Critical evaluation of the Soil Association Report “E.coli superbugs on farms and food

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Critical evaluation of the Soil Association Report “E.coli superbugs on farms and food”

The soil Association produced the report “E.coli superbugs on farms and food” in 2012 (See report on Moodle site). In the report is a summary of eight recommendations (see Page 3) and an executive summary of the report (see Pages 10-17) including recommendations to the Government, Retailers, farming and veterinary industries (Pages 18 and 19).

Considering this report and any other additional relevant literature you can find, please address the following questions based on the Summary recommendations on page 3 in the report.

Answer the questions in bullet point format. Maximum word limit is 1,500 words.

1) Under the current UK regulatory system for farm antibiotic use what steps does;

  1. i) a veterinary surgeon have to take when prescribing an antimicrobial for an animal; ii) a farmer have to take when treating an animal?

2) The report states “It should be recognized that a move towards higher welfare and less intensive production systems has the potential to reduce the use of antibiotics in agriculture significantly”.

What evidence can you find that less intensive production systems equate to higher welfare systems? (Give evidence as a maximum of 3 bullet points including a reference for each of your statements).

3) The report states “The preventative use of antibiotics in healthy animals should be phased out, and the overall use of antibiotics on farms should be halved within five years.”

If this were to become an EU policy, list four points you would need to consider in the implementation of this policy.

4) The report states “The use of modern cephalosporins and fluoroquinolones

should be greatly reduced and their off-label use prohibited”.

  1. i) List three reasons why cephalosporins and fluoroquinlones are widely used in veterinary practice (give evidence for your reason).
  2. ii) Propose one way you would suggest that might limit the use of these products.

5) The report states “…Advertisements to veterinary surgeons should be purely factual and not emotive in any way.”

Find one example of an advertisement for an antimicrobial product to veterinary surgeons or farmers that you think is emotive and one that is not, giving your interpretation of each advertisement.

6) Many dairy farmers feed waste milk to their calves. (Waste milk is milk from cows that are being treated with antimicrobial products). It is suggested this is a risk factor for increasing spread of antimicrobial resistance. Can you suggest how you might enforce a ban on this practice?

7) This report was produced by the Soil Association – why might they write such a report?

The example of knowledge management is Prescribing Decision Support Systems ( PDSS ) .

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The example of knowledge management is Prescribing Decision Support Systems ( PDSS ) .

Please follow these instructions ,
The essay should cover all these instructions :
1- Introduction: The introduction should contain the definition of Prescribing Decision Support Systems ( PDSS ).Address the assignment question, show why it’s interesting and how you will answer by addressing the headings in the main body . Tell the reader what you will discuss in this assignment(i.e. How you plan on answering the question). The word count in the introduction should be 200 .

2- Main body :
These headings should be considered in the main body :
a- Patient safety : This section should discuss and analysis as critically about the impact of Prescribing Decision Support Systems on patient safety . ( word count = 400 ).

b- Cost effectiveness : This section should discuss and analysis as critically also about the impact of Prescribing Decision Support Systems on Cost effectiveness .( word count = 400 ).

c- Following guidelines : This section should discuss and analysis as critically also about the impact of Prescribing Decision Support Systems on Following guidelines .( word count = 400 ).

d-Medical errors : This section should discuss and analysis as critically also about the impact of Prescribing Decision Support Systems on Medical errors.( word count = 400 ). If this heading you think should discuss and analysis within patient safety title , you can change and discuss here about the challenges of Prescribing decision support system and write about medical errors in patient safety heading.

3- Conclusion : The conclusion should summarise the main points in the main body and draws together ideas in a meaningful way… ( word count = 200 ).

Discuss how nurses can become involved to influence change

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Nursing 290
Current Trends in Nursing Paper Instructions
Instructions: Select one topic covered in this course related to a current issue or trend in nursing. Write a 6-7 page paper to include the following:
1. Identify the issue or trend selected and discuss why this is considered important to nursing and/or health care.
2. Briefly discuss factors that influence the selected issue or trend. Provide statistics about the issue, if available.
3. Discuss some possible solutions to the selected problem.
4. Discuss how nurses can become involved to influence change, if needed.
5. The paper should be 6-7 double-spaced pages. APA format and appropriate references and citations should be used.

Please include a title page and reference page not included in paper content page count use APA format. A running head is necessary as well.

Compare and contrast past delivery methods with current delivery models and assess the effectiveness of the current methods in light of expected future changes.

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Overview

The one thing you can count on in the U.S. healthcare delivery model is change. Understanding the forces of change in care delivery will be important for healthcare managers. In this assignment, you will give a historical perspective of U.S. healthcare delivery for the past 100 years. You will also compare and contrast past delivery methods with current delivery models.

Action Items

  1. Complete the assigned readings for this week.
  2. Write a 3 page research paper that includes the following elements:
    • Introduction paragraph that outlines the historical aspect of care delivery in the U.S. for the past 100 years.
    • 1 or 2 paragraphs that identify the driving forces of change over the past century.
    • Identify the changes in healthcare delivery that have resulted from the industry forces.
    • Compare and contrast past delivery methods with current delivery models and assess the effectiveness of the current methods in light of expected future changes.
  3. Your paper must followAPA guidelines, and include:
    • Cover page (with your name, course, section, date submitted, and your professor’s name)
    • Reference page

Note: Your cover and reference pages are not counted in your paper length.