Explain why stormwater pipes are designed to have a velocity between 3 ft/s and 10 ft/s.

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ENVIROMENTAL TECHNOLGY

Question 1 – 500 Words

  1. Write an essay consisting of at least 500 words addressing ALL of the following topics (a. through g.):
    1. If the rainfall intensity is 2.5 inch/hour, watershed area is 8 acres, and rational runoff coefficient is 0.6, compute the peak runoff rate in ft3/s. Use the rational formula.
    2. Explain the concept of time of concentration.
    3. Why would someone want to use the SCS TR 55 graphical method instead of the simpler rational formula for determining peak rate of runoff?
    4. Explain why stormwater pipes are designed to have a velocity between 3 ft/s and 10 ft/s.
    5. Why does land development typically increase the peak runoff rate? What are some methods used to mitigate the increased runoff rate?
    6. Discuss some best management practices (BMPs) for stormwater quality control?
    7. How does the National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP) affect development in flood prone areas? In your response, include discussion of the base flood level.

You are required to use at least your textbook as source material for your response. All sources used, including the textbook, must be referenced; paraphrased and quoted material must have accompanying citations.

Question 2 – 500 Words

  1. Write an essay consisting of at least 500 words addressing ALL of the following topics (a. through h.):
    1. Describe U.S. federal legislation regarding wastewater treatment and disposal.
    2. If 220 mg/L (milligram per liter) of BOD5 enters a wastewater treatment plant at a flow of 18 mgd (million gallons per day), how many pounds of BOD5 enter the plant each day?
    3. Explain the purpose and operation of a comminutor.
    4. What is the purpose of recirculation in a trickling filter?
    5. If the wastewater flow is 5 ML/day (million liters per day), MLSS is 1800 mg/L, BOD5 entering the aeration tank is 130 mg/L, and aeration tank volume is 1.5 ML (million liters), what is the F/M ratio in the tank?
    6. Describe the extended aeration process. When is it used?
    7. What are the pros and cons of wastewater treatment ponds?
    8. Discuss one alternative treatment technology for wastewater treatment beginning on page 264 of our textbook.

Discuss the main areas of progress produced by the Clean Water Act of 1972, as well as the remaining problems

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Question 1 – 200 Words

  1. What are the EPA�s seven criteria pollutants and their sources? Discuss the environmental and health effects of each pollutant. Your response must be at least 200 words in length.

Question 2 – 200 Words

  1. Discuss how a constructed wetland system works to treat municipal wastewater. What advantages does a constructed wetland system have over conventional sewage treatment?
    Your response must be at least 200 words in length.

Question 3 – 200 Words

  1. What are �dead zones,� and how do they form? What are the sources of pollution that cause cultural eutrophication? Your response must be at least 200 words in length.

Question 4 – 200 Words

  1. Discuss the main areas of progress produced by the Clean Water Act of 1972, as well as the remaining problems. Do you think that stronger legislation is required to protect our water resources? Why or why not? Your response must be at least 200 words in length. 20 points

Question 5

  1. Match each term with its definition.
Primary pollutants

 

Secondary pollutants

 

Non-point source emissions

 

Point source emission
Criteria pollutants
A. Pollutants emitted from a smokestack or other concentrated pollution origin
B. Pollutants that are produced in less volume, but are especially toxic or hazardous
C. Pollutants that become hazardous after chemical reactions in the air
D. Pollutants that do not go through a smokestack
E. Pollutants that are released to the air in a harmful form
F. A group of seven major pollutants that contribute the largest volume of air-quality degradation

What are different ways that one can define “smart-growth?”

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  1. Laura Jackson discusses three spatial scales on the aspects of physical and mental health, and social and cultural vibrancy. What are the three spatial hierarchies of human settlements?
  2. Robert Putnam presents 14 indicators of social capital into five categories. Describe each category, including the indicators that comprise it, and explain the role that each plays.

 

  1. Spirn in the article Urban Nature and Human Design  poses the following questions:

 

  • Does nature influence human development, or is man the sole architect of the environment in which he lives?
  • Should man seek to coexist with nature or to dominate nature?
  • Does man exist within nature or apart from it?

 

Based on the readings, how would you go about answering these questions. Do

you think human purpose has come at the expense of environmental degradation?

 

  1. What do we mean by “garden cities?”   How does this approach differ from the traditional form of cities?

 

  1. In Urban Nature and Human Design, Lynch argues for a “good city” form. What does he mean by this, and what are the characteristics of a “good city”?

