What are the advantages and disadvantages of the medical model?

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Type: Individual Project Unit:  Offender Classification Due Date:  Sun, 9/11/16 Deliverable Length:  7-10 slides with speaker notes   Library Research Assignment There are 2 general models to consider when discussing treatment of offenders. First is the medical model, which focuses on psychological evaluation and creating a treatment plan that corresponds with the evaluation. The second model is known as the psycho/social/behavioral model. This model uses several methods, including a risk assessment and a thorough treatment prescription process. The psycho/social/behavioral model looks at all aspects of the offender’s life. Compare and contrast the medical and psychological/sociological/behavioral models. Assignment Guidelines: ·         Using the library, course materials, textbook, and Web resources, research the 2 models of correctional treatment. ·         What are the advantages and disadvantages of the medical model? Explain. ·         What are the advantages and disadvantages of the psycho/social/behavioral model? Explain. ·         How are these 2 models similar? ·         Based on what you have found, which model do you believe is the most appropriate for assessing special-needs offenders? ·         Compile your responses into a PowerPoint presentation of 7–10 slides. ·         Be sure to include speaker notes for each slide.

Discuss the pros and cons of being a whistleblower.

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Week 1 Forum Week 1-A: The reclassification of certain drugs consumers could only purchase with a prescription from a physician to [non-prescription] over-the-counter [OTC] drugs, has resulted in the decreased influence of physicians over which drugs may be prescribed for a patient as well as an explosion of pharmaceutical and medical device advertising directed to consumer. Do you believe today’s consumers are more informed about the disease process and its treatment [if so, how?] or are they relying too much on media to provide viable treatment suggestions [if so, why]? Week 1-B: An aging population, an increased demand for chronic long-term care, as well as an trend toward the development of new technologies that support alternative delivery systems (ADS) have all decentralized medical decision-making and embraced private innovations in healthcare for senior citizens and taxpayers. As the Chief Executive Officer (CEO) of your facility, discuss the implication (both positive and negative) of decentralized medical services on caring for an increasing aging population and increased costs of new technologies. Name at least two strategies that may keep your organization viable. Week 1 Reflection Reflect on the week’s activity. Post your opinion on the topics, and what you have learned from the week’s discussion topics. Similar to your Discussion topics, this posting should be substantial in length [300-500 words] and meet APA guidelines and graduate standards in writing. It should also be respectful and supportive in tone. Week 2 Forum Week 2-A: The False Claims Act contain qui tam or whistleblower provisions. Discuss the pros and cons of being a whistleblower. If you were aware of fraudulent issues in your healthcare organization, do you agree that reporting such an issue should be mandatory [why/why not] and should penalties be imposed if fraudulent activity is not reported Week 2-B: Research the Age Discrimination in Employment Act. Discuss the current status of this piece of legislation. Is the Act really necessary and/or should this piece of legislation be more defined? Why or why not. Support your answer. Week 2 Reflection Reflect on the week’s activity. Post your opinion on the topics, and what you have learned from the week’s discussion topics. Similar to your Discussion topics, this posting should be substantial in length [300-500 words] and meet APA guidelines and graduate standards in writing. It should also be respectful and supportive in tone. Week 3 Forum Week 3-A: Find a news article [no more than 2 years old] related to this week’s topic: Healthcare Information Technologies in an era of healthcare reform. First BRIEFLY summarize your referenced article then discuss YOUR reaction/opinion of the article. Do you agree or disagree with the author? Why/why not? Week 3-B: The burden of rising healthcare costs is more disconcerting to rural healthcare organizations. With that in mind, how does rural tele-health efforts keep up with that of the urban tele-health movement. Week 3 Reflection September 17th is Constitution Day. The educational activity for Constitution Day provides you the opportunity to reflect on your thoughts regarding healthcare and the Constitution in your reflection. Reflect on the week’s activity and the following questions: Does health care fall under “general Welfare” as references in Article I of the Constitution and if so, should the federal government fund health care for those who cannot afford it? Is health care a fundamental right under the 14th amendment? Post your opinion on the topics, questions, and what you have learned from the week’s discussion topics. Similar to your Discussion topics, this posting should be substantial in length [300-500 words] and meet APA guidelines and graduate standards in writing. It should also be respectful and supportive in tone. Week 4 Forum Week 4-A: Research has indicated that although the government is aware of possible infectious