What is the most common cause of osteoarthritis?

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MEDICAL MYSTERY FOR CHAPTER 3: MARY

Mary is a married woman with three grown children. She has just quit her job as a receptionist because of poor health. For the last few years, she has found it very difficult to walk up the stairs at work. She also noticed that her right knee was quite painful and swollen at times. The daily trip to work on the subway, negotiating the bustling crowds, was too much for her knee. At home, she noticed that her knee felt okay when she did not walk much. However, at night she continued to feel some pain in her right knee and often required pain medications in order to sleep. She tried several home remedies, including applying garlic paste, warm compresses, and even Chinese herbs on the knee. As time went on, she became more disabled. Every time she walked, she felt that her knee might give out. She tried to use a cane, but the pain was still unbearable at times. She wanted desperately to lose some weight, yet she couldn’t really exercise. Her sister told her that she should try some calcium and vitamin supplements to strengthen her bones.

THE EVALUATION

Mary’s husband finally convinced her to come to my office. She was always afraid of doctors and had been very reluctant to come. She was also fearful that she might have rheumatoid arthritis, which had crippled her best friend Sadie. But she decided that the pain was just too much and couldn’t put off a visit to the doctor any longer. I examined Mary and found that her right knee was swollen and painful to the touch. It also seemed very unstable. I ordered some x-rays and prescribed pain pills. I gave Mary a referral to an orthopedic surgeon and suggested that she use a walker in the meantime to prevent a fall.

THE DIAGNOSIS

After reviewing the x-rays of her knee, the orthopedic surgeon told Mary that she has developed osteoarthritis of the knee. He explained to her that this was basically a degenerative process and the fluid in between the joints had completely disappeared. The friction between the two joints was causing the pain and destroying her joint. She was very relieved when he told her that her other knee was fine.

THE TREATMENT

The surgeon confirmed that Mary had developed severe degenerative arthritis of her right knee and recommended total knee arthroplasty as the best option for her. One month later, she had the surgery, and she remained in the hospital for 3 days before being discharged to a rehabilitation center for 3 weeks of physical therapy. She also worked with a dietitian while in rehab. Mary’s postoperative course was unremarkable, and she was told that she should continue to watch her diet. It was also highly recommended that she maintain a regular regimen of physical activity.

CASE CLOSED

Mary came back into my office 6 months after her surgery and was walking unaided. She said that the recovery from the knee replacement had been a slow and sometimes painful process, but that she was now able to get around well enough to resume working part time. She looked much happier and healthier than when we first saw her, and she thanked our staff for making her feel at ease during her first appointment.

Discussion Questions

What is the most common cause of osteoarthritis?
What is rheumatoid arthritis?
What type of surgery is arthroplasty?
Arthrodesis is a procedure sometimes used to treat severe arthritis or a damaged joint. What is this?

Develop a health promotion plan, 2-3 pages in length, addressing a specific health concern within your community. Then, enlist the participation of a selected individual or group in an educational session about that health concern and associated health improvement strategies.

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Develop a health promotion plan, 2-3 pages in length, addressing a specific health concern within your community. Then, enlist the participation of a selected individual or group in an educational session about that health concern and associated health improvement strategies.

For this assessment, you will plan for and enlist the participation of an individual or group in a clinical learning activity based on a health promotion plan addressing a particular health concern affecting members of your community.

Professional Context
The first step in any effective project or clinical patient encounter is planning. This assessment provides an opportunity for you to plan a clinical learning experience focused on health promotion associated with a specific community health concern. Such a plan defines the critical elements of who, what, when, where, and why that establish the foundation for an effective clinical learning experience for the participants. Completing this assessment will strengthen your understanding of how to plan and negotiate individual or group participation.

Demonstration of Proficiency
By successfully completing this assessment, you will demonstrate your proficiency in the following course competencies and assessment criteria:

Competency 1: Analyze health risks and health care needs among distinct populations.
Analyze a community health concern that is the focus of a health promotion plan.
Competency 2: Propose health promotion strategies to improve the health of populations.
Explain why a health concern is important for health promotion within a specific population.
Establish agreed-upon health goals in collaboration with participants.
Competency 5: Apply professional, scholarly communication strategies to lead health promotion and improve population health.
Write clearly and concisely in a logically coherent and appropriate form and style.
Note: Assessment 1 must be completed first before you are able to submit Assessment 4.

