The Ethics of Abortion

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The Ethics of Abortion
In your lectures this week, beginning of life, fundamental rights, and Roe vs. Wade provided a perspective of ethical issues. Whether a legal right or a law, the ethical issues surrounding the beginning of life are complex, emotional, and potentially costly.

Regardless of your position on abortion, describe the ethical factors involved with your views on ethical concerns at the beginning of life. Please include who you believe the primary patient to be and what you might consider factors in decisions about quality of life for the unborn and risk to the mother.

2) End of Life Issues in Healthcare

Consider the role of hospice and palliative medicine at the end-of-life.

What are your beliefs on care after a terminal diagnosis is made? Now, research the state of Nevada’s advance directive law (or that of a state of your choice). Describe the law in your words and describe the functions of the form.

Does the form contain information on power of attorney? Does the form contain information on the living will? Should extraordinary care continue, or are comfort measure only the best option?
The Court in Roe vs. Wade concluded that the right to privacy doctrine included a “qualified” right to abortion. The Court ruled in that case that a Texas statute, which prohibited all abortions except those to protect the mother’s life, was unconstitutional because it infringed on a woman’s right to an abortion, even at points where a compelling state interest had not attached.

Abortion cases decided several years after Roe reflected a greater acceptance of state laws, which impacted the right to abortion. This was largely due to the changing composition of the Supreme Court. Justice Rehnquist, one of the dissenters in the Roe decision, became the Chief Justice in 1986. Viewed as a highly conservative member of the Court, Rehnquist wrote a decision for the majority in Webster v. Reproductive Health Services, 492 U.S. 490 (1989). The Court upheld a Missouri statute, which stated that human life began at conception, barred the use of state property for abortions, and required viability testing for advanced pregnancies. In a sharp departure from the analysis of the majority in Roe, Rehnquist found that the state had a compelling interest in fetal life throughout the pregnancy, in contrast to throughout the first-trimester-of-pregnancy approach in Roe. Although the Court did not overturn Roe in the Webster decision, it did question Roe’s legal and logical underpinnings.

Roe v. Wade gave women a fundamental right to abortion based on the right to privacy. The Court set up the trimester approach, in which the woman’s right to privacy is strongest during the first trimester. During the second trimester, the government had an interest in protecting the life of the child, which is weighed against the mother’s right to privacy. Abortion is allowed in the third trimester only to preserve the life of the mother.

DHHS Article related to Cost and Quality

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Mandates and Cost:

 

The Department of Health and Human Services has oversight of several agencies (i.e., FDA, CDC, AHRQ, NIH, CMS) that regulate health care in the United States. Regulation encompasses insurance plans, cost, research, safety, all in the name of delivering quality care in a cost effective manner. These agencies are responsible for monitoring compliance and enforcing legislative mandates. However, the debate continues on government regulation and its effect on ensuring quality care. After completing this week’s reading, review the following articles listed below, which were published 11 years apart. Analyze the cost-quality paradigm noted in the articles. Considering the many governmental mandates and regulations to reduce costs and ensure the delivery of quality care that have been implemented over the years, discuss your opinion regarding why costs have continued to rise without improving quality. List two examples that illustrate your point.

  • DHHS Article related to Cost and Quality (2002)
  • Institute of Medicine article (2013)

Your initial post should be 250-300 words and utilize at least one scholarly source from the Ashford University Library that supports your point. Cite all sources in APA format as outlined in the Ashford Writing Center.

Guided Response: Choose two classmates and respond to this question: Do you agree or disagree with their rationale for the disparity between cost and quality in health care. Explain your answer. List at least one scholarly source that justifies your statements.

How Effective is Complementary & Alternative Medicine

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How Effective is Complementary & Alternative Medicine

Effectiveness of CAM Treatments

Discuss how CAM can improve people’s health and well-being, as well as how it impacts their lives psychologically, physiologically, socially, and professionally.

 

Support your position with at least two scholarly or peer-reviewed sources, in addition to the textbook and this week’s required/recommended readings.

