Week 6 Discussion Response to ClassmatesAnswers 2Bids 32Other questions 10

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Please no plagiarism and make sure you are able to access all resource on your own before you bid. Main references come from Van Wormer, K., & Davis, D. R. (2018) and/or American Psychiatric Association. (2013). You need to have scholarly support for any claim of fact or recommendation regarding treatment. I have also attached my discussion rubric so you can see how to make full points. Please respond to all 3 of my classmates separately with separate references for each response. You need to have scholarly support for any claim of fact or recommendation like peer-reviewed, professional scholarly journals. If you draw from the internet, I encourage you to use websites from the major mental health professional associations (American Counseling Association, American Psychological Association, etc.) or federal agencies (Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMSHA), National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH), National Institutes of Health (NIH), etc.). I need this completed by 04/06/19 at 8am.Expectation:Responses to peers. Note that this is measured by both the quantity and quality of your posts. Does your post contribute to continuing the discussion? Are your ideas supported with citations from the learning resources and other scholarly sources? Note that citations are expected for both your main post and your response posts. Note also, that, although it is often helpful and important to provide one or two sentence responses thanking somebody or supporting them or commiserating with them, those types of responses do not always further the discussion as much as they check in with the author. Such responses are appropriate and encouraged; however, they should be considered supplemental to more substantive responses, not sufficient by themselves.Read a your colleagues’ postings. Respond to your colleagues’ postings.Respond in one or more of the following ways:· Ask a probing question.· Share an insight gained from having read your colleague’s posting.· Offer and support an opinion.· Validate an idea with your own experience.· Make a suggestion.· Expand on your colleague’s posting.1. Classmate (J. Car)Overview of Motivational InterviewingIn order to best serve my client Maurice, I have selected Motivational Interviewing (MI) as a primary treatment approach. According to Forman & Moyers (2019), after over 200 clinical trials, MI has proven effective as both a stand-alone treatment as well as post treatment method of enriching the positive elements of other therapeutic approaches. Maurice has been struggling with an addiction to heroin for 8 years, in and out of inpatient treatment three times and now worried that his family will completely abandon him after this latest incident. However, according to the Transtheoretical Model or Stages of Change, Maurice is currently moving beyond the Contemplation stage and thus MI may be a helpful strengths-based model to lead him toward the life he desires. The core tenants of MI focus on helping a client renew self-control by examining suffering and negative consequences of addiction, striving to help clients cling to an intrinsic motivation for and vow to change (Van Wormer & Davis, 2018). Additionally, Maurice may be struggling with ambivalence with regard to making big changes in his life, and MI will allow him to examine the many levels of motivation: desire, ability, reasons for change, need, and commitment to change. Examining costs and benefits of stopping the use of heroin may assist Maurice in overcoming ambivalence. Once he has established language focused on the decision to make changes, even experimenting with several small changes between sessions, he may be ready to take further steps toward treatment of his own volition.Strengths and WeaknessesMI may not be a strong contender for a treatment approach with a client who is resistant to or in denial of a need for change, especially if his or her addiction is contributing to significant physical health or lifestyle risks for him or herself, friends, family, and the community at large. The desire for change is a huge element in the implementation of MI, and a client who does not move past ambivalence may continue to inflict serious harm on him or herself. (Van Wormer & Davis, 2018). A strength of MI is the therapist-client relationship, focusing on creating an atmosphere of acceptance and understanding which will influence the client enough that he or she will me more likely to thoughtfully consider their problems (Forman & Moyers, 2019). In the case of Maurice, he is already feeling very isolated and fearful that not only his roommates will abandon him, but also his parents and brothers. With its focus on expressing empathy, non-confrontational approach, reflective responses, and support of self-efficacy, Maurice may begin to take ownership of his problems as opposed to the past perception that his addiction was completely out of his control.Meeting Treatment GoalsTwo goals for treatment with Maurice would be to help him attain measurable instances of self-control with regard to heroin use, as discerned by him, and to examine his levels of self-efficacy and continual comparison to his siblings, helping him to examine previously unrecognized strengths which may contribute to the life he desires and potentially the end of his addiction to heroin. MI would contribute toward meeting these goals by examining the negative addictive patterns in Maurice’s life and how social influences, biology, or emotion may have contributed to the beginning of his heroin use (Van Wormer & Davis, 2018). Examining the reason he has to change, potentially wanting to be closer with his family, may be an enormous source of hope and a catalyst in the commitment to change, which can only be achieved through the client’s own decision. Empathetically building a therapeutic alliance with Maurice will contribute to the process of uncovering what might be hindering him from making the changes to his life that he desires, and having a positive relationship with a counselor and the opportunity to hear reflected back what strengths he or she sees in him may be incredibly empowering, possibly even the first time he has heard any of them named aloud.Benefits of Group TreatmentThough limited research has been achieved regarding group motivational interviewing (GMI), it has been associated with higher levels of Change Talk (CT) in treatment of substance disorders (Shorey, Martino, Lamb, LaRowe, & Santa Ana, 2015). Group treatment is common and highly impactful in 12-step programs such as Alcoholics Anonymous, as it provides accountability and solidarity in choosing to address addiction. GMI promotes group cohesion, a focus on hope, and renewing the client’s sense of self-respect, all of which are highly attractive factors for individuals considering therapy, resulting in a high retention rate and lowered use of substances (Shorey et al., 2015). Change Talk is a goal of both individual and group Motivational Interviewing and though GMI necessitates more empirical evidence of effectiveness, both treatment methods continue to be implemented by counselors due to the client-centered, hope-instilling qualities.  References Forman, D. P., & Moyers, T. B. (2019). With odds of a single session, motivational interviewing is a good bet. Psychotherapy, 56(1), 62–66. https://doi-org.ezp.waldenulibrary.org/10.1037/pst0000199Shorey, R. C., Martino, S., Lamb, K. E., LaRowe, S. D., & Santa Ana, E. J. (2015). Change Talk and Relatedness in Group Motivational Interviewing: A Pilot Study. Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment, 51, 75–81. https://doi-org.ezp.waldenulibrary.org/10.1016/j.jsat.2014.11.003Van Wormer, K., & Davis, D. R. (2018). Addiction treatment: A strengths perspective (4th ed.). Boston, MA: Cengage.2. Classmate (C. Ree)The treatment approach I elected with the case study of Shanelle is Motivational Interviewing (MI).  MI is a client-centered, directive therapeutic style to enhance readiness for change by helping clients explore and resolve ambivalence (Hettema & Miller, 2005). It is client centered because all the benefits and consequences of making a change are elicited from the client (Van Womer & Davis, 2018).  I selected this treatment modality since Shanelle is displaying a diminished capacity for self-control over a period of time and this method strengthens a person’s own motivation and commitment to change. Shanelle has two DUI’s, she has lost a job because of the results of drinking, and her family is worried about her drinking; as well as Shanelle.  Yet she remains convinced that her drinking is not so bad and has not caused problems in her life.  MI seems to be a comprehensive approach to help Shanelle since it focuses on stages of change. For instance, MI understands that one can be in a state of change like having a desire, ability, reasons, need, and commitment to change.  With these changes or stages in mind MI seems suitable for Shanelle’s scuffle with making a change.One Strength and One Weakness of Motivational InterviewingA strength that I found with Motivational Interviewing is MI combines a compassionate and empathic counseling style with a consciously directive method for resolving uncertainty in the direction of change.  For instance, MI practitioners use techniques to enhance a person’s desire to change like avoiding arguing or expressing empathy (Van Womer & Davis, 2018).  A weakness of MI is across a growing array of problem areas includes MI generally showing small to medium effects in improving health outcomes and Hettema and Miller (2005) discuss in their article how increased client change talk would predict behavior change and how frequency of change talk statements was unrelated to subsequent behavioral outcomes which obviously posed a serious problem for the theory of MI.Two Treatment GoalsFor Shanelle one treatment goal would be to build a framework for intrinsic motivation to change. When this goal is reached Shanelle will be able to decrease her resistance to change and increase her change talk.  Another treatment goal for Shanelle would be to evoke her own motivations for, and commitment to change.  MI would serve groups as well as individual.  In a group setting Shanelle would benefit since she will be exposed to others and their ideas about change. In an individual setting Shanelle will be able to dialogue about reasons she is interested in changing.  Also group treatment could help this client deal with feelings when they resurface. After MI for instance, Shanelle will be faced with the commit she made to discontinue the behavior. Group will give her the space she needs to be heard and to hear those who are grappling with an addition like she is. This participation could help her with relapse and continuing on the path to stay committed to overcoming her addiction.ReferencesHettema, J., Steele, J., & Miller, W. R. (2005). Motivational interviewing. Annu. Rev. Clin. Psychol., 1, 91-111.Van Wormer, K., & Davis, D. R. (2018). Addiction treatment: A strengths perspective (4th ed.). Boston, MA: Cengage.3. Classmate (A. Mc)John, a 38-year-old Euro-American, has been ordered to seek counseling by his workplace after stopping at a casino during a cross-country run; he is a long-distance truck driver. Though he has a place he calls “home”, he spends most of his time on the road. Due to his work, he does not have very many friends, he has no romantic relationships, and he has alienated family members and close friends who he owes a substantial amount of money. John admits that he enjoys gambling and engages in this activity whenever he can, but he does not believe this to be problematic. He does disclose that gambling has been a causal factor in breakups and in preventing him from reaching financial goals.Treatment Approach: Motivational Interviewing (MI)With the information that John has provided, it is evident that, at the very least, he is on the path to a gambling disorder diagnosis. In accordance with the DSM-5, John has jeopardized or lost a significant relationship due to gambling (A.8.) and has relied on others to provide him money (A.9.) (American Psychiatric Association, 2013). These criteria account for two of the four necessary to be clinically diagnosed with the disorder. Contrary to John’s disclosures, he does not believe that his behavior is problematic and is unable to identify any motivation to do so. Therefore, motivational interviewing may be a beneficial treatment approach for this case study.           Motivational interviewing is a client-centered approach intended to be used with ambivalent clients, like John. The approach utilizes open-ended questions which seek out the client’s desire, ability, reasons, need, and commitment to change. Techniques used to enhance a client’s motivation through this approach are (1) express empathy, (2) develop discrepancy, (3) avoid argumentation, (3) roll with resistance, and (4) support self-efficacy (Van Wormer & Davis, 2018).Strength of MIOne strength of this approach is that it is non-confrontational and client-centered. All the “change talk” comes directly from the client, not the counselor. This is especially important when dealing with ambivalence, because there would likely be a lot of resistance if the counselor were to “[try to] get the client to admit they have a problem” (p. 328), as stated in Van Wormer and Davis (2018). This approach facilitates the client’s discovery of their own motivations for discontinuing a behavior.Weakness of MIOne weakness of this approach is that it is not as effective when there are co-occurring disorders present (American Addiction Centers, 2016). With further inquiry, John may meet the criteria for gambling disorder, however, it is also important to ask questions and use assessments to determine his level of depression, if any. John has isolated himself from other people and does not truly have a home, both of which could lead to feelings of hopelessness. Ultimately, it is difficult to find motivation in a client who has not been treated for an underlying disorder, such as depression.Treatment GoalsOne treatment goal for John might be to decrease the amount of time he spends gambling. This goal would become more specific depending on new information and disclosures. Motivational interviewing will eventually require questions which will elicit a client’s commitment to change. During this time, John and his counselor can create a reasonable and achievable goal for him to strive for, such as the amount of time per day (per week, per month) spent gambling. A second treatment goal for John might be to reconnect with those whom he owes money to. This goal can be addressed after John is able to identify why he needs to change, another step included in motivational interviewing. One reason he might need to change is to rebuild his relationships and pay his debts. Overall, the motivational interviewing process will guide John and the counselor in creating the goals and provide John with the intrinsic motivation to reach these goals.Group versus Individual TreatmentIt is important to consider whether the client’s counseling process should include individual treatment, group treatment, or both. There is not a lot of information available which discusses the motivational interviewing approach in a group setting, however, there is evidence which suggests that it can be done (Van Wormer & Davis, 2018). The counselor working with John might not suggest group treatment in the beginning, because he has been isolated from others for so long. He will probably be more open and feel safer in an individual treatment environment at first. After John has made some progress, adding group treatment might be beneficial for the same reasons—he has been isolated from his support system for awhile (Van Wormer & Davis, 2018). Group therapy will help John by supporting relapse prevention and continuum of care. In other words, working alongside other individuals with the same goal (e.g. abstinence) can add external motivation to complete the desired goal, preventing relapse. Further, individuals in group settings can become each other’s friends and motivators when group therapy has finished.  