Preparation
The first step in any effective project or clinical patient encounter is planning. This assessment provides an opportunity for you to plan a clinical learning experience focused on health promotion associated with a specific community health concern. Such a plan defines the critical elements of who, what, when, where, and why that establish the foundation for an effective clinical learning experience for the participants. Completing this assessment will strengthen your understanding of how to plan and negotiate individual or group participation. This assessment MUST be satisfactorily completed to complete Assessment 4 (live face-to-face presentation of the plan). These assessments (Assessment 1 and 4) meet the three-hour clinical learning experience required in this course.

To prepare for the assessment, consider various health concerns that you would like to be the focus of your plan, the populations potentially affected by that concern, and individuals or groups in your community who may be willing to take part in a presentation about that concern and suggested strategies for health improvement.

As you begin to prepare this assessment, you are encouraged to complete the Vila Health: Effective Interpersonal Communications activity. The information gained from completing this activity will help you succeed with the assessment. Completing activities is also a way to demonstrate engagement.

Consider inviting a community member or group to participate. Possible health concerns include, but are not limited to:

Bullying.
Medication reconciliation to prevent readmission.
Individual or family disaster preparedness.
Medication safety.
Home safety.
Depression management.
Fall prevention.
Pain management.
Immunizations.
Heart disease prevention (high blood pressure, stroke, heart failure).
Tobacco use (vaping, e-cigarettes, hookah, chewing tobacco, or smoking) cessation.
In addition, you are encouraged to:

Complete the Vila Health: Effective Interpersonal Communications simulation.
Review the health promotion plan assessment and scoring guide to ensure that you understand the work you will be asked to complete.
Review the MacLeod article, “Making SMART Goals Smarter.”
Instructions
Complete this assessment in two parts.

Part 1: Health Promotion Plan
Choose a specific health concern as the focus of your health promotion plan. Then, investigate your chosen concern and best practices for health improvement, based on supporting evidence.
Identify populations potentially affected by this health concern. Determine what their related concerns may be and explain why addressing this health concern is important for health promotion.
Part 2: Individual or Group Activity Participant Recruitment
Identify an individual or group among the affected population who may be willing to participate in an educational session about your chosen health concern and associated health improvement strategies. Then, research and document their potential learning needs and health promotion goals. Participants may include individuals, groups, or other community members.
Contact the selected individual or group and secure their agreement to participate in the educational session.
Meet with the individual or group to describe the session and collaborate in setting expectations for session outcomes, establishing agreed-upon goals, and suggesting possible revisions to the plan.
Confirm, with the individual or group, a date and time for the educational session and document the name and contact information (e-mail or phone) of the individual or group representative.
Document Format and Length
Your health promotion plan should be 2–3 pages in length. In a separate section of the plan, identify any participants and be sure to include their contact information.

Supporting Evidence
Support your health promotion plan with peer-reviewed articles, course study resources, and Healthy People 2020 resources. Cite at least three credible sources.

Graded Requirements
The requirements outlined below correspond to the grading criteria in the scoring guide, so be sure to address each point. Read the performance-level descriptions for each criterion to see how your work will be assessed.

Analyze the health concern that is the focus of your health promotion plan.
Consider underlying assumptions and points of uncertainty in your analysis.
Explain why a health concern is important for health promotion within a specific population.
Examine current population health data.
Consider the factors that contribute to health, health disparities, and access to services.
Establish agreed-upon health goals in collaboration with participants.
Write clearly and concisely in a logically coherent and appropriate form and style.
Write with a specific purpose and audience in mind.
Adhere to scholarly and disciplinary writing standards and APA formatting requirements.
Before submitting your assessment for grading, proofread it to minimize errors that could distract readers and make it difficult for them to focus on the substance of your plan.

The Benefits Of Making An Animation Video For Your Company Or Brand

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The animated video is a resource increasingly used in all sectors. It may seem suspicion, but it is normal. However, as soon as I tell you why you should make an animated video, you will be planning to count on a . The animation video is attractive to our eyes. The animation is quite simple. In addition, it includes color and a lot of movement. These three characteristics make them resources that are attractive to the human eye. It’s that simple, our eye is interested in that kind of content. It is comfortable to see animations and it explains everything in a more convenient way. What do you think? 