epidemic attacks [For example think Eboli], local healthcare systems are not prepared to respond to this type of bioterrorist attack. Is this a true statement? Is there a national emergency plan in place for healthcare delivery? If so, what is the plan and who is responsible for its implementation? Week 4-B: The textbook indicated that with continued advances in medicine “…inpatient care will diminish and hospitals are likely to downsize.” The text also stated that the hospital “…will play a very different role in the future as part of an integrated collection of providers and site of care.” Describe what the hospital of the future looks like. Are hospitals important community assets that should be maintained at any cost? Or should they be allowed to close if they are not financially viable? Week 4 Reflection Reflect on the week’s activity. Post your opinion on the topics, and what you have learned from the week’s discussion topics. Similar to your Discussion topics, this posting should be substantial in length [300-500 words] and meet APA guidelines and graduate standards in writing. It should also be respectful and supportive in tone. Week 5 Forum Week 5-A: Congress is cutting hospital reimbursements, and hospital systems are merging to survive. Ambulatory care settings provide healthcare on an outpatient basis. In fact more than half of all surgical procedures are now performed in ambulatory surgery facilities. Ambulatory care settings include but are not limited to physician offices, urgent care centers, dialysis facilities, ambulatory surgical centers, cancer clinics, imaging centers, endoscopy clinics, public health clinics, and other types of outpatient clinics. What is responsible for these current trends, and is it good, bad, inevitable? As a result of the large variety of ambulatory healthcare settings, is the quality of patient care better or worse? Week 5-B: In spite of nursing’s vital importance to hospitals, nurses face excessive paperwork, managerial and staffing responsibilities, as well as supervision of lesser trained techs and aides. These tasks [and other duties as assigned] require an inordinate amount of time spent in functions other than direct patient care. These frustrations are combined with long work hours, stagnant salaries, and other difficulties. As the Chief Nursing Officer for your health organization, provide three [3] possible solutions to these growing issues. Week 5 Reflection Reflect on the week’s activity. Post your opinion on the topics, and what you have learned from the week’s discussion topics. Similar to your Discussion topics, this posting should be substantial in length [300-500 words] and meet APA guidelines and graduate standards in writing. It should also be respectful and supportive in tone. Week 6 Forum Week 6-A: Combining laboratory results from various locations [testing sites] with clinical information from other disciplines and sources is a challenge. How can healthcare organizations successfully manage all of this clinical data and maintain patient confidentiality? Week 6-B: Healthcare materials manufacturers and distributors are moving from a supply oriented service to value oriented service and supply process. To assist facilities manage rising costs, reduction of cost is necessary. However, this reduction comes at the expense of the patient/client. Why does cost reduction hurt the patient [or does it] and is this transition really necessary? Why/Why not? Week 6 Reflection Reflect on the week’s activity. Post your opinion on the topics, and what you have learned from the week’s discussion topics. Similar to your Discussion topics, this posting should be substantial in length [300-500 words] and meet APA guidelines and graduate standards in writing. It should also be respectful and supportive in tone. Week 7 Forum There is only one [1] forum question this week. Find and summarize in 1 – 2 paragraphs an article that best describes your hope for the future of healthcare in the USA. For credit be sure to attach the article or article link [NOT website!] Remember; No article – No points! ~and~ Website – No points! Week 7 Reflection Note: THIS reflection is about your thoughts on the course. Reflect on the entire course activity and in the course reflection discussion forum. Post your opinion on the topics, and what you have learned this semester. Similar to your Discussion topics, this posting should be substantial in length [300-500 words] and meet APA guidelines and graduate standards in writing. It should also be respectful and supportive in tone.

Dietary Patterns and Cardiovascular disease

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Topic: Dietary Patterns and Cardiovascular disease
The paper must include a title page, abstract, main text (background/introduction, methods, discussion, conclusion), and references.

A structured abstract is required at the beginning of the paper! The abstract should not exceed 300 words. The abstract must be self-contained and clear without reference to the text and should be written in such a way that a general reader can understand the concept of the paper.

The abstract format should include four sections: “Objective” (the purpose or aim of your paper), “Research Design and Methods” (literature research,..), “Results/Discussion”, and “Conclusions” (Validity, Limits and Perspectives of the paper).
Papers should be written in clear, concise English. Please read the articles that are uploaded in the module section: “How to write a scientific Paper”!