ReferencesAmerican Addiction Centers. (2016). Motivational interviewing in addiction treatment.                Retrieved from  https://americanaddictioncenters.org/therapy-treatment/motivational- interviewingAmerican Psychiatric Association. (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental             disorders (5th ed.). Washington, DC: Author.Van Wormer, K., & Davis, D. R. (2018). Addiction treatment: A strengths perspective (4th Bottom of FormRequired Resources Van      Wormer, K., & Davis, D. R. (2018). Addiction treatment: A      strengths perspective (4th ed.). Boston, MA: Cengage. Chapter       8, “Strengths- and Evidence-Based Helping Strategies” (pp. 313-351) American      Psychiatric Association. (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual      of mental disorders (5th ed.). Washington, DC: Author. “Substance-Related       and Addictive Disorders” (pp. 481–589) Davies,      G., Elison, S., Ward, J., & Laudet, A. (2015). The role of lifestyle      in perpetuating substance use disorder: The Lifestyle Balance Model. Substance      Abuse Treatment, Prevention, & Policy, 10(1), 1–8.      Retrieved from the Walden Library databases. Martin,      G. W., & Rehm, J. (2012). The effectiveness of psychosocial modalities      in the treatment of alcohol problems in adults: A review of the      evidence. The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry, 57(6), 350–358.      Retrieved from the Walden Library databases.  Document: Week      6 Case Studies (PDF)

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6 Discussion RepliesAnswers 1Bids 22Other questions 10

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Discussion 1 : The incorrect implementation of databases ought to purpose demanding situations for the entire device. An instance of a database that has been carried out poorly is one which has redundancy. Depending on the number of statistics that the agency is anticipated to have or hold, the corporation wishes to have the surroundings setup enjoyable the needs of the requirement. In these days’ global, there are many alternatives to store our statistics. As an instance, the cloud database, which runs on the cloud computing platform and is provided as-a-service. Relational databases are designed in this kind of way that each object represents one and simplest element, so there have to keep away from duplicationI would really like to explain a scenario wherein the role of the database performs a key role. Wrong designing and implementation of databases machine can reason many challenges and provide now not so properly paintings experience. For instance, a database designed poorly is one that has redundancy. As an instance, in some instances in which statistics fields are identical for diverse factors within the identical desk and all through updating of this fields can create manual mistakes or device error, that allows you to end up presenting a non-preferred end result. Extra error prevalence can result by way of guide mistakes and in this situation data admin who controls a database and does now not have centralized facts manipulate, and which results in pointless duplication. Therefore, redundancy can be prevented or reduced by way of having centralized information manage, wherein insertions and statistics up to date may be monitored to avoid duplicates. The other technique that removes redundancy is normalization because it gets rid of data duplicates from the tables. Alongside those, repetition may be stayed away from or reduced by using having brought together database manipulate, wherein inclusions and information refreshed can be checked to keep away from duplication. We have been getting mismatched information referring to the credit score report of the patron coming from the 0. 33-birthday party source. Consequently, I would really like to conclude that databases have to implement in each group, be it electronic or guide facts, make certain facts integrity and security of records.Refs:Andelman, S. J., & Fagan, W. F. (2000). Umbrellas and flagships: efficient conservation surrogates or expensive mistakes?. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 97(11), 5954-5959.Bernheim, R. G. (2016). Public Engagement in Emergency Preparedness and Response. Emergency Ethics, 155-185. doi:10.1093/med/9780190270742.003.0005Discussion 2 : Designing and architecting a database in a proper way could reduce the problems that come during the development and deployment process. Any small type of mistake in database design would give a lot of pain to the DBA’s, developers and managers alike. In the following discussion, I will be discussing the common mistakes that we went through in my experience at the workplace. Following is the sample list of some problems that we usually encounter with database in any work environment and some of them personally experienced at my work such as poor design or planning, ignoring normalization, improper documentation, lack of naming standards, holding all domain values in one tables, using identity columns as the only key, not using SQL utilities to protect data integration, not using stored procedures to access data, lack of testing etc. Few of the problems from the above list are elaborately presented down and solutions towards them.Poor Naming Standards:The names we choose now is not just to identify the purpose of an object but to allow the future programmers to understand the intention of what data it stores. By naming the tables, columns with good naming standards will allow future users to understand its significance easily by avoiding them to go through the large documentation.Didn’t used stored procedures to access the information(Data):  Stored procedures are very friendly and should be used whenever possible as a flow to insulate the database layer from the users of the data. Initially, it would take more time to set up. Stored procedures make database development much cleaner and allow the ease between the database and functional programmers to perform collaboratively. Some of the other significant reasons for using the stored procedures are maintainability, encapsulation, security, and performance.Holding all domain Values in one table:Relational databases are based on a basic idea that every object represents one and only thing, so there should never be any confusion what data it refers to. From column name to table name and to table name to primary key, all the relationships should be traced and should know exactly what the piece of data means.Above are some of the problems I dealt in my experience, We rectified them accordingly at the end of the day but we lost a large amount of time in correcting them that also includes modification of database design and updating the inconsistent data in the tables to stabilize the web application from the errors and exceptions.References:Kam, Davida, ‘Structured Design of Substitution-Permutation Encryption Networks’, Computers