Research a selected local, national, or global nonprofit organization or government agency to determine how it contributes to public health and safety improvements, promotes equal opportunity, and improves the quality of life within the community. Submit your findings in a 3-5 page report.

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Research a selected local, national, or global nonprofit organization or government agency to determine how it contributes to public health and safety improvements, promotes equal opportunity, and improves the quality of life within the community. Submit your findings in a 3-5 page report.

As you begin to prepare this assessment, it would be an excellent choice to complete the Nonprofit Organizations and Community Health activity. Complete this activity to gain insight into promoting equal opportunity and improving the quality of life in a community. The information gained from completing this activity will help you succeed with the assessment.

Professional Context
Many organizations work to better local and global communities’ quality of life and promote health and safety in times of crisis. As public health and safety advocates, nurses must be cognizant of how such organizations help certain populations. As change agents, nurses must be aware of factors that impact the organization and the services that it offers. Familiarity with these organizations enables the nurse to offer assistance as a volunteer and source of referral.

This assessment provides an opportunity for you gain insight into the mission, vision, and operations of a community services organization of interest.

Demonstration of Proficiency
By successfully completing this assessment, you will demonstrate your proficiency in the following course competencies and assessment criteria:

Competency 1: Analyze health risks and health care needs among distinct populations.
Explain how an organization’s work impacts the health and/or safety needs of a local community.
Competency 2: Propose health promotion strategies to improve the health of populations.
Explain how an organization’s mission and vision enable it to contribute to public health and safety improvements.
Competency 3: Evaluate health policies, based on their ability to achieve desired outcomes.
Assess the impact of funding sources, policy, and legislation on an organization’s provision of services.
Competency 4: Integrate principles of social justice in community health interventions.
Evaluate an organization’s ability to promote equal opportunity and improve the quality of life within a community.
Competency 5: Apply professional, scholarly communication strategies to lead health promotion and improve population health.
Write clearly and concisely in a logically coherent and appropriate form and style.
Note: Complete the assessments in this course in the order in which they are presented.

Preparation
Assume you are interested in expanding your role as a nurse and are considering working in an area where you can help to promote equal opportunity and improve the quality of life within the local or global community. You are aware of the work of several nonprofit organizations and government agencies whose work contributes to this effort in some way. You have particular interest in one of these organizations but would like to know more about how it contributes to public health and safety improvements. In addition, you would like to report the results of your research in a scholarly paper that you could submit for publication.

As you begin to prepare this assessment, it would be an excellent choice to complete the Nonprofit Organizations and Community Health activity. Complete this activity to gain insight into promoting equal opportunity and improving the quality of life in a community. The information gained from completing this activity will help you succeed with the assessment.

Then, choose the organization or agency you are most interested in researching:

American Heart Association.
World Heart Federation.
Peace Corps.
American Red Cross.
Habitat for Humanity.
United Way.
Doctors Without Borders.
The Salvation Army.
United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF).
Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA).
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).
Department of Homeland Security (DHS).
Instructions

Research your chosen organization and submit a report of your findings.

Document Format and Length
Format your paper using APA style.

Use the APA Style Paper Template. An APA Style Paper Tutorial is also provided to help you in writing and formatting your paper. Be sure to include:
A title page and references page. An abstract is not required.
A running head on all pages.
Appropriate section headings.
Your paper should comprise 3–5 pages of content plus title and references pages.
Supporting Evidence
Cite at least three credible sources from peer-reviewed journals or professional industry publications that support your research findings.

Graded Requirements
The research requirements, outlined below, correspond to the grading criteria in the assessment scoring guide, so be sure to address each point.

Explain how the organization’s mission and vision enable it to contribute to public health and safety improvements.
Include examples of ways a local and/or global initiative supports organizational mission and vision and promotes public health and safety.
Evaluate an organization’s ability to promote equal opportunity and improve the quality of life in the community.
Consider the effects of social, cultural, economic, and physical barriers.
Assess the impact of funding sources, policy, and legislation on the organization’s provision of services.
Consider the potential implications of funding decisions, policy, and legislation for individuals, families, and aggregates within the community.
Explain how an organization’s work impacts the health and/or safety needs of a local community.
Consider how nurses might become involved with the organization.
Write clearly and concisely in a logically coherent and appropriate form and style.
Write with a specific purpose and audience in mind.
Adhere to scholarly and disciplinary writing standards and APA formatting requirements