 

TEXT:

Micozzi, M. S. (2010). Fundamentals of complementary and alternative medicine. (4th ed.). St. Louis, MO: Saunders Elsevier.

 

Treatment Plan

Create a treatment plan for an elderly, female patient who has been diagnosed with cancer.  The patient is scheduled to have surgery in two weeks, and will begin receiving chemotherapy and radiation therapy soon after surgery.  Select the two CAM modalities from those presented throughout the course that you think will best meet the patient’s needs as they proceed through treatment to assist them in reducing stress, heal from surgery, deal with the side effects of the chemo- and radiation therapy, and cope with the emotions of this diagnosis.  You only need to discuss the two best CAM modalities for this patient and analyze their effectiveness in the given situation.

 

Support your position with at least two scholarly or peer-reviewed sources, in addition to the textbook and this week’s required/recommended readings.

Identify and address ethical issues relevant to a study and an ethics application

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School of Nursing and Midwifery

Subject Outline

CHIP915 Essential Skills for Health Researchers – Autumn 2014

Section A: Subject Information

Credit Points: 6

Delivery Method: Flexible/Distance

Campus Locations: Wollongong

Pre-requisite(s): Nil

Co-requisite(s): Nil

Subject Contacts

Subject Coordinator/Lecturer

Name: Dr Sharon Bourgeois

Location: School of Nursing and Midwifery, Building 41, Room 111

Consultation mode and times: Availability is posted on the Moodle site

Telephone: 61 2 4221 5094

Email: sharon_bourgeois@uow.edu.au

eLearning Space

This subject has materials and activities available via eLearning. To access eLearning you must have

a UOW user account name and password, and be enrolled in the subject. eLearning is accessed via

SOLS (student online services). Log on to SOLS and then click on the eLearning link in the menu

column.

For information regarding the eLearning spaces please use the following link:

Moodle – http://uowblogs.com/moodlelab/files/2013/05/Moodle_StudentGuide-1petpo7.pdf

Learning Outcomes

On completion of this subject, students should be able to:

(a) Critically discuss concepts, processes and designs for research

(b) Critically analyse and integrate the literature relevant to a study;

(c) Formulate a researchable question

(d) Compare and contrast strengths and limitations of various research designs

(e) Identify and address ethical issues relevant to a study and an ethics application

(f) Interpret study results within the context of the research approach used and the existing body of

knowledge relevant to the study

(g) Develop a research proposal that reflects the principles of research.

Graduate Qualities

The University of Wollongong has developed five graduate qualities

(http://www.uow.edu.au/student/qualities/index.html) which it considers express valuable qualities that

are essential for UOW graduates in gaining employment and making an important contribution to

society and their chosen field. Student development of the following graduate qualities in particular

will be enhanced by their participation in this subject:

1. Informed: Have a sound knowledge of an area of study or profession and understand its

current issues, locally and internationally. Know how to apply this knowledge. Understand

how an area of study has developed and how it relates to other areas.

2. Independent learners: Engage with new ideas and ways of thinking and critically analyse

issues. Seek to extend knowledge through ongoing research, enquiry and reflection. Find and

evaluate information, using a variety of sources and technologies. Acknowledge the work and

ideas of others.

3. Problem solvers: Take on challenges and opportunities. Apply creative, logical and critical

thinking skills to respond effectively. Make and implement decisions. Be flexible, thorough,

innovative and aim for high standards.

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4. Effective communicators: Articulate ideas and convey them effectively using a range of

media. Work collaboratively and engage with people in different settings. Recognise how

culture can shape communication.

5. Responsible: Understand how decisions can affect others and make ethically informed

choices. Appreciate and respect diversity. Act with integrity as part of local, national, global

and professional communities.

Mandatory Minimum Attendance Requirements

Distance delivery: It is expected that students will allocate 12 hours per week to this subject to

complete the study guide requirements, complete your assignments and prepare for an examination

where applicable.