IEEE Transactions on, vol. C-28, no. 10, pp. 747-753, 1979.David B.Stewart. (September 2001). Twenty-Five most common mistakes with real-time software development presented at Embedded Systems Conference, Boston.Louis Davidon. (26 Feb 2007). Ten common database design mistakes retrieved from https://www.red-gate.com/simple-talk/sql/database-administration/ten-common-database-design-mistakes/Discussion 3 : Since the database is the foundation of basically every business adventure, if you don’t set aside the opportunity to plot the prerequisites of the assignment and how the database will meet them, by then the chances are that the whole undertaking will veer topsy turvy and lose heading. Moreover, if you don’t take the time toward the start to get the database setup ideal, by then you’ll see that any critical changes in the database structures that you need to make. Names, while an individual choice, are the first and most basic line of documentation for your application, which is the prerequisite for consistency. The names you pick are not just to engage you to perceive the purpose behind an inquiry, anyway to allow each future programming engineer, customers, and whatnot to quickly and successfully perceive how a section some bit of your database was relied upon to be used, and what information it stores.(Card,1998) I indicate here some relevant examinations where wrong database usage results in huge messes up for some real media substances. Pinterest coincidentally informed a couple of customers applauding them on their best in class weddings and offered an uncommon on wedding solicitations. Be that as it may, countless women weren’t getting hitched, and some of them were truly single. A substantial number of the discouraged recipients took to Twitter to share the wrong email. An association agent issued an outflow of regret refering to horrible information and that they were tragic they tumbled off amazingly pretentious on each and every social medium stages. Information gathering is a two-way road, helping an association better adjust and serving altered encounters to customers. We should not let poor information, tricky amassing or nonattendance of due consistency make an information memory the web will never delete.(Davidson, 2007) For another situation contemplate, Many of CNN’s PC delivered interactives and designs for their live event incorporation are energized by information examination and for this circumstance no doubt the information was too much cheerful. In the midst of a give insights about the decision, CNN demonstrated an information that showed that 110% of Scotland’s populace had been reviewed. As demonstrated by the database, 58% of Scots had said Yes and 52% casted a ballot No. The information was plainly off on the total voter rate, yet it was in like manner off course about the manner in which that the bigger piece of Scots truly casted a ballot No. CNN revived their database later to a progressively exact one exhibiting 52% casting a ballot No and 48% casting a ballot Yes, yet the damage was by then done. Consistently check and twofold check your database plan and don’t just anticipate it’s exact.(Davidson, 2007) Playing out some basic information quality checks already demonstrating data may infer that you don’t hit the remote transmissions first, anyway in any occasion you’ll get the job done perfectly. Davidson, L. (2007). Ten normal database configuration botches. Straightforward Talk. Card, D. N. (1998). Gaining from our oversights with deformity causal examination. IEEE programming, 15(1), 56-63. Andelman, S. J., and Fagan, W. F. (2000). Umbrellas and leads: productive preservation surrogates or costly missteps?. Procedures of the National Academy of Sciences, 97(11), 5954-5959. Guz, S. (2011). Fundamental oversights in database testing.Discussion 4 : According to Charette (2015), individuals and business organizations use computers for various purposes. Some of the uses that organizations computers for is storage for personal and business files, entertainments and executing business functions using specific applications and software that are meant for particular purposes. Sometimes, however, they get frustrations from this computer due to unexpected processes like a computer crash, data loss or any other technical problem that effect the function of the network. It means therefore that the user of the computer might vital documents and file that are most sensitive to him or her or the organization. One of the causes for the abnormalities with the machines is a database that is improperly implemented (Ives & Schneider, 2014). A poorly implemented database usually leads to loss of data /information stored on the computer hence frustration to the user.An example of a poorly implemented database is SOX. The entire approach of SOX is flawed, and it is technically challenging to understand the history of the SOX. Looking SOX from the perspective of information security, SOX is vague (Charette, 2015).  An audit of this process concentrates on ensuring that all the regulations are enforced appropriately such that it cannot access the fraudulent MO. There is no single victim found trying to commit fraud by hacking passwords on a production database can testify to have broken the rules after a review of the logins are revisited (Ives & Schneider, 2014). This database can easily be compromised since hackers/intruders can easily bypass all the tedious processes and controls in trying to access a computer system. They do so by obtaining a valid password through an exploit or static files in the backup orany other means that can permit them legitimately log in to the system. To harness the challenge posed by SOX, it is essential to install a proper 24/7 hours surveillance cameras in your facility, and security software for your computer systems (Ives & Schneider, 2014).ReferencesCharette, R. N. (2015). Why software fails [software failure]. Ieee Spectrum, 42(9), 42-49.Ives, B., Walsh, K. R., & Schneider, H. (2014). The domino effect of password reuse. Communications of the ACM, 47(4), 75-78.Discussion 5 : Planning and controlling a database has more work involved than just installing the database, where various moving pieces and parts are involved as well as all these pieces are not controlled in a dedicated way, one may notice the system, which is very less efficient that it was designed to be. A proper naming standard should be followed in naming the databases in order to avoid confusion as well as the duplicates. Reference information should not be placed in multiple locations and also the application code. All the databases should have clean and clear documentation, which explains all of its multiple parts, including the variations, which were made at the later time. SOX can be considered as one of the examples of the imperfectly executed database. Poor execution of the database with various mistakes due to which misinterpretations may happen, due to which the complete approach of SOX is defective (Laudon & Laudon, 2016). Many have found this to be indistinct. SOX are generally associated with privacy policy when compared to the illegal activity. During the hiring period, one should be extremely careful so that the illegal activity can be avoided in the software databases.The feasible choices to avoid the poorly executed database troubles would be using the meaningful and correct database and column and table names and also one should make sure that the width of the column should be increased to fit the complete information (Levene, 1992). Referential uprightness should be implemented in the execution of the important foreign key relationships, which should be strong as needed.Reference:Laudon, K. C., & Laudon, J. P. (2016). Management information system. Pearson Education India.Levene, M. (1992). The nested universal relation database model. Berlin: Springer-Verlag.Discussion 6: As industry needs change the focus on safety progress furthermore, the view of data storage including analytics alternatives is developing more complicated.  