 

  1. Discuss the various factors of city design, one factor being socio-economic environments. What does the author mean by this?  Explain.

 

  1. Wachs argues that preferences for low-density living and a comprehensive highway program lead to urban sprawl. But he argues that regional rapid transit plans failed to gain acceptance. Why do you think this is the case?

 

  1. After reading Wachs’s article, what factors and values do you think have played a role in the adaption of single-vehicle use rather than public transportation? How can we change the behavior of citizens to become more willing to use mass transit?

 

  1. Community Development covers range of goals and activities. Name each one and explain in details.

 

  1. What are the origins of the urban renewal? What were some of the challenges and realities?

 

  1. What are the differences between community development vs. urban renewal approach?

 

  1. What role does housing play in relation to community development?

 

  1. What are Collateralized Debt Obligations (CDOs)? What are the implications for the municipalities?

 

  1. What factors have played a role in the federal, state, and local governments’ involvement in local economic development efforts?

 

  1. What strategies do communities/community economic development agencies rely on to promote their economic growth? What are some of the pitfalls of these reliances?

 

  1. What are the systematic approaches to economic development planning?

 

  1. What are some of the reasons for growth management? Describe and explain each.

 

  1. What are some of the challenges with local growth management programs?

 

  1. What are different ways that one can define “smart-growth?”

 

  1. What are some of the issues and concerns that proponents of smart growth advocate for?

 

  1. Discuss three pillars of sustainability and its impact and challenges on building a sustainable communities.

 

 

  1. Fordism and Post Fordism and its impact on cities. What were characteristics of these two eras.

Analyze the critical management issues, purpose, functions, and performance measures of different departments within healthcare organizations

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Due Week 4 and worth 160 points

You are the manager of a new primary care clinic located about twenty five (25) miles outside of a small city (population of 50,000). With five (5) family physicians, two (2) nurse practitioners, two (2) physicians’ assistants (PAs), and twenty (20) clinical support staff consisting of RNs, LPNs, and CMAs, the clinic provides primary care services to a diverse community of people living and working outside the city limits. Originally a rural area, the community has been growing and now includes promising opportunities in employment, education, and comfortable living spaces for young families. However, there are still many residents who struggle to make ends meet with older farms that have belonged to families for generations.

The central city includes two (2) large acute care facilities, and one (1) tertiary care facility that is known for its excellent pulmonary care. Both acute care hospitals provide the usual services such as labor and delivery, outpatient surgery, chronic diseases care, etc. and have fully equipped ancillary departments, such as lab and radiology. Up until this point, the residents have used the facilities’ emergency departments for routine illnesses and conditions when their private physicians were not readily available.

Write a five to seven (5-7) page paper in which you:

  1. Analyze some of the key social, political, and economic factors that have led to the proliferation of urgent care facilities and primary care practices over the last 20-30 years.
  2. Create a comprehensive mission statement for the clinic, and discuss how it will facilitate the provision of quality services.
  3. Analyze and discuss one (1) or more directions the clinic might take to grow its business. Determine what factors you would consider when deciding what services to provide in-house and which ones to affiliate with other institutions.
  4. Decide how you will determine if the clinic is meeting its goals. Identify three (3) performance measurements you could use to evaluate the success of the clinic’s services. Begin by naming a goal, and then identify a quantifiable measurement you could use for each to determine if you are coming close or falling short of the goal.
  5. Determine how you would then address whatever opportunities for improvement seem to exist and what processes you would put in place.
  6. Use at least three (3) quality resources in this assignment. Note: Wikipedia and similar Websites do not qualify as quality resources.
  7. Format your assignment according to the following formatting requirements:
    1. Typed, double spaced, using Times New Roman font (size 12), with one-inch margins on all sides.
    2. Include a cover page containing the title of the assignment, the student’s name, the professor’s name, the course title, and the date. The cover page is not included in the required page length.
    3. Include a reference page. Citations and references must follow APA format. The reference page is not included in the required page length.

The specific course learning outcomes associated with this assignment are:

  • Analyze the critical management issues, purpose, functions, and performance measures of different departments within healthcare organizations.
  • Examine the political, economic, and social forces that have influenced the organizational foundations of the United States healthcare system.
  • Explain how public policy has shaped the development of the U.S. healthcare system.
  • Use technology and information resources to research issues in health services organization management.
  • Write clearly and concisely about health services organization management using proper writing mechanics.