Assignment 1.1: Conflicting Viewpoints Essay – Part IPrewritingDue Week 2 and worth 30 pointsWhen looking for information about a particular issue, how often do you try to resist biases toward your own point of view? This assignment asks you to engage in this aspect of critical thinking by playing the ‘Believing Game.’ The Believing Game is about making the effort to ‘believe’ – or at least consider – the reasons for an opposing view on an issue.The assignment is divided into two (2) parts.In Part I of the assignment (due Week 2), you will first read a book excerpt about critical thinking processes: ‘The Believing Game and How to Make Conflicting Opinions More Fruitful’ at http://www.procon.org/sourcefiles/believinggame.pdf. Next, you will review the Procon.org Website in order to gather information. Then, you will engage in prewriting to examine your thoughts.Note: In Part II of the assignment (due Week 4), you will write an essay geared towards synthesizing your ideas.Part I – Prewriting: Follow the instructions below for this prewriting activity. Use complete sentences and adhere to standard rules of English grammar, punctuation, mechanics, and spelling.1. Select one (1) of the approved topics from the www.procon.org Website and state your position on the issue.2. From the Procon.org Website, identify three (3) premises (reasons) listed under either the Pro or Con section – whichever section opposes your position.3.For each of the three (3) premises (reasons) that oppose your position on the issue, answer these ‘believing’ questions suggested by Elbow: What’s interesting or helpful about this view? What would I notice if I believed this view? In what sense or under what conditions might this idea be true?’The paper should follow guidelines for clear and organized writing: Include an introductory paragraph and concluding paragraph. Address main ideas in body paragraphs with a topic sentence and supporting sentences. Adhere to standard rules of English grammar, punctuation, mechanics, and spelling.Your assignment must follow these formatting requirements: This course requires use of Strayer Writing Standards (SWS). The format is different than other Strayer University courses. Please take a moment to review the SWS documentation for details. This prewriting assignment has no page requirement. There is no requirement at this time to include references in the assignment.The specific course learning outcomes associated with this assignment are: Identify the informal fallacies, assumptions, and biases involved in manipulative appeals and abuses of language. Create written work utilizing the concepts of critical thinking. Use technology and information resources to research issues in critical thinking skills and informal logic. Assignment 1.2: Conflicting Viewpoints Essay – Part IISynthesizing and WritingDue Week 4 and worth 100 pointsWhen looking for information about a particular issue, how often do you try to resist biases toward your own point of view? This assignment asks you to engage in this aspect of critical thinking.The assignment is divided into two (2) parts.For Part I of the assignment (due Week 2), you read a book excerpt about critical thinking processes, reviewed the Procon.org Website in order to gather information, and engaged in prewriting to examine your thoughts.* Remember that in the Week 2 Discussion, you examined the biases discussed in Chapter 2 of the webtext.In Part II of the assignment (due Week 4), you will write a paper to synthesize your ideas.Part II – WritingWrite at three to four (3-4) page paper in which you:1. State your position on the topic you selected for Assignment 1.1.2. Identify (3) three premises (reasons) from the Procon.org website that support your position    and explain why you selected these specific reasons.3. Explain your answers to the “believing” questions about the three (3) premises opposing your position from the Procon.org website.4. Examine at least two (2) types of biases that you likely experienced as you evaluated the premises for and against your position.   5. Discuss the effects of your own enculturation or group identification that may have influenced your biases.6. Discuss whether or not your thinking about the topic has changed after playing the “Believing Game,” even if your position on the issue has stayed the same.The paper should follow guidelines for clear and organized writing: Include an introductory paragraph and concluding paragraph. Address main ideas in body paragraphs with a topic sentence and supporting sentences. Adhere to standard rules of English grammar, punctuation, mechanics, and spelling.Your assignment must follow these formatting requirements: This course requires use of Strayer Writing Standards (SWS). The format is different than other Strayer University courses. Please take a moment to review the SWS documentation for details. Based on the guidelines in SWS, ‘A well-researched assignment has at least as many sources as pages.’ Since this assignment requires you to write at least 3-4 pages, you should include at least 3-4 references.The specific course learning outcomes associated with this assignment are: Identify the informal fallacies, assumptions, and biases involved in manipulative appeals and abuses of language. Create written work utilizing the concepts of critical thinking. Use technology and information resources to research issues in critical thinking skills and informal logic.

