Identify who will be the participants and their major demographic characteristics (e.g., sex, age, etc.). Explain how participants will be selected for the study.

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Mini Research Proposal ANOVA

This written assignment is based on the work conducted in the “Basic ANOVA Study” discussion forum.  Based on this initial work, feedback received, and additional research, you should submit a mini research proposal that calls for the use of a one-way or repeated measures ANOVA.

Please include the following in the research proposal:
Introduction (1-2 paragraphs)

  • Present the research question of interest.
  • Explain how the chosen statistical test applies to this research question.
  • Provide the statistical notation and written explanations for the null and alternative hypotheses.
  • Explain the types of errors that can occur.
  • Methods
    • Participants (1 paragraph)
      • List how many participants will be selected.
      • Identify who will be the participants and their major demographic characteristics (e.g., sex, age, etc.).
      • Explain how participants will be selected for the study.
    • Procedures (1-2 paragraphs)
      • Identify the variables in the study.
      • Describe each variable’s scale of measurement (nominal, ordinal, interval, or ratio) and characteristics (i.e., discrete vs. continuous, qualitative vs. categorical, etc.).
      • Provide an operational definition for each variable, explaining how the variables will be measured.
  • Results (1-2 paragraphs)
    • Describe the statistical test that will be conducted. Be sure to include why the test was chosen and why it is appropriate for this study.  Also, describe the role of post-hoc tests in the analysis.
    • Identify the information that will be obtained from the results of this test and what will be needed to draw conclusions regarding the hypotheses.
  • Discussion (1 paragraph)
    • Identify any expected biases, assumptions, or faults with the proposed study and the use of the identified statistical test.
    • Explain what conclusions can and cannot be made for this study using this statistical test.
    • Describe the practical significance or importance of the results.

The paper should be APA formatted as a research proposal, and approximately 1000 to 1350 words of content. Include a title page, and a reference page that includes any resources utilized.  Students should submit their paper by Day 7.

Review Chapter 6 in the course text, Gender: Psychological Perspectives. Focus on how different factors influence gender identity.

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Discussion: Gender Identity Analysis

Males typically identify with the male gender and females with the feminine gender. The question for many researchers today and for this Discussion is: How does this gender identification occur? How do individuals come to identify with and accept themselves as either one gender or the other? This concept is termed gender identity in psychology.

There are two terms associated with gender identity that are important to highlight: gender stability and gender consistency. Gender stability means that gender is a stable personal characteristic and does not change with age or the situation or the environment. Gender consistency means that you identify with your gender regardless of how you are behaving. If you are a male and put on a pink dress, you show gender consistency if you still identify with being male, even though you are behaving like a female.

In this Discussion, you will explore some of the significant factors that influence gender identity and how these influencing factors impact society as a whole.

To prepare for this Discussion:

  • Review Chapter 6 in the course text, Gender: Psychological Perspectives. Focus on how different factors influence gender identity. Read “Demographic and Psychosocial Factors Associated With Psychological Distress and Resilience Among TransgenderIndividuals” and “Cross-Cultural Analysis of Gender Roles: Indian and US Advertisements.”
  • Watch a few different TV shows, sitcoms, commercials, or news reports. Also, look at a popular magazine and peruse the ads. Think about how these media sources 1) influence and or reinforce gender identity and 2) play a part in influencing gender bias. Focus on specific examples.
  • Using yourself or your child (or someone else’s child with whom you are close), think about the most important influential factors on gender identity, including biological, environmental, family, peer group, and cultural.

With these thoughts in mind:

By Day 3

Post your thoughts on how biology, environment, culture, family, peer group, and the media impact gender identity in the United States. Briefly describe how this influence on gender identity is accomplished. Then, describe the reasons individuals may experience gender dysphoria. Finally, provide some examples for how you think that society can best support the transgendered community. Be sure to support your examples with evidence from your research.

Be sure to support your postings and responses with specific references to the Learning Resources.

Read a selection of your colleagues’ postings.

Ensure your essay is logically structured (introduction, main body & conclusion), and be fully referencedthroughout and accompanied by an accurate bibliography.

