. Although the exact underlying pathophysiological for TS is unknown, evidence supports that TS is inherited as a dominant gene, with about 50% chance of parents passing the gene on to their children (Center for Disease Control, 2018). There are many comorbid psychiatric disorders and behavioral problems likely to emerge along with TS. Epidemiological surveys indicate that up to half of all patients with TS also have attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and up to 40 percent of those with TS also have an obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), leading to a surplus of overlapping symptoms (Sadock, Sadock, & Ruiz, 2014).

According to current research, most of the impairments that affect those with Tourette’s are associated with the abnormalities in the brain’s basal ganglia region, particularly of the dopaminergic transmission in the cortico-striatothalamic (Sadock, Sadock, & Ruiz, 2014). While neurotransmitters are likely involved, the upregulation of the dopamine receptors have led some researchers to propose another hypothesis about increased sensitivity to dopamine within the striatum, prefrontal cortex, and the motor region, leading to the phenotype of tics and other behaviors associated with TS (Roberson, 2018). Therefore, it is not unusual to misinterpret the disorder’s symptoms as behavioral problems rather than the neurobiological symptoms. Research is advancing to shed further light on a possible relationship between streptococcal infections, other biological and psychosocial stressors, and the complex pathobiology of chronic tic disorders.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

DIAGNOSIS

The diagnosis is usually conducted by observing the signs, symptoms or reviewing family history. The most appropriate time for diagnosis is when the patient displays both repeated vocal and motor tics. The motor tics presented need to be several, but the vocal tics may be either one or more. An individual whose diagnosis is to be conducted is supposed to have experienced the condition for at least one year.

 

The criteria used to diagnose Tourette syndrome include: Both motor tics and vocal tics are present, although not necessarily at the same time Tics occur several times a day, nearly every day or intermittently, for more than a year Tics begin before age 18.Most diagnosis of Tourette syndrome are however overlooked they mimic other conditions. Eye blinking which is one of the signs might be initially associated with vision problems and sniffling attributed to allergies. Both motor and vocal tics can be caused by conditions other than Tourette syndrome.

 

According to Rivera-Navarro, Cubo & Almazán, (2009), a diagnosis of TS is always difficult to make due to the complexity of symptoms, these symptoms the writers posit are easily confused with symptoms that also pertain to other diseases that are mainly psychological, such as hyperactivity, depression, anxiety, or behavioral disorders. Sometimes people confuse symptoms belonging to TS (e.g. coprolalia or echolalia) with normal teenage behavior, or considered the symptoms to be a result of poor education and lack of respect. However to rule out other causes of tics, a physician might recommend Blood tests and Imaging studies such as an MRI (Mayo Clinic Staff, 2018).

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

“Just because you don’t understand it, doesn’t mean it isn’t so.”

– unknown –

 

 

TREATMENT OPTIONS

There are various treatment options to manage the symptoms associated with Tourette syndrome (TS), particularly tics. Many individuals with Tourette syndrome do not require treatment, however, if tics interfere with daily living, there are treatments available (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2020). Treatments options available for management of Tourette syndrome include medication therapy, behavioral therapy, and deep brain stimulation (Tourette Association of America, 2019).

Comprehensive behavioral interventions for tics (CBIT) involves psycho-education, habit reversal training, and behavioral interventions in attempt to modify behaviors and reduce tics (Tourette Association of America, 2019).

Medication may include Haldol, Orap, or Abilify which can be effective in managing tics and are approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for tics (Tourette Association of America, 2019). Your physician may decide to use other medications such as clonidine or guanfacine which are not approved by the FDA for tics, however, they may be effective (Tourette Association of America, 2019). Other medications may be prescribed for co-occurring conditions such as attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD), or anxiety.

Deep brain stimulation (DBS) involves implantation of devices in order to target specific areas of the brain which are involved in abnormal communication in individuals with TS (Tourette Association of America, 2019).

Other treatments that may reduce tics include medical marijuana and dental devices (Tourette Association of America, 2019). Furthermore, speech therapy may be an option for individuals with co-occurring conditions. Many options are available for individuals with TS, however, individuals should consult with their physician to determine the most appropriate treatment options.

 

REFERENCES

Center for Disease control and prevention (2020). Information about Tourette Syndrome for families. U.S department of Health and Human services. Retrieved from https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/tourette/families.html

 

 

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2020). Tourette syndrome treatments. Retrieved from https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/tourette/treatments.html

 

 

Center for Disease Control. (2018). Tourette Syndrome (TS). Retrieved from https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/tourette/index.html

 

Center for Parent Information and Resources (2015). Tourette Syndrome. Retrieved from

Tourette Syndrome

 

 

CDC. (2020, February 3). Retrieved from Tourette Syndrome (TS):           https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/tourette/index.htm

 

Rivera-Navarro, J., Cubo, E., & Almazán, J. (2009). The Diagnosis of Tourette’s

 

 

Roberson MD, W. C. (2018). Tourette Syndrome and Other Tic Disorders Clinical Presentation: History, Physical Examination. Retrieved from https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1182258-clinical

 

Mayo Clinic Staff. (2018, January 8). Mayo Clinic. Retrieved from Tourette Syndrome: https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/tourette-syndrome/symptoms-   causes/syc-20350465

 

Sadock, B. J., Sadock, V. A., & Ruiz, P. (2014). Kaplan & Sadock’s synopsis of psychiatry: Behavioral sciences/clinical psychiatry (11th ed.). Philadelphia, PA: Wolters Kluwer.

