Examine how process evaluation differs for impact and outcome evaluations

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Program evaluation should be developed based on and in conjunction with the goals and objectives of the public health program. The PRECEDE-PROCEED model presents a good framework for the match between different program stages and objectives and the different types or levels of evaluation.

In this assignment, you will discuss the different types of evaluation and provide examples of how they may be used to evaluate public health programs. One categorization of evaluation is “process, impact, and outcome.” Another common categorization is formative (process) and summative (impact and outcome).
The distinction between impact and outcome is important for public health programs. ”Impact” refers to the immediate health or behavioral results. “Outcomes” are the long-term effects that may be difficult to measure but are important to identify.

Using the readings for this module, the Internet, and the Argosy University online library resources, review process evaluation, and outcome evaluation. Respond to the following:

Examine how process evaluation differs for impact and outcome evaluations.
Provide appropriate examples to illustrate your key points and support your statements with scholarly references.

Write your initial response in approximately 200 words. Apply APA standards to citation of sources.

Discuss the public’s interest in privacy and why this is important in our society

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Assignment

You will need to discuss the fragile balance between the need for public health agencies to acquire data and the demand for security of sensitive information. Review the article Ethics in Public Health Research.

As public health director in a small county, you must maintain records that track diabetes rates, the incidence of HIV, and immunization records. Recently, there have been at least two breaches when computers were stolen from employees or an outside hacker broke into the system and downloaded data.

Now you must write an open letter addressing the community and explain how the department is going to protect the information. In your letter, address the following questions.

1. Explain why the health department collects this information conveying the idea of how it serves the greater good.

2. Discuss the public’s interest in privacy and why this is important in our society.

3. Discuss why the department needs to infringe on the community’s privacy.

4. Explain how the department might ensure greater security.

5. Be sure to identify at least one applicable regulation, statute, or source that supports the ability of the department to collect this information.

Assignment Expectations

1. Limit your response to 3 pages, not including title and reference pages.

2. Be sure to utilize at least 3-4 scholarly references to support your discussions.

3. Be sure to properly cite your references within the text of your assignment and listed at the end.

4. Be sure to apply critical thinking skills to the write-up of your assignment, especially for numbers 1, and 2 above.

Explain the meaning and importance of the doctrine of informed consent.

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Assignment

Make sure you have read all of the assigned readings. Discuss the questions presented below and follow directions

1. Review the case Informed Consent in Louisiana – Lugenbuhl v. Dowling.

2. First, identify the elements of the legal citation- plaintiff, defendant, court, location of case etc.

3. Explain the meaning and importance of the doctrine of informed consent.

4. Discuss why we have this doctrine and what would happen if we did not.

5. Discuss the two elements that must be present for informed consent to exist under the law.

6. In a legal case of negligence and liability explain why the basis for negligence may be battery, unconsented touching, or breach of a duty imposed on the doctor to disclose material information.

7. Explain the elements that must be present for a patient to give informed consent.

Assignment Expectations

1. Limit your responses to a maximum of four pages, not including title and reference list pages.

2. Be sure to utilize at least 3-4 scholarly references to support your discussions.

3. Be sure to properly cite your references within the text of your assignment and listed at the end.

4. Be sure to apply critical thinking skills to the write-up of your assignment, especially numbers 3, 4, and 5 above.

Required Reading

A Practical Guide to Informed Consent. Temple Health (2007). http://www.templehealth.org/ICTOOLKIT/html/ictoolkitpage1.html

Informed consent Russell G. Thornton Proc (Bayl Univ Med Cent) 2000 April; 13(2): 187–190.PMCID: PMC1312305 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1312305/

Informed Consent in Louisiana – Lugenbuhl v. Dowling, 701 So.2d 447 (La. 1997), rehearing denied (Nov 21, 1997) Guide http://biotech.law.lsu.edu/cases/consent/Lugenbuhl.htm

Am J Public Health. 2008 May; 98(5): 793–801. doi: 10.2105/AJPH.2006.107706
PMCID: PMC2374810 Ethics in Public Health Research: Privacy and Public Health at Risk: Public Health Confidentiality in the Digital Age. Meyers, Frieden, Bherwani and Henning. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2374810/

Improving the Informed Consent Process Krames StayWell Blog (2009). http://info.kramesstaywell.com/Portals/36339/docs/Krames{0e601fc7fe3603dc36f9ca2f49ef4cd268b5950ef1bbcf1f795cc00e94cdd119}20Informed{0e601fc7fe3603dc36f9ca2f49ef4cd268b5950ef1bbcf1f795cc00e94cdd119}20Consent.pdf

Old age is not so bad when you consider the alternatives. -Maurice Chevalier

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Old age is not so bad when you consider the alternatives.
-Maurice Chevalier, French actor, singer, and popular vaudeville entertainer (1888–1972)
Since 1900, the average life expectancy of persons in the United States has lengthened by more than 30 years, thanks in great part to efforts of public health professionals who strive to keep us healthy and free of injury. While none of us expects to be sick or injured, we often take for granted the health and safety measures, highlighted in your resources this week, that help us reduce our health risks.
To prepare for this Discussion, consider that the burden of disease for a community illustrates the gap between current health status of its residents and an ideal health situation where the entire population lives to an advanced age, free of disease and disability. Think about how public health closes that gap. Consider how the work of public health professionals and organizations can impact the Health-Adjusted Life Expectancy (HALE) and Disability Adjusted Life Years (DALY) as described in Chapter 2 of Public and Global Health Essentials.
By Day 4
Post a comprehensive response to the following:
Start your post with a brief description of a current or historic public health effort (i.e., water fluoridation) that is new, or surprising, from your Learning Resources (required and/or optional resources can be used).

Thinking about your daily activities, describe two specific instances where public health efforts, such as those identified in your learning resources (i.e., immunization), may have an impact on individuals you know.
Explain how your examples may impact the burden of disease addressed in your Learning Resources this week.
How would, or do, your examples of public health affect people in other, less developed, countries? Provide an example to illustrate your point.

Please be sure to cite your resources using APA style within your post.

(Examples of public health)

A refrigerator
Toilet
Immunization
Speed limit signal
Dietary label
Disaster relief
Condo
Bike helmet
Seat belt
Blood pressure
Miner/factory worker
Hand washing
No smoking

Resources:
https://www.cdc.gov/about/history/index.html
https://www.healthypeople.gov/
http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs310_2008.pdf
Note: Initial postings must be 250-350 words (not including references).