A Knowledge centric methodology in the IT setting would be depicted by a conscious exertion to dole out data ideally than giving information (Harris, 1996). Most of the general issues faced by the user of the SQL Server database are degradation of production, which has an adverse influence on the operation of the SQL database. It is essential to control both the tools and software parameters to limit any SQL Database execution issues. The principal thing that user wants to do after encountering any performance problems is to find a reasonable cause to know the problem ultimately. Some of the issues can easily be fixed while other issues may need time to adjust.  Before fixing the issues, the user needs to understand the signs first. Some of the basic problems linked with CPU, memory, system and I/O bottlenecks and slow SQL queries.Problem Related to CPUThe inadequate device resources can guide to problem in CPU. The user need to recognize the SQL Server Instance who is spending most of the CPU. Occasional high usage of the processor cannot be handled as a serious problem and can overlook. However, if the question seems very often, research over the issue is required. In this position, adding extra processors may not be effective. Therefore, the solution is installed proper query tuning, fix the performance plan also reconfigure the individual system to fix the problem. It is prudent to keep a dedicated server to control the SQL Server only, and no additional applications should be present.Furthermore, Speed is an essential part of the usability of a website. To engage its users, any application or website need to run fast. The overall execution of any app is mainly dependent on database execution. Database optimization includes maximizing the speed also ability with which data is recovered. Indexing is an efficient approach to tune your SQL database that is usually neglected throughout development. In basic terms, an index is a data structure that increases the speed of data retrieval works on a database table by implementing rapid random lookups also effective access of ordered records. Setting up indexes usually doesn’t need much coding, but it does take a moment of thought (Elmasri, 2011).                                               References:Harris, D. B. (1996). Creating a knowledge centric information technology environmentElmasri, R., & Navathe, S. B. (2011). Database systems (Vol. 9). Boston, MA: Pearson Education.

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Cyber security Answers 1Bids 59Other questions 10

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Your portfolio should be a 7 page Research Essay (FULL pages) and a 2-3 page Reflective Essay for a total of 9+ pages. These should be separate essays in separate word documents. Both should be submitted to the portfolio dropbox.** Because this is the end of the semester, late work will not be accepted.  You may use information and sources from your previous two essays, but be sure to change your wording so you do not plagiarize yourself. Remember that using old work from other classes is also plagiarism. *The research project (semester’s work) concludes with the Research Essay. This assignment is a seven-page thesis-driven essay that answers the research question. Your goal is to propose a solution to your issue (it can solve part of the problem or the whole thing, or just make it better/improve things) supported by viable sources. It will require a minimum of five text-based sources and a maximum of seven (at least 2 scholarly) found using college-level research techniques. This essay will be submitted at the end of the term in a portfolio with a Reflective Essay. Reflective Essay: Must be 2-3 pages and entirely original other than the template. Recycling work, using essays from other students or other semesters will result in a failing grade in the course. A plagiarism number must appear when you turn in your portfolio (it should be yellow/20-30%) and in word format in order to be graded. Assignment Objectives You will complete this assignment by writing an essay that makes an original argument that answers the research question that you previously developed and researched. Your essay could 1) present your thesis statement in basic enthymematic form (claim + because + reason), 2) support the argument by synthesizing at least five sources that you have found and evaluated to be credible or otherwise worthy of attention, and 3) summarize, paraphrase, and quote from your sources adequately to complete the task. Related Student Learning Outcomes Compose argumentative or persuasive essays that demonstrate interpretation, analysis and synthesis Apply the writing process through invention, drafting, revision, and editing Design writing to meet its rhetorical situation, particularly with regard to diction, tone, and audience Locate and evaluate appropriate sources to support their claims in written essays; and Identify and choose appropriate available library resources. Document sources in MLA Style Edit essay to conform to standard written English Please avoid block quotes and be sure to carefully check that your direct quotes are correct and that your paraphrasing is fully your own words. Again, be sure to use a mix of evidence as well as direct quotes/paraphrasing. Avoid summarizing articles or ideas. Be sure to include a smart, reasonable, research-based counterargumentPurposeThe simplest explanation of this essay’s purpose is that by completing it, you will write an essay that answers your research question. Ultimately, however, the purpose of this assignment is to enter a scholarly conversation. By applying the skills in research, source evaluation, and synthesis that you have been practicing through the term, you will contribute to an existing conversation by presenting your own original argument. That argument will speak to the exiting conversation by using sources to support your argument (either as evidence, by extending or modifying your sources’ arguments, or by refuting sources’ arguments). The most important thing to remember as you work on this essay is that you cannot simply parrot the information or arguments that you find in your sources. Rather, this essay will be driven by your unique argument answering your research question. Your essay must be a persuasive argument that allows you as a young scholar to enter and contribute to the ongoing conversation on your topic. This essay is an “I” + “They” Say = “We” Say DirectionsIn short, this assignment requires you to write a thesis-driven essay that makes an argument answering your research question that cites at least five sources to support your claims and show your thesis’s relationship to the existing conversation on your topic.  Complete all the required or otherwise necessary brainstorming, research, note-taking and gathering of bibliographic information that you need to prepare for drafting the essay.  Follow the textbook’s suggestions to help you adequately take notes and brainstorm to prepare for writing the essay.  After thorough preparation, write an essay that presents your answer to your research question. Remember to outline, draft, and revise. Your essay should have A focused introduction that introduces your topic.  