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 1500 word essay “Describe and Evaluate the Effectiveness of Behavioural Therapies”

 you should:

  • Ensure your essay is logically structured (introduction, main body & conclusion), and be fully referencedthroughout and accompanied by an accurate bibliography.

Main body:

For the main body you will need to include key research, and show how these illustrate the processes of learning within the therapies you select.  You should describe these succinctly, using appropriate psychological terminology. You should describe at least two behavioural therapies, clearly explaining the processes used and show how they change behaviour. You will need to explain the relevance and usefulness of the therapies in terms of how successful they are in terms of treating maladaptive behaviours.  To evaluate the evidence you should include the following:

  • Consider the effectiveness of behavioural therapies – for example, you could compare and contrast the different exposure therapies and comment on how they compare in terms of effectiveness.  You should use specific research examples to illustrate the effectiveness of the therapies;
  • Consider the limitations associated with behavioural therapies – compare behavioural therapies with other treatments, particularly CBT; discuss the development of CBT and consider whether it has improved overall effectiveness; consider the limitation of behavioural therapies;
  • Consider ethical issues associated with behavioural therapies – use specific examples to illustrate the ethical issues; use comparative techniques to help you analyse how ethical the therapies are in relation to each other (eg, compare & contrast the exposure therapies); discuss whether CBT is more ethical than behavioural therapies.

Indicative Learner texts:

Cardwell, M., Clark, L., & Meldrum, C. (2003) Psychology for AS-Level  (3rd Ed) HarperCollins: London

Cardwell, M. & Flanagan, C. (2015) Psychology AS The Complete Companion Student Book (5th Edition) Oxford University Press: Oxford

Cardwell, M. & Flanagan, C. (2012) Psychology A2 The Complete Companion Student Book (3rd Ed) Oxford University Press: Oxford

Cardwell, M. & Flanagan, C. (2020) Psychology A Level Year 2: The Complete Companion Student book (Online). (5thed). Oxford University Press

Cardwell, M. & Flanagan, C. (2019) Psychology A Level Year 2: The Complete Companion Student Book for AQA. (5thed). Oxford University Press: Oxford

Cardwell, M. & Moody, R. (2019) Psychology A Level Year 1 & AS: Revision Guide for AQA. Oxford University Press: Oxford

Cardwell, M. & Moody, R. (2019) Psychology A Level Year 2: Revision Guide for AQA. Oxford University Press: Oxford

Eysenck, M. W. (2015) AQA Psychology: AS and A-Level Year 1. (6th ed). Psychology Press: London

Eysenck, M.W. (2000) Psychology For AS-Level  (2nd Ed) Psychology Press Ltd: East Sussex

Faudemer, K., Hayden, C., McHale, K. & Simson, C. (eds) (2015) A-Level Year 1 & AS Psychology Exam Board: AQA Coordination Group Publications Ltd (CGP)

Flanagan, C., Berry, D., Jarvis, M. & Liddle, R. (2015) AQA Psychology For A Level Year 1 & AS Illuminate Publishing Ltd: Cheltenham

Flanagan, C., Berry, D., Jarvis, M. & Liddle, R. (2016) AQA Psychology For A Level Year 2 Illuminate Publishing Ltd: Cheltenham

Gross, R., McIlveen, R., Coolican, H., Clamp, A., & Russell, J. (2000) Psychology: a new introduction for A-Level  (3rdEd)  Hodder & Stoughton: London

Gross, R. (2015) Psychology The Science of Mind and Behaviour (7th Ed) Hodder Education: London

Holt, N., Bremner, A., Sutherland, E., Vliek, M., Passer, M., & Smith, R. (2019) The Science of Mind and Behaviour. (4thed). McGraw-Hill Education: England

Other resources:

Ost’s intensive one-session therapy available at https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zKTpecooiec

www.psychologistworld.com/issues/behavioralapproach.php

www.simplypsychology.org/behaviorism.html

www.simplypsychology.org/cognitive-therapy.html

www.s-cool.co.uk/a-level/psychology/treatment/revise-it/cognitive-behavioural-therapies

1.  outline and evaluate behavioural therapies.