A good structure to follow for the main document after the structured abstract would be:

Background
Methods
Discussion
Conclusion
All manuscripts must be spaced at 1.5, in Times New Roman 12-point font, and saved as Word.doc. In addition, please do not “lock” or “page protect” your document.

Abbreviations and Units. Abbreviations should be used only when necessary, e.g., for long chemical names, procedures, or terms used throughout the article. All abbreviations must be defined at first use. Abbreviate units of measure only when used with numbers. Abbreviations may be used in tables and figures.

Title Page. Every paper must have an accompanying title page. The title page should include the title; the first name, middle initial, last name, and highest academic degree of the author; and e-mail address. Please include the word count.

Font. Text, including title and author names, should be in 12-point Times New Roman. Please avoid using boldface font. Text in tables should be no smaller than 10-point font.

Margins. Margins should be 1″ at the top and bottom and 1″ on the left and right sides.

Section Headers. Except for the Abstract, new sections should not begin on new pages. Each new section should immediately follow the end of the previous section.

References. The reference list should go at the end of the document, after the main text. Limit your references to not more than 30 references and not less than 10 references.

Use EndNote as your reference manager of choice. If you have not already done so, please download and install EndNote X7 from the LLU website. The software is free for all LLU students. You will find all necessary information regarding download, installation and use of the software here:

http://libguides.llu.edu/content.php?pid=25294

If you have any questions regarding its use please contact: gsehgal@llu.edu

Alternatively you may want to use the open source program JabRef which you can download here: http://jabref.sourceforge.net/

Please familiarize yourselves with either software ahead of time as you will need to use it! No assistance in regards to the use of the software will be given by the instructors.

Reference numbers in the text should appear in chronological order in normal type and in parentheses [e.g., “In the study by Norton et al. (23)…”]. Please do not use the word footnote or word endnote function to cite studies or create a reference list. A reference manager must have the ability to customize the display of references. For example, the reference application should have the option to list the references at the end of the paper, as opposed to listing the references as endnotes or footnotes at the bottom of each page, and should not embed the list in the text as a series of endnotes/footnotes. When using your reference manager (e.g., Thomson’s EndNote Reference Program), don’t forget to generate the list as a bibliography in a style that is similar to the Vancouver Style which is preferred in the medical sciences.

See:

Learning Resource Centre – references according to the Vancouver Style
Vancouver Style – PDF File
Uniform Requirements for Manuscripts Submitted to Biomedical Journals
Tables. Table legends should be inserted below the table and not be included inside the table. Tables should be created using Word and the “Insert Table” command. Please use Times New Roman font, no smaller than 10-point. Symbols for units should be confined to column headings. Each row should contain only 1 line of information.

Abbreviations should be kept to a minimum and defined in the table legend. For footnotes, use the following symbols consecutively, left to right, top to bottom of the table: *, †, ‡, §, ||, ¶, #, **, ††, etc.

Analyze the business document below (scroll down), applying all steps of the critical thinking model described in Asking the Right Questions by Browne and Keeley (2012) 10th edition.

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Scroll down to see the Penn-Mart memo
Analyze the business document below (scroll down), applying all steps of the critical thinking model described in Asking the Right Questions by Browne and Keeley (2012) 10th edition.
In a short paper (7 double spaced pages) the steps of the critical thinking model to assess the arguments made in the critical thinking assignment document. There will be 10 or 11 steps, depending upon the edition of your book. You must include all of the steps. Although not necessary for a passing grade, answers to some of the questions may be enhanced by doing additional research.

Remember that your task here is to evaluate the author’s argument as objectively as possible, not to give your own opinions on the issue. Be sure to use the analytical framework from the book, not your own thoughts on the issue.

Prepare your paper in the format your instructor requires and post it in Assignments. The citations and the reference list in the paper should be formatted in accordance with the APA guidelines.

