Analyse attached Stroop test data by conducting a simple paired-samples t-test and a correlation between the emotional and neutral conditions.

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1- Review below Resources with a focus on Stroop tests.
2- Research at least two additional scholarly research papers pertaining to Stroop tests and more specifically the emotional Stroop test.
3- Analyse attached Stroop test data by conducting a simple paired-samples t-test and a correlation between the emotional and neutral conditions.
4- Critically evaluate your reviewed articles based on the effectiveness of the Stroop tests’ applications and resultant findings. Justify your reasoning.
5- Fully state and justify any choices or assumptions that you make using the suggested resources for this unit as well as your own research. Include references to any sources you have used. All sources should be cited using APA Referencing Style.

Sources:
1- Coolican, H. (2014). Research methods and statistics in psychology (5th ed.). Abingdon: Routledge.
Chapter 3, ‘Experiments and Experimental Design in Psychology’ (pp. 63–89)
Chapter 16, ‘Significance Testing – Was It a Real Effect?’ (pp. 407–437)
Chapter 17, ‘Testing for differences between two samples’ (pp. 438–486)
Chapter 19, ‘Correlation and regression’ (pp. 520–569)
Chapter 24, ‘Planning your practical and writing up your report’ (pp. 654–698)
2- Eysenck, M. W., & Keane, M. T. (2010). Cognitive psychology: A student’s handbook (6th ed.). Hove: Psychology Press.
Chapter 15, ‘Cognition and Emotion’ (pp. 571–605)
3- McLeod, C., Mathews, A., & Tata, P. (1986). Attentional bias in emotional disorders.Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 95(1), 15–20.
Read introduction and method only (pp. 15–17).
4- OpenLearn (2011). Getting started with SPSS. Retrieved from http://www.open.edu/openlearn/society/politics-policy-people/sociology/getting-started-spss/content-section-0
5- Phaf, R. H., & Kan, K. J. (2007). The automaticity of emotional Stroop: A meta-analysis. Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry, 38(2), 184–199.

Marijuana and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

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Scenario 8:
Marijuana is the second most commonly smoked substance next to tobacco worldwide. With the recent legalization of marijuana in Colorado, a study was done to examine the relationships between chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and smoking marijuana. Six hundred cases of males between the ages of 18 and 29 that reported to have smoked marijuana on their routinely on health physical examinations were cross matched for COPD. Six hundred age matched males were used as controls. The data are summarized in Table 3 below.
Table 3. Marijuana and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Develop chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)Do not Develop chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)Total
Smokes only Marijuana81519600
Non smoker58542600
  • What is the null hypothesis equation for this experiment?
    Answer: _______________
  • What statistical test would you use?

A     z-test

B     ANOVA

C     Relative Risk

D     Odds ratio

Answer: _______________

  • Based on the statistical test you chose, do you accept or reject the null hypothesis at P=0.05? Please paste your data output file in the area below.Answer: _______________
  • What is the 95% confidence interval for this experiment?
    Answer: _______________
  • What is the expected proportion of controls for this experiment? Round to the thousandths place.
    Answer: _______________
  • What is the power of this experiment? Please paste your data output file in the area below.
    Answer: _______________

Assuming that the expected odds ratio and expected proportion in unexposed controls remained the same, how many samples are needed to achieve a power level of 0.80? Please paste your data output file in the area below.

Answer: _______________

Artificial Sweetener and Bladder Cancer

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Scenario 7
A research team wanted to determine if there is an association between an artificial sweetener and developing bladder cancer. They randomly selected individuals into the exposure group (Healthy individuals that consume artificial sweetener in diet soda; 1 L/day) and compare them to a randomly selected control group (Healthy individuals that do not consume artificial sweetener; 1L/day). They followed the subjects for a period of time 10 years. The data are summarized in the table below.

Table 2. Artificial Sweetener and Bladder Cancer

Developed Bladder CancerDid Not Develop Bladder Cancer
Consume Artificial sweetener75325
Do Not Consume Artificial sweetener50350
  1. What is the null hypothesis equation for this experiment?Answer: ___________
  2. What is the value of n for each group?
    Answer: ___________
  3. What statistical test would you use?

A     2 proportion z-test
B     ANOVA
C     Relative Risk
D     2 sample t-test

Answer: ___________ Risk

  1. Based on the statistical test you chose, do you accept or reject the null hypothesis at P=0.05? Please paste your data output file in the area belowAnswer: ___________
  1. What is the 95% confidence interval for this experiment?
    Answer: _____________
  • What is the power of this statistical test? Please paste your data output file in the area below
    Answer: ___________
  • Assuming that the expected relative risk and expected proportion in unexposed controls remained the same, how many samples are needed to achieve a power level of 0.80? Please paste your data output file in the area below
    Answer: ___________

Which of the following statements is correct about why you would use the Yates continuity correction when performing a Power analysis?

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Scenario 6

Suppose that you wanted to determine if a dietary supplement is effective at lowering blood pressure. You randomly select 200 people with slightly elevated blood pressure and give them either a placebo or the dietary supplement. Your research design is as follows in Table 1. You randomly select 100 people to receive the dietary supplement, and 100 people to receive the placebo. In order to determine the effectiveness of the dietary supplement, you measure systolic blood pressure. The drug was considered a success if it reduced blood pressure levels below 130 mm Hg. Your research hypothesis is: The dietary supplement will reduce blood pressure compared to placebo in people with moderately high blood pressure levels.

Table 1. Dietary Supplements and Lowering Blood Pressure

Blood pressure below 130mmHgBlood Pressure above 130 mm Hg
Placebo
n=100		20 people80 people
Dietary SupplementN=10030 people70 people
  1. What is the null hypothesis equation for this experiment?
    Answer: ___________
  2. What proportion of people that received the placebo control had their blood pressure reduced at the end of the study?
    Answer: ___________
  3. What proportion of people that received the placebo control had their blood pressure reduced at the end of the study?
    Answer: ___________
  4. What statistical test would you use?
    A 2 proportion z-test
    B     ANOVA
    C     Relative Risk
    D     2 sample t-testAnswer: ___________
  • Based on the statistical test you chose, do you accept or reject the null hypothesis at P=0.05? Please paste your data output file in the area below.Answer: ___________
  • What is the 95% confidence interval for this experiment?Answer: ___________
  1. What is the power of this statistical test? Please paste your data output file in the space below.

Answer:  ___________

  • Assuming that the expected proportions remain the same for the two groups, how many samples are needed to achieve a power level of 0.80?Answer: ___________
  • Which of the following statements is correct about why you would use the Yates continuity correction when performing a Power analysis?

A     To increase your chances of making a type I error.
B     To decrease your chances of making a type I error.
C     To increase your chances of making a type II error.
D     To decrease your chances of making a type II error.

Answer: ___________