Question 21.21. The Illinois Juvenile Court Act of 1899 ruled that: (Points : 1)
children should not be held accountable as adult transgressors
the objective of the juvenile justice system is to punish
the juvenile justice system should be similar to the adult system
youths are protected against unreasonable search and seizures
Question 22.22. The most damaging criticism has been that diversion programs are involving children in the juvenile justice system who previously would have been released without official notice. This is referred to as: (Points : 1)
diversion
discretion
net widening
Probation
none of the above statements are false
Question 23.23. There are three alternatives for providing children with legal counsel. Which of the following is not of these alternatives? (Points : 1)
an all-public defender program
an appointed private-counsel system
a combination of public defenders and appointed private attorneys
a juvenile’s legal guardian can defend him/her
Question 24.24. Programs involving outdoor expeditions that provide opportunities for juveniles to confront the difficulties of their lives while achieving positive personal satisfaction are generally referred to as: (Points : 1)
milieu therapy
wilderness probation
boot camps
house arrest
Question 25.25. The major functions of the juvenile justice system are to prevent juvenile crime and to ______juvenile offenders. (Points : 1)
punish
profit from
adopt
rehabilitate
Question 26.26. Nearly all juvenile institutions implement some form of _______ program. (Points : 1)
punishment
parenting
treatment
monitoring
Question 27.27. __________________ probation systems integrate community protection, the accountability of the juvenile offender, and individualized attention to the juvenile. (Points : 1)
Integrated
Balanced
Rehabilitative
Institutionalized
Question 28.28. The Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act of 2002 was an effort aimed at improving ______ disparity in juvenile disposition. (Points : 1)
gender
ethnic
age
racial
Question 29.29. A policy known as __________________ mandates that a youth should not be put in a secure institution if a community based program is available. (Points : 1)
coddling tendency
funneling process
ratcheting effect
least restrictive alternative
Question 30.30. Why was probation introduced as a legal concept in Massachusetts near the mid-19th Century? (Points : 1)
To help young people avoid imprisonment and criminal punishment like that received by adults
To alleviate overcrowding in Massachusetts prisons
Prison as an institution had not yet been established/invented
To turn away from torture as a means of juvenile punishment