Submit your write-up to Turnitin, correct all issues of proper citation and ensure that the write-up is in your own words before posting in your Assignments. After all corrections are made, based on the Turnitin report, only then should you post in your Assignment Folder by the specified due date. Be sure to allow enough time for you to make corrections based on the Turnitin Report before submitting this assignment. This paper is due by 11:59 PM on the last day of the week.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

PENN-MART

Recommendation for Revision of Penn-Mart’s
Health Care Strategy
Memorandum to the Board of Directors
from Salvador Monella, SVP, Human Resources
January 6, 2014
1. Purpose
This memorandum is to update you on our efforts to review and revise Penn-Mart’s healthcare benefits strategy. Last fall the board asked my office to examine what Penn-Mart could do to control the spiraling costs of employee healthcare benefits. In response to the board’s concerns about unfavorable cost trends, I recently led a team in evaluating Penn-Mart’s approach to benefits, and developing a plan to revise the Penn-Mart healthcare strategy. We are prepared to share with you a brief, high level overview of our considerations and our final recommendations. In short, we recommend that Penn-Mart institute a wellness initiative consisting of a mandatory health screening program for all employees enrolled in the company-sponsored health plans.

1. Findings
Our internal research has showed that wages and benefits make up roughly 40 percent of our annual budget. Growth in benefits costs is unacceptable and is driven by fundamental and persistent root causes such as an aging workforce with increasing average tenure. Benefits costs could consume as much as 15 percent of our total profits in 2015. Employee surveys demonstrate that employees are overall highly satisfied with their benefits. The least healthy, least productive employees are more satisfied with their benefits than other segments and are interested in longer careers with Penn-Mart. It is not fair to the young and fit, to allow those who are not to be a drag on earnings. Our research indicates employees overall are highly opposed to traditional cost-control measures such as higher deductibles for health insurance.
Data from our underwriters indicates that individuals who voluntarily neglect their health account for the greatest impact on the growth in benefits costs. This group includes smokers, those who do not exercise, and those who defer preventative care. Therefore we should require preventative care of everyone at Penn-Mart. The best way to do this is through a mandatory wellness program. Penn-Mart has for ten years offered wellness programs on a voluntary basis. Data from our group health underwriters indicates that participation in these voluntary programs peaked at 5% of total FTE’s in 2006.[1] It is time to get everyone involved.

1. Recommendations
Our recommendations are expected to have significant positive impact on the health care cost curve for Penn-Mart.
Our team recommends:
• That every current benefits-enrolled employee be required to complete biometric health screening no later than December 31, 2014 at a company-contracted third party medical facility.
o Biometric screening includes: finger stick blood tests for cholesterol and glucose; weight, height, and waist measurement; and a blood pressure reading.
• That every current benefits-enrolled employee be required to complete an online health profile.
o Such profile will collect additional information to provide a more complete picture of employee health (e.g. whether employee smokes, conducts appropriate physical self-examinations).
o Certify that the employee has had an annual physical examination.
• That the new initiative be given a friendly name such as “Get Well” to promote employee acceptance of the program.
• That employees who do not comply with the terms of “Get Well” be given the options of
o Pay a $1,000 annual health surcharge; or
o Decline employer-sponsored health coverage for the following calendar year;
o Resignation; or
o Termination.

1. Discussion
The objective of the “Get Well” program is to make employees more aware of their own health status and to help them identify issues that they could mitigate on their own to become more fit.
The “Get Well” initiative completely aligns with other current public health and fitness initiatives such as Mayor Bloomberg’s ban on large soft drinks and the First Lady’s “Let’s Move” campaign.
There have been numerous research studies on obesity published in scholarly journals such as the Journal of the American Medical Association and the New England Journal of Medicine.
We firmly believe that many Penn-Mart employees want to get fit and that the “Get Well” initiative will provide the necessary incentives for them to take charge of their own wellness. Giving a blood sample and filling out a survey form is not intrusive or burdensome – these are two things that people do routinely. Those who might oppose “Get Well” are either unfit, or they have something to hide in their medical history. To quote the famous Charles Darwin, “survival of the fittest” is a natural part of evolution.
“Get Well” will make all Penn-Mart employees feel better about themselves.
These recommendations have been thoroughly researched and represent state-of-the-art in our field. We are confident in your concurrence.

________________________________________
[1] 2006 was the year of Penn-Mart’s participation in the local Corporate Challenge road race in which some managers chose to consider participation in the race as a minor part of the annual employee performance review process; this initiative was scrapped due to a frivolous legal challenge by those who are not runners.