A thesis statement that answers your research question and takes the form of claim + because + reason. (not required) Body paragraphs that support the thesis with adequate and appropriate synthesis of at least five sources. Utilize summary, paraphrase, and quotation to show the similarities, agreements, and disagreements among your sources. Be sure to elaborate in instances that you summarize/paraphrase/quote to make the connections you draw clear to the reader, and always cite the source.  A conclusion that reiterates your thesis for the reader.  Be sure to include a MIX of evidence as well as a counterargument. This essay should NOT Simply summarize the sources. String together information in substitute for a sustained argument Stray too far from the topic in order to complete the assignment.  Rhetorical SituationImagine for this essay that your readers are other scholars or educated readers who have significant interest in your topic and sincerely want to see what your argument is contributing to the body of knowledge on your topic. Therefore, you should write this essay in a diction that is appropriate for academic readers.Do I need a works cited page?Because you will be quoting, paraphrase, and summarizing from at least five sources, you will need to parenthetically cite your sources in the essay Please ask if you have questions regarding citation,and remember that all essays will go through the Turnitin Originality Check in the D2L Dropbox. I cannot grade essays that are not submitted to the dropbox and have plagiarism percentages. If you do not see a number/color (you’re going for 20-30%/yellow) then you must resubmit until you do. Also, please check that your essay is a full 7 pages on WORD – other apps make the essay seem longer then it is/the school computers sometimes do this as well. *Any instance of plagiarism will result in a failing grade (please see course syllabus for specific policy)If you have any questions, do not hesitate to ask. Stop by office hours, send an email. Also, it’s a good idea to use make an appt with a librarian and to utilize the free tutoring center! bric is adapted from the ENGL 1102 Common Rubric.   Excellent (A)Far exceeds the basic requirements of the assignment.Effective (B)Exceeds the basic requirements of the assignment.Adequate (C)Meets the basic requirements of the assignment.Limited (D)Attempts but does not meet the basic requirements of the assignment.Unsuccessful (F)Falls far below the basic requirements of the assignment. Argument & DevelopmentInsightful, clearly articulated central claim; evidence is specific and generously developed to show relationship to central claim; skillful use of multiple persuasive techniques.Clear central claim; evidence is developed to show relationship to central claim; successfully uses one or more persuasive techniques.Identifiable central claim; evidence is present and its relationship to the central claim is demonstrated; uses basic persuasive techniques.Central claim is vague, confusing, or changes throughout the essay; evidence is minimally developed or its relationship to the central claim is unclear; attempts to use persuasive techniques with limited success.No central claim; aim is informative or personal rather than argumentative; does not make a case based on supporting ideas and evidence. OrganizationAll paragraphs are coherently focused and demonstrate a sophisticated logical progression; the order of paragraphs is thoughtfully determined; topic sentences and transitions are clearly articulated and fluidMost paragraphs are coherently focused and have a clear logical progression; the order of paragraphs is sensibly determined; topic sentences and transitions clear are effectiveMost paragraphs are coherently focused and some express a logical progression; all paragraphs relate to the essay’s main idea; topic sentences and transitions are functionalFew paragraphs are coherently focused or express logical progressions; one or two paragraphs do not relate to the essay’s main idea; some topic sentences and transitions are misplaced or ineffectiveFew paragraphs are coherently focused or express logical progressions; few paragraphs relate to the essay’s main idea; many topic sentences and transitions are misplaced, ineffective, or missing ComprehensionAnd Use of Sources Displays clear understanding of sources with sophisticated analysis and synthesis of source texts; skillfully integrates source material to support the writer’s own argument.Displays understanding of source texts; displays analysis and synthesis of source texts; sources provide appropriate support for the writer’s own argument.Displays understanding of source texts; displays analysis or synthesis with some success; sources provide basic support for the writer’s own argument.Writing displays some misunderstanding or inappropriate use of source texts; does not adequately maintain control of sources as support for writer’s own argument.Writing displays little or no understanding of source texts or does not use sources; no distinction between writer’s and texts’ ideas; plagiarism*. Research MethodExcellent, timely and relevant sources are selected for the topic/assignment from numerous and varied academic resources available through the academic resources such as the University Library.Good sources are selected for the topic/ assignment from several academic resources available through academic resources such as the University Library.Suitable sources are selected for the topic/assignment; basic academic resources available through academic resources such as the University Library are used in the search process.Sources are inadequate for the topic/ assignment; limited academic resources used in the search process.Sources are non-academic, inappropriate for the topic/ assignment, demonstrate thoughtless Internet searching, reliance on general Internet reference sites, or are absent. Few/no resources used in the search process. Style & AudienceDiction and tone are precise, vivid, and demonstrate keen awareness of an academic audience. Sentences demonstrate control and skillful variation.Diction and tone are clear and show awareness of an academic audience. Sentences are varied and soundly constructed.Diction and tone are generally clear and appropriate for an academic audience. Sentences are soundly constructed. Diction and tone are generally inappropriate for the audience or illogical, vague, and/or repetitive. Sentences are unclear or poorly constructed.Diction and tone are inappropriate. Sentences are overly simplistic, confusing, or frequently contain major structural errors (fragments /run-ons/fused sentences). Citation and DocumentationSkillfully uses in-text citation and documentation of sources in the assigned style with no errors or few minor errors; cites all sources in Works Cited or References page. Uses in-text citation and documentation of sources in the assigned style with a few minor errors; cites all sources in Works Cited or References page.Appropriately places in-text citations; cites all sources in Works Cited or References page; some errors in style-specific format. Some source material has no in-text citation or some sources are missing from Works Cited or References page; blends citation styles; frequent errors in style-specific format.Little/no attempt at citation or documentation in any style; no in-text citations; no Works Cited or References page. * Grammar and MechanicsCarefully edited with no or very few minor errors in grammar, punctuation or spelling.Competently edited with few minor errors in grammar, punctuation or spelling.Adequately edited with minor errors in grammar, punctuation, and or spelling that interfere with style, but not clarity or meaning. Errors in grammar, punctuation, spelling and/or editing delay readers’ understanding at the sentence level.Multiple and/or serious errors in grammar, punctuation, spelling and/or editing frequently impede readers’ understanding.