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Assignment 1: Social Impact of Population GrowthThe United Nations has hired you to be a consultant on global issues. One of the challenges is assessing the impact of population growth. There is no question that the world population will grow dramatically in the next decade throughout many countries of the world. The members of the UN are working to understand the impact that population growth has on society, specifically in developing countries. Your first project with the UN is to develop a whitepaper on three issues related to the population growth faced by one of these countries. Read the Case Study and provide an assessment based on the questions below.(For a brief list of resources for this assignment, please see the end of the course guide.)II.  OverviewOur obsession with continual economic growth deters us from studying the role that an expanding population plays in global warming.[1]About 3 billion years ago, the Earth suffered through a mass extinction caused by catastrophic volcanic activity in Siberia and wildfires that covered the entire planet. Since then, four more extinctions have eradicated up to 80% of all species each time. The world’s climatologists and scientists overwhelmingly agree that we are now on the verge of a sixth mass event that, over the next few tens of thousands of years, will wipe out nearly all living species on Earth — including mankind.This is not the stuff of science fiction or speculation, but rather the studied view of the people who are most qualified to make this kind of assessment. As anthropologist Richard Leaky, author of The Sixth Extinction,[2] wrote in 1995, “Homo sapiens might not only be the agent of the sixth extinction, but also risks being one of its victims.”This brings us to two issues worthy of reflection: Does the rate at which people are reproducing need to be controlled to save the environment? To what extent does human population growth impact global warming… and what can be done about it?[3] The answer to the first is quite simply “yes,” but the solution to the second is more problematic. The damage humans are doing to their climate is ruining the atmosphere surrounding their planet. At the rate this damage is increasing, at some point in the future there will be no atmosphere left to protect life on Earth from the sun’s ultraviolet radiation. Compared to other planets in our solar system, Earth has mild temperatures, thanks largely to the protective gases of its atmosphere.However, since the beginning of the Industrial Revolution (around 1775), those gases have become stuck in the atmosphere, causing heat radiating from the sun to reflect back to Earth (rather than exiting to space). The result is that oceans have become warmer and glaciers are melting, including parts of Antarctica. If we think of that continent as the stopper in a bottle, its melting away will release all the water it is holding back. This will raise sea levels to uncontrollable levels and flood coastal regions for miles inland.The two main culprits for this warming trend are carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane. These gases, called greenhouse gases, are trapped by the Earth’s atmosphere and, in turn, heat up the entire planet. It is worth noting that warming oceans are killing off kelp beds throughout the Earth’s oceans and coastlines at a prodigious rate. Not only do hundreds of millions of people depend on the fish that thrive on this ecosystem, but kelp is a natural absorbent of CO2. It purifies both the water around the kelp and the air we breathe.Population growth that consumes natural resources is partially to blame for the release of greenhouse gases, as are deforestation, soil erosion, and farming (overturned dirt releases CO2). The real issue, however, is the burning of fossil fuels (hydrocarbons) such as coal oil and natural gas, which have been produced by the organic remains of prehistoric organisms. The release of chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) such as refrigerants (used to cool the air in air conditioners and refrigerators), propellants in aerosol sprays, and solvents also contribute heavily to the depletion of the ozone layer in the Earth’s stratosphere. The stratosphere is responsible for filtering out much of the sun’s ultraviolet radiation, preventing humans from burning to death.Continuing to release these gases and CFCs into the atmosphere at these rates will have catastrophic effects on the Earth’s ecosystems and its level of biodiversity. Temperatures will warm by about two degrees Fahrenheit, changing weather patterns for the worse across the globe. In December 2017, the World Bank stated, “Climate change is an acute threat to global development and efforts to end poverty. Without urgent action, climate impacts could push an additional 100 million people into poverty by 2030.'[4]II.  Case AssessmentThe world’s population is expanding at such a rate that some natural resources are being stripped from the environment. This case study deals with how global institutions are working to prevent the loss of these resources. It also deals with, in effect, the consequences of not having access to these resources.As the first section of your whitepaper for the UN, research the impact of population growth on society. Write a minimum of four pages assessing the impact, citing at least five credible sources in your research. As you compose the whitepaper, review the United Nations list of developing countries (available on the United Nations website). Select one country from the UN developing countries list to use as an example throughout your assessment. Please include: A cover page with your name, title of course, date, and the name of your instructor A one-half page introduction A middle section that is numbered and divided into three one-page sections. Each of these sections should answer one of the following questions: What are greenhouse gases? How do they contribute to global warming? What kinds of economic, security, political, and other challenges do these emissions pose to the people of the developing world, and who are the biggest offenders? Is there any way to control the growth of population on a global level? A one-half page conclusion Cite at least five credible sources, excluding Wikipedia, dictionaries and encyclopedias for your assessment. For a brief list of resources for this assignment, please see the end of the course guide.This course requires use of you have any questions about the assignment or the Strayer Writing Standards. The format is different compared to other Strayer University courses. Please take a moment to review the writing standards for details. (Note: You will be prompted to enter your Blackboard login credentials to view these standards.)The specific course learning outcomes associated with this assignment are: Evaluate the impacts of population growth and its negative impacts on global societies while considering multiple perspectives.[1] George Gitlitz, ‘The Climate Problem – But Don’t Mention Population,’ Berkeleyside, June 19, 2018.[2] Discover Magazine, July/August 2018, p. 55[3] Larry LeDoux, ‘Does Population Growth Impact Climate Change,’ Scientific American, September 2018.[4] Bill McKibben, ‘A Very Grim Forecast,’ Review Article of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, Global Warming of 1.5°C: An IPCC Special Report, in The New York Review of Books, Vol. LXV, No. 18, November 22, 2018, p. 4.

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