Flexible delivery: Dates for study days and weeks will be listed on the Online Calendar, found via the

Subject Descriptions link on the Course Handbook page. It is expected that students will allocate 12

hours per week to this subject to complete the study guide requirements, complete your assignments

and prepare for an examination where applicable.

Lecture, Tutorial, Laboratory Times

All timetable information is subject to variation. Check the latest information on the university web

timetable via the Timetable link under Study Resources on the Current Students webpage or log into

SOLS to view your personal timetable prior to attending classes, as of publishing the following

applied.

Prescribed Readings (includes eReadings)

Polit DF & Beck CT 2012. Nursing research. Generating and assessing evidence for nursing practice.

9th edn. Wolters Kluwer Health. Lippincott & Williams, Sydney

Key References

See eReadings on the elearning site for additional references (as starting references).

Recommended readings are not intended as an exhaustive list, students should use the Library

catalogue and databases to locate additional resources.

Distance students studying within Australia should refer to the information and resources found via

the Library link on the UOW homepage regarding off-campus library services available.

Distance students studying outside Australia should contact their subject coordinator, as

arrangements for library services may be available within their own country.

Textbooks and Materials to be purchased by students

Textbooks

Polit DF & Beck CT 2012. Nursing research. Generating and assessing evidence for nursing practice.

9th edn. Wolters Kluwer Health. Lippincott & Williams, Sydney

Materials

Nil

Recent Changes to this Subject

Change: Revision of subject content and Moodle site activities.

Reason: To augment student learning experiences

Student Support and Advice

SMAH Central

Location: 41.152

Telephone: 61 2 4221 3492

Email: smah-students@uow.edu.au

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Section B: Assessment

Details of Assessment Tasks

Assessment 1 Essay (Literature Review)

Format Essay

Due date 14 April 2014

Weighting 40{0e601fc7fe3603dc36f9ca2f49ef4cd268b5950ef1bbcf1f795cc00e94cdd119}

Length 2000 words

Details

Literature review of a health topic of interest. Identification of a gap in the literature and

the development of a researchable question

Submission

You will submit assessments via the Turnitin assessment drop box on the subject

Moodle site. This will submit your assessment to Turnitin and you will receive a report.

Following the receipt of your Turnitin report you may revise your assessment and then

submit you final version together with the Turnitin report through the final assessment

drop box.

Complete the integrity quiz under Assessment 1 on the eLearning site which will open

the drop box for the assignment submission following successful completion of the quiz.

Name your file as follows “student email username_assignment number” (e.g.

its999_ass3). Access the eLearning space, locate the relevant drop box for the

assignment, click on , select your file, and click on .

Turnitin is Internet-based text-matching software which may be used for detecting

plagiarism at UOW. Please see the short video in Moodle which provides information

about the concept of plagiarism and the use of Turnitin in learning and writing skills.

Assessment 2 Research Proposal

Format Essay

Due date 26 May 2014

Weighting 60{0e601fc7fe3603dc36f9ca2f49ef4cd268b5950ef1bbcf1f795cc00e94cdd119}

Length 2500 words

Details

Develop a justified research proposal based on the researchable question developed in

Assessment 1.

Submission

You will submit assessments via the Turnitin assessment drop box on the subject

Moodle site. This will submit your assessment to Turnitin and you will receive a report.

Following the receipt of your Turnitin report you may revise your assessment and then

submit you final version together with the Turnitin report through the final assessment

drop box.

Complete the integrity quiz under Assessment 1 on the eLearning site which will open

the drop box for the assignment submission following successful completion of the quiz.

.

Name your file as follows “student email username_assignment number” (e.g.

its999_ass3). Access the eLearning space, locate the relevant drop box for the

assignment, click on , select your file, and click on .

Turnitin is Internet-based text-matching software which may be used for detecting

plagiarism at UOW. Please see the short video in Moodle which provides information

about the concept of plagiarism and the use of Turnitin in learning and writing skills.