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Go to the Philippines to study primates called tarsiers! Download the assignment and answer sheet below.Answers 1Bids 43Other questions 10

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Anthropology 130 Online Research Simulation 1Tarsier Research Project50 points totalInstructionsThis research simulation will take you through a fictional example of genetic inheritance. The textbook and lecture slides on heredity, genetics, biological evolution, and population genetics should have all of the information that you need to successfully complete the assignment. Use Internet resources as a last resort since that information is less controlled.Enter your answers into the Research Simulation 1 Answer Sheet Word document and upload it to Canvas to turn in.Assignment StartCongratulations! You have been accepted into a prestigious research program. You will be joining a team of primatologists who have started to conduct research on a population of tarsiers living on an island in the Philippines. (Tarsiers are hand-sized primates who share a distant common ancestor with humans but evolved in their own way to survive in forests). The researchers believe that tarsier fur color is strongly influenced by their genes, so they plan to genetically test tarsiers of different colors to see what their genotypes are like.Since you’re the newest member of the research team, the primatologists have given you the work of of 111{ Caption: A tarsier. }preparing the data that they have collected to present to The National Science Foundation. At least you get to work in the Philippines!Part OneThe international airport is bustling with activity as you wait for your flight to the Philippines. Announcements in many languages ring out over the speakers. You make a small game of trying to identify the languages being spoken. Surprisingly, you hear a young voice next to you:“Hi are you a scientist?”A child full of curiosity has climbed into the seat next to yours while you were distracted. You reply to the child that you are indeed a scientist. The child looks up at your with beaming eyes. “I have a question. In school, we learn about the scientis- scientific method, but I didn’t understand something. Could you tell me the difference between a hyp- hypo- hypothemesis and a theory?” of 211{ Your new workplace (not really). }1.Explain to the child the difference between a hypothesis and a theory in your own way, based on the book and lecture. Use at least one sentence. (1 point)2.The child has you attention for now. Continue by explaining how the process of scientific research improves our knowledge over time while bad data and theories are discarded. (1 point)Satisfied, the child climbs off the seat and wanders away. Soon, the gate opens and you board the plane to your research adventure.Part TwoBy the time you are able to join the team in the Philippines, the researchers have already taken genetic samples of wild tarsiers. Analyzing their DNA, scientists have isolated a few genotypes, or the genetic makeup, or a few individuals. The genotypes have been given names following the standard convention of using capital and lowercase letters to represent different alleles in a gene.For each of the following four genotypes, indicate in the answer sheet whether it is heterozygous, homozygous dominant, or homozygous recessive: (1 point total)3.Hh4.MM5.ff of 3116.Make up your own heterozygous genotype, using a letter of your choice (1 point).Part ThreeThe scientists noticed that the tarsiers of this particular island came in two varieties of fur color: brown and silver. These colors are determined by the Fur gene, which has two possible alleles. Comparing the fur phenotype with the genotype, they found that the uppercase ‘F’ allele codes for brown fur while the lowercase ‘f’ allele codes for silver fur.Based on this information, would the fur color of tarsiers with the following genotype be brown or silver? (1 point total). of 411{ Caption: Photoshopped renditions of the silver and brown tarsiers for this assignment. Real tarsiers do have differences in fur color, though!}7.Ff  8.ff   9.FFPart FourContinuing their research, the primatologists temporarily capture a few tarsiers to observe over a few days. Two of the captive tarsiers, one male and one female, are very fond of each other. Looking at their DNA, scientists found that one has the genotype FF for the fur color gene and the other tarsier has ff as its genotype. One of your fellow researchers, Jherry,  is filling out a Punnett square to diagram the possible genotypes of any offspring of this tarsier pair. He shows you his template:Jherry is eager to demonstrate what he learned when he took ANTH 101 last semester: “You see, each parent’s genotype is given in the gray squares. With this information, we just move the alleles for Parent 1 across each row and drop the alleles for Parent 2 down each column to see how these alleles would combine in their offspring. For this pairing…” of 511Parent 2FFParent 1ffNot to be outdone, you jump in to help Jherry figure out his Punnett square.10.What would be each offspring genotype in the four white blanks in the Punnett square? In the answer sheet write the genotype derived from the parents in each white square. (1 point)11.What would be the fur color of all of these offspring, and why? Explain your reasoning with at least a full sentence. (1 points)One of the researchers, Lhindsay, comes back excitedly from the forest: “The two parent tarsiers had a baby!” Being a top tarsier researcher, she already has a sample of the newborn’s DNA to test. The results show that the offspring with the genotype Ff. Lhindsay’s mind reels from the possibilities of this young tarsier. “What if the Ff baby grows up and mates with anotherFf tarsier?! What types of offspring are possible?” You work to answer Lhindsay’s question by making another Punnett square. You start with the parents’ separated alleles in the gray squares and then work to fill in the four white squares with the offspring’s genotypes: of 611Parent 2Parent 112.What would be in each of the white squares in the answer sheet showing the possible genotypes of the grandchildren if the baby Ff tarsier grew up and mated with another Fftarsier? (1 points)13.For