Statistical learning

Suppose we have a 1-dimensional data set with 7 data points, {0,1,3,25,31,44,56}. Answer the following question. You can use a calculator. There is a web-based one made by Google. Just Google “calculator”.

Consider using a bottom-up agglomerative hierarchical clustering method on this data set. What will be the top two clusters (K=2) if we use the single linkage function? How about the top three clusters (K=3)? Hint: you may merge the clusters manually from bottom up. The last 2 or last 3 clusters that remain will be the answer. Hint #2: you may define a 7×7 distance matrix on your answer sheet as a starting point. Then you would need a 6×6 distance matrix as you merge clusters. Then a 5×5 matrix, a 4×4 matrix, …
Consider using a K-means clustering algorithm on this data set with K=2. What will be the resulting 2 clusters after one iteration if the initial values for the cluster centroids are 0 and 50? What will be the updated cluster centroids after one iteration? What will be resulting clusters and the cluster centroids after two iterations?

Sample Solution

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Jazz music

Read the two articles “Bebop is Nowhere” and “To Be or Not to Bop: Jack Kerouac’s “On the Road” and the Culture of Bebop and Rhythm’n’ Blues”, both found in the articles module.

Both articles address a reaction to Bebop as a counter culture phenomenon, one positive and one negative.

Write a 1.5 page response to these articles answering the following questions.

  1. What where the significant arguments against the validity of Bebop? How does this reflect the generation gap in jazz at the time, in America at the time?
  2. Bebop seemed to be inspiration for Kerouac’s writings and for a new Counterculture generation. What was this based in, romanticizing rebellion? the mythology of the jazz musician? genuine fan interest? Highlight any artistic similarities or connections in approach or process between bop and beat writing.
  3. Bebop and the relationship to Beat writing serve as a model for several generations of counterculture movements throughout the rest of the 20th century. What other revolutions of music had connections to other art (visual, film, fashion, writing etc) movements? What, if any, similarities do you find between Bebop as a counterculture catalyst and other later styles of music in their relationships to other arts, to society, to the music industry etc?

Sample Solution

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Eye Infections

The human eye can be vulnerable to fungal infections simply by being exposed to the environment. The human eye can also be vulnerable to infect internally. Using the South University Online Library or the Internet, research on eye infections.

Based on your research, respond to the following:

How does such a sensitive organ protect itself against such common infections?
What are the main causes for fungal eye infections?
Why is an immuno compromised host more likely to get a fungal eye infection (excluding traumatic infections)?

Sample Solution

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