 

Syndrome:           Communication and Impact. Clinical Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 14(1), 13–23.           https://doi.org/10.1177/1359104508100127

 

Tourette Association of America. (2019). Medical treatments. Retrieved from https://tourette.org/research-medical/medical-overview-treatments/

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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The post Tourette syndrome (TS) is a neurological disorder characterized by repetitive, stereotyped, involuntary movements and vocalizations called tics. appeared first on Infinite Essays.

While the implementation plan prepares students to apply their research to the problem or issue they have identified for their capstone project change proposal, the literature review enables students to map out and move into the active planning and development stages of the project.

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cWhile the implementation plan prepares students to apply their research to the problem or issue they have identified for their capstone project change proposal, the literature review enables students to map out and move into the active planning and development stages of the project.

A literature review analyzes how current research supports the PICOT, as well as identifies what is known and what is not known in the evidence. Students will use the information from the earlier PICOT Question Paper and Literature Evaluation Table assignments to develop a 750-1,000 word review that includes the following sections:

  1. Title page
  2. Introduction section
  3. A comparison of research questions
  4. A comparison of sample populations
  5. A comparison of the limitations of the study
  6. A conclusion section, incorporating recommendations for further research

Prepare this assignment according to the guidelines found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center. An abstract is not required.

This assignment uses a rubric. Please review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the expectations for successful completion.

The post While the implementation plan prepares students to apply their research to the problem or issue they have identified for their capstone project change proposal, the literature review enables students to map out and move into the active planning and development stages of the project. appeared first on Infinite Essays.

My PICOT question is in a population of nursing home residents does a fall prevention protocol of hourly rounds compared with call lights at the bedside and bed in lowest position decrease the incidences of falls?

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Running head: PICOT QUESTION PAPER 1

PICOT QUESTION PAPER

 

 

 

 

 

 

PICOT Question Paper

 

Liliane Kouame

Grand Canyon University

09/24/20

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Hospital falls

My PICOT question is in a population of nursing home residents does a fall prevention protocol of hourly rounds compared with call lights at the bedside and bed in lowest position decrease the incidences of falls?

PICOT is an acronym for population, intervention, comparison, outcome, and time. “P” refers to population. Nursing home residents, who are at a greater risk for falls, are my population of interest. “I” refers to intervention. My primary intervention for fall prevention is rounding. My comparison to rounds would be patients utilizing call lights along with the bed being in the lowest position. The favorable outcome would be a diminution in the incidence of falls.

The time interval is 1 hour. The generation of my PICOT question can help yield appropriate information for research on fall prevention in a nursing home.

Problem description

The direction this PICOT statement paper will take is about shedding light on falls and falls prevention in hospitals and nursing homes population. Research has shown that elderly falls are currently an alarming issue across many United States hospitals concerning health and mobility (Bragg et al., 2016). Linehan & Linehan (2018), defines elderly fall as unexpected descent to the ground with or without injury to the patient. Studies have illustrated, people above 65 years are at a higher risk of falling, leading to both fatal and nonfatal injuries. Falls occurs in the elderly population either due to the decreasing function or due to deteriorating health. Some falls may not bring about injuries, yet practically all leave a characteristic of the lingering fear of being left immobility debilitated from a fall. There are higher chances of morbidity and mortality in nursing homes because falls result in more severe injuries (Araújo et al., 2017). Essentially, Bragg et al. (2016) say nursing homes have a higher rate of the elderly population having hip fractures as compared in the community. Therefore, these types of falls are considered a significant public health problem (Radecki, Reynolds & Kara, 2018).

The adverse effects of falls in the hospital affect not only the quality of care provided but also the facility work setting and patient outcomes. Considering how patient care outcomes are affected by falls, falls have been lagging the recovery process from inpatients in healthcare. As such, the injured patients from falls end up getting more health complications, including their psychological and social wellbeing (Araújo et al., 2017).

Accordingly, the patient’s recuperation period in the hospital is delayed and, consequently, extending their stay in a nursing facility. Hospital falls ate a deducting element to the quality of care, which forces providers to shift some quality of care gears delivered to patients in clinics. Hospital falls are a pointer for defining a lack of patient safety in a facility. Linehan & Linehan (2018) say the hospital’s reputation is influenced by the number of falls recorded. During the stay, compromised patient safety is the primary determiner why most nursing homes try to implement preventive strategies. Patients staying in an environment that potentially predispose them to live with the fear of falling is pronounced unsafe.

In summary, the safety of patients in their stay is guaranteed when a hospital implements falls preventive evidence-based practice. The adherence to these preventive programs is ensured when the organization as a whole promise to work collaboratively. Therefore, management should provide resources and support to nurses to ensure they are consistent with shift assessments, putting handoff and the bedside, and offering interventions that are not missed because of the overwhelming workload.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

References

Araújo, J. N. D. M., Fernandes, A. P. N. D. L., Moura, L. A., Santos, M. M. P. D., Ferreira Júnior, M. A., & Vitor, A. F. (2017). Validation of nursing outcome content Fall prevention behaviour in a hospital environment.

Bragg, L., Bugajski, A., Marchese, M., Caldwell, R., Houle, L., Thompson, R., … & Lengerich, A. (2016). How do patients perceive hourly rounding? The Journal of Excellence in Nursing Leadership, 47(11), 11-13.

Linehan, J., & Linehan, J. (2018). Fall Prevention in Long Term Care Using Purposeful Hourly Rounding. Journal of the American Medical Directors Association, 19(3), B17.

Radecki, B., Reynolds, S., & Kara, A. (2018). Inpatient fall prevention from the patient’s perspective: a qualitative study. Applied Nursing Research, 43, 114-119.

The post My PICOT question is in a population of nursing home residents does a fall prevention protocol of hourly rounds compared with call lights at the bedside and bed in lowest position decrease the incidences of falls? appeared first on Infinite Essays.