each of the genotypes from question #12, what would be the resulting phenotype or actual fur color? Fill in each the correct phenotype for each white square in the Punnett Square with either the word ‘brown’ or ‘silver’ based on the genotype from #12. (1 points)14.Based on your results, which phenotype (brown or silver) would be more likely to appear in the grandchildren? Explain your reasoning in at least a complete sentence, explaining what you see in your previous answer. (2 points)“Thank you!” Lhindsay exclaims. She runs off to tell Jherry and the other researchers the good news, along with your additional information.Part FiveThe researchers are grateful that you have gotten this work done for them so that they can keep conducting fieldwork in the forest. One day, the researchers find a family of tarsiers with red fur! A new allele in the fur color gene must have appeared due to a change in the DNA of one of the tarsiers. This new allele then got passed to the next generation. Lindsay is very excited by this new discovery: ‘The red fur allele must have been created the… oh, what is the force of evolution that is the only source of new alleles?”15.Help out Lhindsay: what is the force of biological evolution that is the only source of new alleles? (1 points) of 711Observations of the red fur tarsiers show thatthey blend in better with the reddish brown tree trunks in the environment compared to both the brown and silver fur tarsiers. This means that the red fur tarsiers are less likely to be caught and eaten by the tarsier-eating hawks that patrol the forest. 16.Given the above pattern over many generations, would the red fur tarsiers be more or less common compared to the brown and silver tarsiers? (1 point)You start documenting these results for the team, but you need to recall the best vocabulary term to describe what is going on.17.The change in fur color trends of the tarsier population, due to each color affecting reproductive success differently, is an example of which force of evolution? (2 points)18.You know that there are tarsiers living on the other side of the river where you found the red fur tarsiers. Due to the rapid current of the river, the tarsiers on one side rarely meet the tarsiers on the other. Is this an example of high or low gene flow between these two groups? (1 point) of 811{ Caption: The newly discovered red tarsier (still fictional for this assignment!). }Part SixAfter filling in the details of your report, you join the research team to eat dinner and discuss the findings under the big research tent. Lhindsay and Jherry thank you for being so helpful. The primary investigator of this team, the P.I., strolls up to you and hands you a celebratory lumpia (spring roll). “Excellent work on the tarsier fur colors. The red fur tarsiers will really add to what we know about this branch of primates, and all primates in general. We still don’t know if the new red fur allele is dominant or recessive. If it is recessive, like the f allele, then only F will be dominant for this gene, overriding the other alleles. If it turns out that the red fur allele is as dominant as the brown fur allele… what is the word for that situation?”19.Impress the P.I.: what is the term for a gene where multiple alleles for a gene are dominant? (1 point)20.If the red fur allele is also dominant, what could a tarsier look like if it had both the red allele and the brown allele? (1 point)“There is a chance that the fur gene affects more than just the fur color: eye color may be affected as well! In that case, this one gene affects multiple traits.”21.What is the term for a gene that affects more than one trait? (1 point)“There are so many complications to genetics beyond what we just went over. I know that you have read the book Essentials of Physical Anthropology by Clark Spencer Larsen. He’s a great professor! Do you recall what the book said about regulatory and structural genes?” of 91122.What is the definition of a regulatory gene? Use a complete sentence and rephrase the definition from what the book says. (1 point)23.What is the definition of a structural gene? Use a complete sentence and rephrase the definition from what the book says. (1 point)24.What is the name for the type of gene found in many different animals that controls the development of body parts? (1 point)Your Primary Investigator nods in contentment. “It’s been great chatting with you. I’m very excited about analyzing these data and adding on to our scientific knowledge. To be honest, I’m a little competitive. Another research team may discover the same things about tarsiers and publish their discovery first. It’s like when Charles Darwin was almost too late in publishing his work on natural selection because another researcher was following the same clues to the same theory. Now, Darwin is the famous name for natural selection, while the other guy is less well known. In fact, what was his name? Maybe you read an article about it.”25.Who was the researcher who almost announced his discovery of natural selection before Charles Darwin did it? (1 point)Part SevenThe next day, you stop by the nearby town of Corella to visit an Internet café and see what is going on with social media. You received some messages from friends asking about what you did recently in your research. of 101126.Write a short status message of around 150 words describing what you did and learned while studying tarsiers as if you were really there. College-level writing is not required! Have fun with it. (2 points)ConclusionThe eventful field season concluded, you return home from the Philippines to turn in your answer sheet. The researchers continue their work on finding more about tarsiers. They can now test the new hypothesis that the red fur will become more common in the future. By careful observation of the environment, scientists can make and test hypotheses about how the tarsier genotype and phenotype are interrelated. This adds a little bit of new information to the existing scientific knowledge. We will learn more about tarsiers later in the course!Be sure to have answered every question in the answer sheet before submitting it on Canvas. of 1111Caption: The public market in Corella (it’s a real town!).

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