1.1  described at least two behavioural therapies

1.2  applied these therapies to at least one abnormal behaviour

1.2  evaluated behavioural therapies in terms of its effectiveness

2.  outline and evaluate cognitive behavioural therapy.

2.1  described one form of cognitive behavioural therapy

2.2  evaluated cognitive behavioural therapy in terms of its effectiveness

3.  identify and explain ethical issues associated with the use of behavioural therapies.

3.1  identified and explained the relevant ethical issues related to the use of behavioural therapies

4. demonstrate use of psychological terminology and sources

4.1  used appropriate psychological terminology with reference to classical and operant conditioning and social learning theory

4.2  correctly referenced work using the Harvard system

 – Powerpoint for the case study

Case study three: ornithophobia (fear of birds) (my choice)

Marie is 32 years old and has a three year old daughter.  She has always had a fear of birds, but recently this has escalated.  Marie constantly checks the sky for signs of birds when she is outside.  She is now afraid of hanging her washing out, and is even checking her windows for signs of birds.  She has been asking friends to take her daughter to nursery and has missed work on many occasions as she has been too afraid to leave the house.  She was unable to attend her daughter’s sports day and couldn’t accompany her on a field trip to a local farm.  She often asks her mother to take her daughter to the park, or to collect shopping for her.  Marie’s husband is becoming increasingly concerned, and has cancelled the family holiday as a result of Marie’s phobia.  Marie’s mother recently told her of an incident that occurred when Marie was a baby in which she was pecked on the face by a magpie.  Marie has no recollection of this.  Marie is now becoming depressed and has been asked to attend a meeting at work to discuss her continued absence and possible termination.

Explain Marie’s behaviour and suggest one possible behavioural therapy and one form of CBT .

Explain the theory you selected providing a well-developed overview. In addition, research one peer-reviewed article from your selected theoretical perspective in the Ashford University Library.

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Prior to completing this discussion, please read the required chapter from the Lerner, Easterbrooks, Mistry, & Weiner (2013) ebook, Baltes (1987), Hudson-Barr (2004), and American Psychological Association (2003) articles. Additionally, review the Human Development Theoretical Perspectives document required for this week.

Select one of the perspectives identified in the Theoretical Perspectives to Understand Human Development document and identify one theory (Freud’s Psychosexual Theory, Erikson’s Psychosocial Theory, etc.) that you would like to explore more.

Explain the theory you selected providing a well-developed overview. In addition, research one peer-reviewed article from your selected theoretical perspective in the Ashford University Library. Summarize the article being sure to include research question(s) and/or problem(s), target population and sample (specific group within the target population), measures (tests, instruments, and/or questionnaires used), procedures (how the study was conducted), and conclusions presented in the article. Analyze the ethical considerations, as well as the benefits and limitations of the research proposing solutions or suggestions for any issues or concerns.

Explain the theory you selected providing a well-developed overview. In addition, research one peer-reviewed article from your selected theoretical perspective in the Ashford University Library. Summarize the article being sure to include research question(s) and/or problem(s), target population and sample (specific group within the target population), measures (tests, instruments, and/or questionnaires used), procedures (how the study was conducted), and conclusions presented in the article. Analyze the ethical considerations, as well as the benefits and limitations of the research proposing solutions or suggestions for any issues or concerns.

Guided Response: Review several of your colleagues posts and respond to at least two of your peers including one response to a classmate in each of the other two groups by 11:59 p.m. on Day 7 of the week. You are encouraged to post your required replies earlier in the week to promote more meaningful and interactive discourse in this discussion.

Prior to crafting your responses, critically review the theory and article selected. Did your classmate provide enough detail for you to understand the theory and appropriately identify the specified elements of the article selected? What elements might you suggest he or she consider that were not present in the initial post? Were there ethical concerns presented in the article your colleague studied that were not addressed in his or her post? Was your colleague’s description of the proposed changes clear and appropriate in terms of the information presented in his or her article? Propose at least one change that your colleague did not consider, and explain why it would be an improvement to the study. Continue to monitor the discussion forum until 5:00 p.m. (Mountain Time) on Day 7 of the week and respond to anyone who replies to your initial post.