Assessment tasks will be marked using explicit criteria that will be provided to students prior to

submission.

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Minimum Requirements for a Pass in this Subject

To receive a clear pass in this subject a total mark of 50{0e601fc7fe3603dc36f9ca2f49ef4cd268b5950ef1bbcf1f795cc00e94cdd119} or more must be achieved. In addition,

students must meet all of the minimum performance requirements as listed below. Failure to meet any

of the minimum performance requirements is grounds for awarding a Technical Fail (TF) in the subject

even where total marks accumulated are greater than 50{0e601fc7fe3603dc36f9ca2f49ef4cd268b5950ef1bbcf1f795cc00e94cdd119}.

A Technical Fail (TF) grade will be awarded for the subject even where the total marks accumulated

are 50{0e601fc7fe3603dc36f9ca2f49ef4cd268b5950ef1bbcf1f795cc00e94cdd119} or higher, if one or more of the following criteria are not met:

• does not attempt all assessment tasks

Minimum Requirements: Student Participation

Students who do not meet minimum attendance requirements may be awarded a Technical Fail (TF)

for this subject.

Regular student participation is required through active engagement with activities, readings,

podcasts as posted on the Moodle site.

Students who do not meet minimum participation through engagement with the Moodle site activities

as identified by the Moodle site analytics may be awarded a technical fail (TF) for this subject.

Minimum Participation: Student participation at workshops is not an assessable component of this

course, but is highly recommended. Students who do not meet minimum participation requirements

may be awarded a Technical Fail (TF) for this subject.

Minimum requirements are:

• submit all assessments

• Actively engage with the Moodle site activities, podcasts, eReadings and other

activities (75{0e601fc7fe3603dc36f9ca2f49ef4cd268b5950ef1bbcf1f795cc00e94cdd119} benchmark set based on Moodle site analytics)

Students who do not meet the overall minimum performance level requirements outlined above may

be given a Technical Fail (TF) grade on their academic transcript even where the total marks

accumulated are 50{0e601fc7fe3603dc36f9ca2f49ef4cd268b5950ef1bbcf1f795cc00e94cdd119} or higher. Where a Technical Fail is awarded, the grade is displayed as TF but

a mark is not displayed on the academic transcript. For the purposes of calculating a Weighted

Average Mark (WAM) a TF is allocated a mark of 49.

Scaling

Scaling will not occur in this subject.

Late Submission

Late submission of an assessment task without an approved extension of the deadline is not

acceptable. Marks will be deducted for late submission at the rate of 5{0e601fc7fe3603dc36f9ca2f49ef4cd268b5950ef1bbcf1f795cc00e94cdd119} of the total possible marks

for that particular assessment task per day. This means that if a piece of work is marked out of 100,

then the late penalty will be 5 marks per day (5{0e601fc7fe3603dc36f9ca2f49ef4cd268b5950ef1bbcf1f795cc00e94cdd119} of 100 possible marks per day). The formula for

calculating the late penalty is the total possible marks x 0.05 x number of days late. For example:

Student A submits an assignment which is marked out of 100. The assignment is submitted 7 days

late. This means that a late penalty of 35 marks will apply (100 x 0.05 x 7). The assignment is marked

as per normal out of 100 and is given a mark of 85/100, and then the late penalty is applied. The

result is that the student receives a final mark of 50/100 for the assignment (85 (original mark) – 35

marks (late penalty) = 50/100 (final mark)).

Student B submits a report which is marked out of 20. The report is submitted three days late. This

means that a late penalty of 3 marks will apply ((20 x 0.05 x 3). The report is marked as per normal

out of 20 and is given a mark of 17/20, and then the late penalty is applied. The result is that the

student receives a final mark of 14/20 for the report (17 (original mark) – 3 marks (late penalty) =

14/20 (final mark)).

For the purposes of this policy a weekend (Saturday and Sunday) will be regarded as two days.

No marks will be awarded for work submitted either: a) after the assessment has been returned to the

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students or b) more than two weeks after the due date, whichever is the sooner. Notwithstanding this,

students must complete all assessment tasks to a satisfactory standard and submit them, regardless

of lateness or loss of marks, where submission is a condition of satisfactorily completing the subject.

Supplementary Assessments

Students can log on to SOLS and click on the link titled “Supplementary Assessment” to view any

applicable offers or use the following

link; http://www.uow.edu.au/student/exams/suppassess/index.html

System of Referencing Used for Written Work

The School of Nursing and Midwifery uses the Harvard system of referencing, unless otherwise

specified for a particular assignment – check ‘Details of Assessment Tasks’.

The Harvard system can be accessed via the Library homepage, Related Links, Referencing and

citing: http://www.library.uow.edu.au/resourcesbytopic/UOW026621.html.

ubmission of Assignments

Specific submission instructions have been included in the assignment details section of this outline.

Students are also expected to keep a copy of all their submitted assignments in the event that resubmission

is required.

Assessment Return

Assessments will be returned via eLearning within 21 days of the due date.

Section C: General Advice

Students should refer to the Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health website for information on

policies, learning and support services and other general advice.

University Policies

Students should be familiar with the following University policies:

a. Code of Practice – Teaching and Assessment

http://www.uow.edu.au/about/policy/UOW058666.html

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b. Code of Practice – Research, where relevant

http://www.uow.edu.au/about/policy/UOW058663.html

c. Code of Practice – Honours, where relevant

http://www.uow.edu.au/about/policy/UOW058661.html

d. Student Charter

http://www.uow.edu.au/student/charter/index.html

e. Code of Practice – Student Professional Experience, where relevant

http://www.uow.edu.au/about/policy/UOW058662.html

f. Academic Integrity and Plagiarism Policy

http://www.uow.edu.au/about/policy/UOW058648.html

g. Student Academic Consideration Policy

http://www.uow.edu.au/about/policy/UOW058721.html

h. Course Progress Policy

http://www.uow.edu.au/about/policy/UOW058679.html

i. Graduate Qualities Policy

http://www.uow.edu.au/about/policy/UOW058682.html

j. Academic Grievance Policy (Coursework and Honours Students)

http://www.uow.edu.au/about/policy/UOW058653.html

k. Policy and Guidelines on Non-Discriminatory Language Practice and Presentation

http://www.uow.edu.au/about/policy/UOW058706.html

l. Workplace Health and Safety, where relevant

http://staff.uow.edu.au/ohs/index.html

m. Intellectual Property Policy

http://www.uow.edu.au/about/policy/UOW058689.html

n. IP Student Assignment of Intellectual Property Policy, where relevant

http://www.uow.edu.au/about/policy/UOW058690.html

o. Policy on Ethical Objection by Students to the Use of Animal and Animal Products in

Coursework Subjects, where relevant

http://www.uow.edu.au/about/policy/UOW058708.html

p. Human Research Ethics Guidelines, where relevant

http://www.uow.edu.au/research/ethics/human/index.html

q. Animal Research Guidelines, where relevant

http://www.uow.edu.au/research/ethics/UOW009373.html

r. Student Conduct Rules and accompanying Procedures or Research Misconduct Policy for

research students

http://www.uow.edu.au/about/policy/rules/UOW060095.html

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Student Support Services and Facilities

Students can access information on student support services and facilities at the following link. This

includes information on “Academic Support”, “Starting at University, “Help at University” as well as

information and support on “Career’s and Jobs”.

http://www.uow.edu.au/student/services/index.html

Student Etiquette

Guidelines on the use of email to contact teaching staff, mobile phone use in class and information on

the university guide to eLearning ‘Netiquette’ can be found

at http://www.uow.edu.au/student/elearning/netiquette/index.html

Version Control Table

Version

Control

Release Date Author/Reviewer Approved By Amendment

1 20140217 Dr Sharon Bourgeois

(Subject Coordinator)

Miss Emma Purdy

(ADE Rep)

Final 2014 Autumn Iteration